Waymo 与特斯拉自动驾驶出租车落地遇阻：前者频现安全事故，后者 “半开放” 难达预期_老虎社区_美港股上老虎

Waymo 与特斯拉自动驾驶出租车落地遇阻：前者频现安全事故，后者 “半开放” 难达预期

汽车产业前线观察08-31

自动驾驶出租车（Robotaxi）赛道的两大玩家 —— 特斯拉与 Waymo，正在落地进程中遭遇各自的难题。特斯拉耗时十余年推进的自动驾驶愿景，今年才在奥斯汀市启动小规模试点，且仍需配备安全员；Waymo 虽布局更广、技术路径更谨慎，却频发无视交警信号、驶入洪水等安全事故。二者的困境，折射出 Robotaxi 商业化落地的艰巨性。一、特斯拉：Robotaxi 试点 “窄众”，核心业务拖后腿特斯拉的...

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40%。马斯克亟需通过 Robotaxi 打开新增长空间，以扭转业务颓势。为提振信心，特斯拉选择了与 Waymo 不同的技术路径：依托摄像头与 AI 算法，试图打造 “通用性更强的自动驾驶方案”，马斯克称这能帮助品牌快速扩大规模。他曾在 7 月向投资者承诺，年底前特斯拉 Robotaxi 将覆盖 “美国一半人口”。但现实差距悬殊 —— 奥斯汀市人口仅占美国总人口的 0.3%，且当前试点仅对 “精心筛选的粉丝” 开放，连全市居民都无法使用。尽管马斯克本月初在社交平台 X（原 Twitter）表示，该服务将在 9 月转为 “开放访问”，允许普通公众下载 APP 叫车，但行业普遍持怀疑态度（熟悉自动驾驶领域的人士认为，“下个月” 往往可能推迟到 “明年”）。二、Waymo：技术谨慎却频出事故，安全隐患引担忧相比特斯拉的 “激进画饼”，Waymo 的落地策略更为严谨：采用激光雷达、摄像头等 “全传感器套件” 扫描环境，基于实时感知数据做驾驶决策，且已在旧金山湾区、洛杉矶、凤凰城等多城部署约 2000 辆捷豹 I-Pace Robotaxi，今年 3 月还在奥斯汀、亚特兰大通过 Uber APP 提供服务。但这种 “稳健路径” 并未带来 “零事故”—— 据路透社报道，Waymo 近期在奥斯汀市频发安全问题，奥斯汀警察局中尉威廉・怀特（William White）透露了多个典型案例：1、自 3 月通过 Uber 提供服务以来，Waymo 车辆多次无视交警手势，驶入危险场景；2、今年 5 月，一辆 Waymo 车径直驶入洪水区域，乘客被迫自行脱困。怀特直言：“这显然是重大隐患，若乘客因此遇难，可能构成严重刑事事件”；3、去年奥斯汀市中心附近举办慈善步行活动时，一名交警明确封锁道路，Waymo 车辆却反复试图绕行，最终警方通过在其传感器上缠绕胶带才迫使其停车。除此之外，谷歌搜索显示，Waymo 近期还发生过多起事故：车辆全速驶入路面塌陷处、自动驾驶车辆相撞、深夜持续鸣笛吵醒整个社区等。目前，Waymo 已开始在纽约市（以交通混乱著称）测试 Robotaxi，但尚未正式运营 —— 即便背靠谷歌母公司 Alphabet 的 “资金护城河”（可承受每年数十亿美元亏损），且分析师认为其最终能盈利，频发的安全事故仍为其扩张蒙上阴影。三、赛道困境：商业化落地 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