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2021-12-09

Go Go Pfizer

Pfizer Says Booster Neutralized Omicron but Variant May Elude Two Doses<blockquote>辉瑞称加强剂中和了奥密克戎病毒，但变种可能无法注射两剂</blockquote>

Pfizer Inc. PFE -0.62% and BioNTech SE BNTX -3.55% said that a third dose of their Covid-19 vaccine

Pfizer Says Booster Neutralized Omicron but Variant May Elude Two Doses<blockquote>辉瑞称加强剂中和了奥密克戎病毒，但变种可能无法注射两剂</blockquote>

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PFE -0.62% and BioNTech SE BNTX -3.55% said that a third dose of their Covid-19 vaccine ","content":"Pfizer Inc. PFE -0.62% and BioNTech SE BNTX -3.55% said that a third dose of their Covid-19 vaccine neutralized the Omicron variant in lab tests but that the two-dose regimen was significantly less effective at blocking the virus.<blockquote>辉瑞公司PFE-0.62%和BioNTech SE BNTX-3.55%表示，他们的第三剂Covid-19疫苗在实验室测试中中和了奥密克戎变种，但两剂方案在阻断病毒方面的效果明显较差。</blockquote> A third dose increased antibodies 25-fold compared with two doses against the Omicron variant, the companies said. Still, two doses may prove effective in preventing severe illness from Covid-19, they said, because immune cells are able to recognize 80% of parts of the spike protein that the vaccine targets.<blockquote>两家公司表示，与针对奥密克戎变种的两剂相比，第三剂使抗体增加了25倍。他们说，尽管如此，两剂疫苗可能会有效预防Covid-19引起的严重疾病，因为免疫细胞能够识别疫苗靶向的刺突蛋白的80%部分。</blockquote> The results were issued in a press release by the companies, and weren’t peer reviewed and published in a scientific journal.<blockquote>这些结果是在两家公司的新闻稿中发布的，没有经过同行评审也没有发表在科学期刊上。</blockquote> The findings from the companies’ early study, and one by scientists in South Africa, suggest that three doses will be needed to produce a similar immune response against Omicron as was provided by just two doses in earlier strains of the virus.<blockquote>两家公司的早期研究结果以及南非科学家的一项研究结果表明，需要三剂疫苗才能产生与早期病毒株仅两剂疫苗类似的针对奥密克戎病毒的免疫反应。</blockquote> It also bolsters the case for repeated and periodic boosters to maintain people’s immune defenses against an evolving Covid-19, the companies said.<blockquote>两家公司表示，这也支持了重复和定期加强剂以维持人们对不断发展的Covid-19的免疫防御的理由。</blockquote> “This is very positive news that should make everyone even more motivated to get vaccinated” and get a booster, said Pfizer Chief Scientific Officer Mikael Dolsten.<blockquote>辉瑞首席科学官米凯尔·多尔斯滕(Mikael Dolsten)表示，“这是一个非常积极的消息，应该会让每个人都更有动力接种疫苗”并接种加强剂。</blockquote> The companies’ current vaccine will provide a strong defense against Omicron, especially if people get a booster shot, Dr. Dolsten said. The three-dose regimen, he added, could provide stopgap protection against Omicron through the winter and until a new vaccine targeted directly at the variant would be ready if needed.<blockquote>多尔斯滕博士说，两家公司目前的疫苗将为奥密克戎提供强有力的防御，特别是如果人们接受加强注射的话。他补充说，三剂方案可以在整个冬季提供针对奥密克戎病毒的权宜之计，直到需要时直接针对该变种的新疫苗准备就绪。</blockquote> Pfizer and BioNTech are working on an Omicron-specific vaccine that they hope to have available by March 2022 if the variant becomes widespread by then. Researchers started working on the new vaccine on Thanksgiving Day, Nov. 25, shortly after Omicron was identified.<blockquote>辉瑞和BioNTech正在研究一种针对奥密克戎病毒的疫苗，如果该变种到那时变得广泛传播，他们希望在2022年3月之前上市。奥密克戎病毒被发现后不久，研究人员于11月25日感恩节开始研究这种新疫苗。</blockquote> The vaccine trains the immune system to fight the virus by generating immune-system soldiers known as antibodies, which attach to the virus and prevent it from replicating in healthy cells. The vaccine also produces other immune-system fighters called T cells that can kick in after infection to help target and clear the virus, preventing more serious disease.<blockquote>该疫苗通过产生称为抗体的免疫系统士兵来训练免疫系统对抗病毒，抗体附着在病毒上并阻止其在健康细胞中复制。该疫苗还产生其他称为T细胞的免疫系统战士，可以在感染后发挥作用，帮助靶向和清除病毒，预防更严重的疾病。</blockquote> Pfizer and BioNTech said that Omicron still appears susceptible to T cells produced by the vaccine.<blockquote>辉瑞和BioNTech表示，奥密克戎似乎仍然容易受到疫苗产生的T细胞的影响。</blockquote> Dr. Dolsten estimated there is a greater than 50% chance that Omicron becomes the dominant strain spreading in the U.S. by the spring, though it is too soon to know with certainty, he said.<blockquote>多尔斯滕博士估计，到春季，奥密克戎病毒成为美国传播的主要毒株的可能性超过50%，但现在确定还为时过早。</blockquote> The preliminary lab data comes from an analysis of blood samples from vaccinated patients measuring antibodies capable of neutralizing the virus causing Covid-19, including the Omicron variant. Blood samples were collected three weeks after patients received their second dose, or one month after receiving their third dose.<blockquote>初步实验室数据来自对接种疫苗患者血液样本的分析，测量能够中和导致Covid-19的病毒（包括奥密克戎变种）的抗体。在患者接受第二剂后三周或接受第三剂后一个月采集血样。</blockquote> The number of antibodies generated by a third booster shot against Omicron is similar to two doses against an older strain of the virus, the companies said.<blockquote>两家公司表示，针对奥密克戎病毒的第三次加强注射产生的抗体数量与针对旧病毒株的两次注射相似。</blockquote> “These preliminary data appear to show the Pfizer vaccine does in fact protect against Omicron, and that’s very good news,” said Philip Landrigan, director of Boston College’s Global Public Health and the Global Common Good program.<blockquote>“这些初步数据似乎表明辉瑞疫苗确实可以预防奥密克戎病毒，这是一个非常好的消息，”Boston College全球公共卫生和全球公益项目主任Philip Landrigan说。</blockquote> Monica Gandhi, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, said the results suggested two doses will protect many people from getting bad cases leading to hospitalization or death.<blockquote>加州大学旧金山分校医学教授莫妮卡·甘地表示，结果表明，两剂疫苗将保护许多人免受导致住院或死亡的严重病例。</blockquote> “Two doses are still effective against severe disease, whether people get boosters or not,” said Dr. Gandhi, who is recommending boosters for high-risk patients, including those with HIV. “For people who are at high risk of severe disease, it’s so important to get them boosted, but I don’t think it’s mandatory for young healthy people.”<blockquote>甘地博士说：“无论人们是否接种加强剂，两剂疫苗对严重疾病仍然有效。”他建议为包括艾滋病毒感染者在内的高危患者接种加强剂。“对于患有严重疾病的高风险人群来说，给他们注射疫苗非常重要，但我认为这对于年轻的健康人来说并不是强制性的。”</blockquote> The company’s early findings come a day after scientists in South Africa reported findings from early lab tests indicating a 41-fold reduction in the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine’s neutralization of Omicron than the original version of the virus.<blockquote>该公司的早期发现发布前一天，南非科学家报告了早期实验室测试的结果，表明辉瑞-BioNTech疫苗对奥密克戎病毒的中和作用比原始版本的病毒降低了41倍。</blockquote> The researchers, however, found greater antibody responses against Omicron in blood taken from subjects who were fully vaccinated and had previously been infected with Covid-19.<blockquote>然而，研究人员发现，从完全接种疫苗且之前感染过Covid-19的受试者身上采集的血液中，针对奥密克戎病毒的抗体反应更强。</blockquote> The companies will continue to work on a variant vaccine despite the promising signs that boosting with the original shot offers good protection against Omicron, said BioNTech Chief Executive Uğur Şahin. That is because they would need to see more data on how their vaccine holds up against the new variant, including real-world effectiveness data, expected in the coming weeks.<blockquote>BioNTech首席执行官Uğur Ş ahin表示，尽管有令人鼓舞的迹象表明，使用原始疫苗加强注射可以很好地预防奥密克戎病，但两家公司仍将继续研究变异疫苗。这是因为他们需要看到更多关于他们的疫苗如何抵抗新变种的数据，包括预计在未来几周内的真实世界有效性数据。</blockquote> “Only in combination will we understand the relevance of this data and potential protection against Omicron-mediated disease and severe disease,” he said.<blockquote>他说：“只有结合起来，我们才能了解这些数据的相关性以及对奥密克戎病介导的疾病和严重疾病的潜在保护作用。”</blockquote> Real-world data on vaccine effectiveness against Omicron won’t be available for at least six weeks, Dr. Şahin said, because the case numbers need to be higher before this can be measured.<blockquote>Ş ahin博士说，有关奥密克戎疫苗有效性的真实数据至少在六周内无法获得，因为病例数需要更高才能衡量。</blockquote> Meanwhile, the companies are moving forward with manufacturing an Omicron-specific vaccine. The first doses, for experimental use, will be ready in January, BioNTech executives said.<blockquote>与此同时，两家公司正在推进奥密克戎专用疫苗的生产。BioNTech高管表示，用于实验用途的第一剂疫苗将于1月份准备就绪。</blockquote> Omicron was first identified by scientists in South Africa last month. Since then the World Health Organization has deemed it a variant of concern. And it has since been detected around the world, including in the U.S.<blockquote>上个月，科学家首次在南非发现了奥密克戎病毒。从那时起，世界卫生组织就认为这是一个值得关注的变种。此后，包括美国在内的世界各地都发现了这种病毒。</blockquote> Researchers have been trying to understand how contagious the new strain is, as well as how well it might be able to evade Covid-19 vaccines and whether it causes severe disease. Some preliminary reports suggest the variant is more contagious but might cause milder disease, though researchers say it is too early to know.<blockquote>研究人员一直在试图了解这种新毒株的传染性如何，以及它逃避Covid-19疫苗的能力如何，以及它是否会导致严重疾病。一些初步报告表明，这种变异更具传染性，但可能会导致较轻的疾病，尽管研究人员表示现在知道还为时过早。</blockquote> Pfizer and BioNTech said they expect to make four billion vaccine doses next year, even if an Omicron-specific vaccine is required by then.<blockquote>辉瑞和BioNTech表示，他们预计明年将生产40亿剂疫苗，即使届时需要奥密克戎专用疫苗。</blockquote> Dr. Dolsten said that regardless of how widespread Omicron becomes, continued booster shots will likely be needed going forward to provide protection against Covid-19. A fourth booster dose is likely to be needed in the spring or fall of 2022, he said.<blockquote>多尔斯滕博士说，无论奥密克戎病变得多么普遍，未来可能需要持续的加强注射来提供针对新冠肺炎的保护。他说，2022年春季或秋季可能需要第四次加强剂量。</blockquote> “It’s increasingly clear you need to have a long-term perspective, with continued boosting to have strong durable immunity,” said Dr. Dolsten. “If the landscape looks similar to today, we will likely continue to boost with the current vaccine.”<blockquote>多尔斯滕博士说：“越来越明显的是，你需要有长远的眼光，持续增强才能拥有强大持久的免疫力。”“如果情况看起来与今天相似，我们可能会继续使用当前的疫苗加强疫苗。”</blockquote> Pfizer’s shares rose 1% while BioNTech’s American depositary shares fell 0.2% in morning trading.<blockquote>辉瑞股价上涨1%，而BioNTech美国存托股早盘下跌0.2%。</blockquote>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Pfizer Says Booster Neutralized Omicron but Variant May Elude Two Doses<blockquote>辉瑞称加强剂中和了奥密克戎病毒，但变种可能无法注射两剂</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nPfizer Says Booster Neutralized Omicron but Variant May Elude Two Doses<blockquote>辉瑞称加强剂中和了奥密克戎病毒，但变种可能无法注射两剂</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\nThe Wall Street Journal2021-12-09 07:57\n\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\nPfizer Inc. PFE -0.62% and BioNTech SE BNTX -3.55% said that a third dose of their Covid-19 vaccine neutralized the Omicron variant in lab tests but that the two-dose regimen was significantly less effective at blocking the virus.<blockquote>辉瑞公司PFE-0.62%和BioNTech SE BNTX-3.55%表示，他们的第三剂Covid-19疫苗在实验室测试中中和了奥密克戎变种，但两剂方案在阻断病毒方面的效果明显较差。</blockquote> A third dose increased antibodies 25-fold compared with two doses against the Omicron variant, the companies said. Still, two doses may prove effective in preventing severe illness from Covid-19, they said, because immune cells are able to recognize 80% of parts of the spike protein that the vaccine targets.<blockquote>两家公司表示，与针对奥密克戎变种的两剂相比，第三剂使抗体增加了25倍。他们说，尽管如此，两剂疫苗可能会有效预防Covid-19引起的严重疾病，因为免疫细胞能够识别疫苗靶向的刺突蛋白的80%部分。</blockquote> The results were issued in a press release by the companies, and weren’t peer reviewed and published in a scientific journal.<blockquote>这些结果是在两家公司的新闻稿中发布的，没有经过同行评审也没有发表在科学期刊上。</blockquote> The findings from the companies’ early study, and one by scientists in South Africa, suggest that three doses will be needed to produce a similar immune response against Omicron as was provided by just two doses in earlier strains of the virus.<blockquote>两家公司的早期研究结果以及南非科学家的一项研究结果表明，需要三剂疫苗才能产生与早期病毒株仅两剂疫苗类似的针对奥密克戎病毒的免疫反应。</blockquote> It also bolsters the case for repeated and periodic boosters to maintain people’s immune defenses against an evolving Covid-19, the companies said.<blockquote>两家公司表示，这也支持了重复和定期加强剂以维持人们对不断发展的Covid-19的免疫防御的理由。</blockquote> “This is very positive news that should make everyone even more motivated to get vaccinated” and get a booster, said Pfizer Chief Scientific Officer Mikael Dolsten.<blockquote>辉瑞首席科学官米凯尔·多尔斯滕(Mikael Dolsten)表示，“这是一个非常积极的消息，应该会让每个人都更有动力接种疫苗”并接种加强剂。</blockquote> The companies’ current vaccine will provide a strong defense against Omicron, especially if people get a booster shot, Dr. Dolsten said. The three-dose regimen, he added, could provide stopgap protection against Omicron through the winter and until a new vaccine targeted directly at the variant would be ready if needed.<blockquote>多尔斯滕博士说，两家公司目前的疫苗将为奥密克戎提供强有力的防御，特别是如果人们接受加强注射的话。他补充说，三剂方案可以在整个冬季提供针对奥密克戎病毒的权宜之计，直到需要时直接针对该变种的新疫苗准备就绪。</blockquote> Pfizer and BioNTech are working on an Omicron-specific vaccine that they hope to have available by March 2022 if the variant becomes widespread by then. Researchers started working on the new vaccine on Thanksgiving Day, Nov. 25, shortly after Omicron was identified.<blockquote>辉瑞和BioNTech正在研究一种针对奥密克戎病毒的疫苗，如果该变种到那时变得广泛传播，他们希望在2022年3月之前上市。奥密克戎病毒被发现后不久，研究人员于11月25日感恩节开始研究这种新疫苗。</blockquote> The vaccine trains the immune system to fight the virus by generating immune-system soldiers known as antibodies, which attach to the virus and prevent it from replicating in healthy cells. The vaccine also produces other immune-system fighters called T cells that can kick in after infection to help target and clear the virus, preventing more serious disease.<blockquote>该疫苗通过产生称为抗体的免疫系统士兵来训练免疫系统对抗病毒，抗体附着在病毒上并阻止其在健康细胞中复制。该疫苗还产生其他称为T细胞的免疫系统战士，可以在感染后发挥作用，帮助靶向和清除病毒，预防更严重的疾病。</blockquote> Pfizer and BioNTech said that Omicron still appears susceptible to T cells produced by the vaccine.<blockquote>辉瑞和BioNTech表示，奥密克戎似乎仍然容易受到疫苗产生的T细胞的影响。</blockquote> Dr. Dolsten estimated there is a greater than 50% chance that Omicron becomes the dominant strain spreading in the U.S. by the spring, though it is too soon to know with certainty, he said.<blockquote>多尔斯滕博士估计，到春季，奥密克戎病毒成为美国传播的主要毒株的可能性超过50%，但现在确定还为时过早。</blockquote> The preliminary lab data comes from an analysis of blood samples from vaccinated patients measuring antibodies capable of neutralizing the virus causing Covid-19, including the Omicron variant. Blood samples were collected three weeks after patients received their second dose, or one month after receiving their third dose.<blockquote>初步实验室数据来自对接种疫苗患者血液样本的分析，测量能够中和导致Covid-19的病毒（包括奥密克戎变种）的抗体。在患者接受第二剂后三周或接受第三剂后一个月采集血样。</blockquote> The number of antibodies generated by a third booster shot against Omicron is similar to two doses against an older strain of the virus, the companies said.<blockquote>两家公司表示，针对奥密克戎病毒的第三次加强注射产生的抗体数量与针对旧病毒株的两次注射相似。</blockquote> “These preliminary data appear to show the Pfizer vaccine does in fact protect against Omicron, and that’s very good news,” said Philip Landrigan, director of Boston College’s Global Public Health and the Global Common Good program.<blockquote>“这些初步数据似乎表明辉瑞疫苗确实可以预防奥密克戎病毒，这是一个非常好的消息，”Boston College全球公共卫生和全球公益项目主任Philip Landrigan说。</blockquote> Monica Gandhi, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, said the results suggested two doses will protect many people from getting bad cases leading to hospitalization or death.<blockquote>加州大学旧金山分校医学教授莫妮卡·甘地表示，结果表明，两剂疫苗将保护许多人免受导致住院或死亡的严重病例。</blockquote> “Two doses are still effective against severe disease, whether people get boosters or not,” said Dr. Gandhi, who is recommending boosters for high-risk patients, including those with HIV. “For people who are at high risk of severe disease, it’s so important to get them boosted, but I don’t think it’s mandatory for young healthy people.”<blockquote>甘地博士说：“无论人们是否接种加强剂，两剂疫苗对严重疾病仍然有效。”他建议为包括艾滋病毒感染者在内的高危患者接种加强剂。“对于患有严重疾病的高风险人群来说，给他们注射疫苗非常重要，但我认为这对于年轻的健康人来说并不是强制性的。”</blockquote> The company’s early findings come a day after scientists in South Africa reported findings from early lab tests indicating a 41-fold reduction in the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine’s neutralization of Omicron than the original version of the virus.<blockquote>该公司的早期发现发布前一天，南非科学家报告了早期实验室测试的结果，表明辉瑞-BioNTech疫苗对奥密克戎病毒的中和作用比原始版本的病毒降低了41倍。</blockquote> The researchers, however, found greater antibody responses against Omicron in blood taken from subjects who were fully vaccinated and had previously been infected with Covid-19.<blockquote>然而，研究人员发现，从完全接种疫苗且之前感染过Covid-19的受试者身上采集的血液中，针对奥密克戎病毒的抗体反应更强。</blockquote> The companies will continue to work on a variant vaccine despite the promising signs that boosting with the original shot offers good protection against Omicron, said BioNTech Chief Executive Uğur Şahin. That is because they would need to see more data on how their vaccine holds up against the new variant, including real-world effectiveness data, expected in the coming weeks.<blockquote>BioNTech首席执行官Uğur Ş ahin表示，尽管有令人鼓舞的迹象表明，使用原始疫苗加强注射可以很好地预防奥密克戎病，但两家公司仍将继续研究变异疫苗。这是因为他们需要看到更多关于他们的疫苗如何抵抗新变种的数据，包括预计在未来几周内的真实世界有效性数据。</blockquote> “Only in combination will we understand the relevance of this data and potential protection against Omicron-mediated disease and severe disease,” he said.<blockquote>他说：“只有结合起来，我们才能了解这些数据的相关性以及对奥密克戎病介导的疾病和严重疾病的潜在保护作用。”</blockquote> Real-world data on vaccine effectiveness against Omicron won’t be available for at least six weeks, Dr. Şahin said, because the case numbers need to be higher before this can be measured.<blockquote>Ş ahin博士说，有关奥密克戎疫苗有效性的真实数据至少在六周内无法获得，因为病例数需要更高才能衡量。</blockquote> Meanwhile, the companies are moving forward with manufacturing an Omicron-specific vaccine. The first doses, for experimental use, will be ready in January, BioNTech executives said.<blockquote>与此同时，两家公司正在推进奥密克戎专用疫苗的生产。BioNTech高管表示，用于实验用途的第一剂疫苗将于1月份准备就绪。</blockquote> Omicron was first identified by scientists in South Africa last month. Since then the World Health Organization has deemed it a variant of concern. And it has since been detected around the world, including in the U.S.<blockquote>上个月，科学家首次在南非发现了奥密克戎病毒。从那时起，世界卫生组织就认为这是一个值得关注的变种。此后，包括美国在内的世界各地都发现了这种病毒。</blockquote> Researchers have been trying to understand how contagious the new strain is, as well as how well it might be able to evade Covid-19 vaccines and whether it causes severe disease. Some preliminary reports suggest the variant is more contagious but might cause milder disease, though researchers say it is too early to know.<blockquote>研究人员一直在试图了解这种新毒株的传染性如何，以及它逃避Covid-19疫苗的能力如何，以及它是否会导致严重疾病。一些初步报告表明，这种变异更具传染性，但可能会导致较轻的疾病，尽管研究人员表示现在知道还为时过早。</blockquote> Pfizer and BioNTech said they expect to make four billion vaccine doses next year, even if an Omicron-specific vaccine is required by then.<blockquote>辉瑞和BioNTech表示，他们预计明年将生产40亿剂疫苗，即使届时需要奥密克戎专用疫苗。</blockquote> Dr. Dolsten said that regardless of how widespread Omicron becomes, continued booster shots will likely be needed going forward to provide protection against Covid-19. A fourth booster dose is likely to be needed in the spring or fall of 2022, he said.<blockquote>多尔斯滕博士说，无论奥密克戎病变得多么普遍，未来可能需要持续的加强注射来提供针对新冠肺炎的保护。他说，2022年春季或秋季可能需要第四次加强剂量。</blockquote> “It’s increasingly clear you need to have a long-term perspective, with continued boosting to have strong durable immunity,” said Dr. Dolsten. “If the landscape looks similar to today, we will likely continue to boost with the current vaccine.”<blockquote>多尔斯滕博士说：“越来越明显的是，你需要有长远的眼光，持续增强才能拥有强大持久的免疫力。”“如果情况看起来与今天相似，我们可能会继续使用当前的疫苗加强疫苗。”</blockquote> Pfizer’s shares rose 1% while BioNTech’s American depositary shares fell 0.2% in morning trading.<blockquote>辉瑞股价上涨1%，而BioNTech美国存托股早盘下跌0.2%。</blockquote>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n 来源：<a href=\"https://www.wsj.com/articles/pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-loses-significant-effectiveness-against-omicron-in-early-study-companies-say-11638964121?mod=hp_lead_pos1\">The Wall Street Journal</a>\n为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"PFE":"辉瑞","BNTX":"BioNTech SE"},"source_url":"https://www.wsj.com/articles/pfizer-biontech-covid-19-vaccine-loses-significant-effectiveness-against-omicron-in-early-study-companies-say-11638964121?mod=hp_lead_pos1","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1141815911","content_text":"Pfizer Inc. PFE -0.62% and BioNTech SE BNTX -3.55% said that a third dose of their Covid-19 vaccine neutralized the Omicron variant in lab tests but that the two-dose regimen was significantly less effective at blocking the virus.\n\nA third dose increased antibodies 25-fold compared with two doses against the Omicron variant, the companies said. Still, two doses may prove effective in preventing severe illness from Covid-19, they said, because immune cells are able to recognize 80% of parts of the spike protein that the vaccine targets.\n\nThe results were issued in a press release by the companies, and weren’t peer reviewed and published in a scientific journal.\n\nThe findings from the companies’ early study, and one by scientists in South Africa, suggest that three doses will be needed to produce a similar immune response against Omicron as was provided by just two doses in earlier strains of the virus.\n\n\nIt also bolsters the case for repeated and periodic boosters to maintain people’s immune defenses against an evolving Covid-19, the companies said.\n\n“This is very positive news that should make everyone even more motivated to get vaccinated” and get a booster, said Pfizer Chief Scientific Officer Mikael Dolsten.\n\nThe companies’ current vaccine will provide a strong defense against Omicron, especially if people get a booster shot, Dr. Dolsten said. The three-dose regimen, he added, could provide stopgap protection against Omicron through the winter and until a new vaccine targeted directly at the variant would be ready if needed.\n\nPfizer and BioNTech are working on an Omicron-specific vaccine that they hope to have available by March 2022 if the variant becomes widespread by then. Researchers started working on the new vaccine on Thanksgiving Day, Nov. 25, shortly after Omicron was identified.\n\nThe vaccine trains the immune system to fight the virus by generating immune-system soldiers known as antibodies, which attach to the virus and prevent it from replicating in healthy cells. The vaccine also produces other immune-system fighters called T cells that can kick in after infection to help target and clear the virus, preventing more serious disease.\n\nPfizer and BioNTech said that Omicron still appears susceptible to T cells produced by the vaccine.\n\nDr. Dolsten estimated there is a greater than 50% chance that Omicron becomes the dominant strain spreading in the U.S. by the spring, though it is too soon to know with certainty, he said.\n\nThe preliminary lab data comes from an analysis of blood samples from vaccinated patients measuring antibodies capable of neutralizing the virus causing Covid-19, including the Omicron variant. Blood samples were collected three weeks after patients received their second dose, or one month after receiving their third dose.\n\nThe number of antibodies generated by a third booster shot against Omicron is similar to two doses against an older strain of the virus, the companies said.\n\n“These preliminary data appear to show the Pfizer vaccine does in fact protect against Omicron, and that’s very good news,” said Philip Landrigan, director of Boston College’s Global Public Health and the Global Common Good program.\n\n\nMonica Gandhi, a professor of medicine at the University of California, San Francisco, said the results suggested two doses will protect many people from getting bad cases leading to hospitalization or death.\n\n“Two doses are still effective against severe disease, whether people get boosters or not,” said Dr. Gandhi, who is recommending boosters for high-risk patients, including those with HIV. “For people who are at high risk of severe disease, it’s so important to get them boosted, but I don’t think it’s mandatory for young healthy people.”\n\nThe company’s early findings come a day after scientists in South Africa reported findings from early lab tests indicating a 41-fold reduction in the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine’s neutralization of Omicron than the original version of the virus.\n\n\n\nThe researchers, however, found greater antibody responses against Omicron in blood taken from subjects who were fully vaccinated and had previously been infected with Covid-19.\n\nThe companies will continue to work on a variant vaccine despite the promising signs that boosting with the original shot offers good protection against Omicron, said BioNTech Chief Executive Uğur Şahin. That is because they would need to see more data on how their vaccine holds up against the new variant, including real-world effectiveness data, expected in the coming weeks.\n\n\n“Only in combination will we understand the relevance of this data and potential protection against Omicron-mediated disease and severe disease,” he said.\n\nReal-world data on vaccine effectiveness against Omicron won’t be available for at least six weeks, Dr. Şahin said, because the case numbers need to be higher before this can be measured.\n\nMeanwhile, the companies are moving forward with manufacturing an Omicron-specific vaccine. The first doses, for experimental use, will be ready in January, BioNTech executives said.\n\nOmicron was first identified by scientists in South Africa last month. Since then the World Health Organization has deemed it a variant of concern. And it has since been detected around the world, including in the U.S.\n\nResearchers have been trying to understand how contagious the new strain is, as well as how well it might be able to evade Covid-19 vaccines and whether it causes severe disease. Some preliminary reports suggest the variant is more contagious but might cause milder disease, though researchers say it is too early to know.\n\nPfizer and BioNTech said they expect to make four billion vaccine doses next year, even if an Omicron-specific vaccine is required by then.\n\nDr. Dolsten said that regardless of how widespread Omicron becomes, continued booster shots will likely be needed going forward to provide protection against Covid-19. A fourth booster dose is likely to be needed in the spring or fall of 2022, he said.\n\n“It’s increasingly clear you need to have a long-term perspective, with continued boosting to have strong durable immunity,” said Dr. Dolsten. “If the landscape looks similar to today, we will likely continue to boost with the current vaccine.”\n\nPfizer’s shares rose 1% while BioNTech’s American depositary shares fell 0.2% in morning trading.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"BNTX":0.9,"PFE":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":3213,"commentLimit":10,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false,"reportStatus":false,"symbols":["PFE"],"verified":2,"subType":0,"readableState":1,"langContent":"CN","currentLanguage":"CN","warmUpFlag":false,"orderFlag":false,"shareable":true,"causeOfNotShareable":"","featuresForAnalytics":[],"commentAndTweetFlag":false,"andRepostAutoSelectedFlag":false,"upFlag":false,"length":10,"xxTargetLangEnum":"ZH_CN"},"commentList":[],"hasMoreComment":false,"orderType":2}

Pfizer Says Booster Neutralized Omicron but Variant May Elude Two Doses<blockquote>辉瑞称加强剂中和了奥密克戎病毒，但变种可能无法注射两剂</blockquote>

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