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2021-08-21

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2021-06-16

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2021-08-19

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2021-06-29

Nice

Here’s what inflation’s spike means for stocks now<blockquote>这就是通胀飙升对股市的意义</blockquote>

2021-06-19

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2021-08-28

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2021-08-02

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2021-06-22

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2021-06-14

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2021-06-10

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"Ethical Failures": Tesla Dropped From Sustainability ETF Due To Environmental, Labor Concerns<blockquote>“道德失败”：由于环境和劳工问题，特斯拉退出可持续发展ETF</blockquote>

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The stock started trading on Nasdaq Capital Market yesterday.</p><p><blockquote>Focus Universal Inc.股价飙升近230%。该股昨天开始在纳斯达克资本市场交易。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/20952cc6988ab208c1e782cf45b91b1a\" tg-width=\"878\" tg-height=\"635\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">Focus Universal Inc. &nbsp;is a provider of patented hardware and software design technologies for Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G. The company has developed four disruptive patented technologies to solve the major problems facing hardware design, hardware production, software design and network communication facing both industries today. These technologies combined have potential to reduce costs, product development timelines and energy usage, while increasing range, speed, efficiency and security.</p><p><blockquote>Focus Universal Inc.是物联网(IoT)和5G专利硬件和软件设计技术的提供商。公司开发了四项颠覆性专利技术，以解决当今两个行业面临的硬件设计、硬件生产、软件设计和网络通信等重大问题。这些技术结合起来有可能降低成本、产品开发时间表和能源使用，同时提高范围、速度、效率和安全性。</blockquote></p><p></p>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"FCUV":"Focus Universal, Inc."},"is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1110351476","content_text":"Focus Universal Inc. shares surged nearly 230%. The stock started trading on Nasdaq Capital Market yesterday.\nFocus Universal Inc.  is a provider of patented hardware and software design technologies for Internet of Things (IoT) and 5G. The company has developed four disruptive patented technologies to solve the major problems facing hardware design, hardware production, software design and network communication facing both industries today. These technologies combined have potential to reduce costs, product development timelines and energy usage, while increasing range, speed, efficiency and security.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"FCUV":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2071,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":818451332,"gmtCreate":1630432386826,"gmtModify":1633678114322,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3586080725811051","idStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"&nbsp;Hh","listText":"&nbsp;Hh","text":"Hh","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/818451332","repostId":"1145335378","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1145335378","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1630423053,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1145335378?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-08-31 23:17","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Allbirds files for U.S. IPO using ESG-focused route<blockquote>Allbirds使用以ESG为重点的途径申请美国IPO</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1145335378","media":"Reuters","summary":"(Reuters) -Allbirds, a footwear maker backed by asset manager Franklin Templeton, said on Tuesday it","content":"<p>(Reuters) -Allbirds, a footwear maker backed by asset manager Franklin Templeton, said on Tuesday it has filed for a U.S. initial public offering, as the company looks to cash in on growing demand for sustainable products globally.</p><p><blockquote>（路透社）-资产管理公司富兰克林邓普顿(Franklin Templeton)支持的鞋类制造商Allbirds周二表示，已申请在美国进行首次公开募股，该公司希望从全球对可持续产品不断增长的需求中获利。</blockquote></p><p> The company, which mentions the word “sustainability” 107 times in its regulatory filing, said it hopes to “help pioneer” a framework for companies to conduct what it called a sustainable public equity offering, or SPO.</p><p><blockquote>该公司在其监管文件中107次提到“可持续发展”一词，并表示希望“帮助开创”一个框架，供企业进行所谓的可持续公开募股（SPO）。</blockquote></p><p> In order for a public equity offering to be designated as an SPO, a company must meet certain criteria, such as a minimum environmental, social and governance (ESG) rating and best practices on climate response, among others.</p><p><blockquote>为使公开发行股票被指定为SPO，公司必须满足若干标准，如最低环境、社会及管治（ESG）评级以及气候应对最佳实践等。</blockquote></p><p> “We believe the SPO designation will help to identify leading ESG companies as they enter the public equity markets,” the company said.</p><p><blockquote>该公司表示：“我们相信，SPO的指定将有助于识别进入公开股票市场的领先ESG公司。”</blockquote></p><p> Allbirds’ bid to go public comes against the backdrop of surging investor interest in sustainable companies, which also care about ESG issues.</p><p><blockquote>Allbirds的上市是在投资者对可持续发展公司的兴趣激增的背景下进行的，这些公司也关心ESG问题。</blockquote></p><p> Plant-based burger maker Impossible Foods is looking to list through a blank-check merger, Reuters reported in April, while Hollywood star Jessica Alba’s Honest Co and Oprah Winfrey-backed Oatly Group AB made their stock market debuts in May.</p><p><blockquote>据路透社4月份报道，植物性汉堡制造商Impossible Foods正在寻求通过空白支票合并上市，而好莱坞明星杰西卡·阿尔芭(Jessica Alba)的Honest Co和奥普拉·温弗瑞(Oprah Winfrey)支持的Oatly Group AB于5月份在股市首次亮相。</blockquote></p><p> Founded by co-Chief Executive Officers Joseph Zwillinger and Timothy Brown, a former New Zealand soccer player, Allbirds is known for the use of sustainable materials in its products.</p><p><blockquote>Allbirds由联席首席执行官Joseph Zwillinger和前新西兰足球运动员Timothy Brown创立，以在产品中使用可持续材料而闻名。</blockquote></p><p> A native of New Zealand, Brown researched and tinkered with the properties of merino wool and eventually teamed up with Zwillinger to craft a wool fabric made specifically for footwear.</p><p><blockquote>作为新西兰人，布朗研究并修补了美利奴羊毛的特性，最终与Zwillinger合作，制作了一种专门用于鞋类的羊毛面料。</blockquote></p><p></p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Allbirds files for U.S. IPO using ESG-focused route<blockquote>Allbirds使用以ESG为重点的途径申请美国IPO</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nAllbirds files for U.S. IPO using ESG-focused route<blockquote>Allbirds使用以ESG为重点的途径申请美国IPO</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">Reuters</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-08-31 23:17</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>(Reuters) -Allbirds, a footwear maker backed by asset manager Franklin Templeton, said on Tuesday it has filed for a U.S. initial public offering, as the company looks to cash in on growing demand for sustainable products globally.</p><p><blockquote>（路透社）-资产管理公司富兰克林邓普顿(Franklin Templeton)支持的鞋类制造商Allbirds周二表示，已申请在美国进行首次公开募股，该公司希望从全球对可持续产品不断增长的需求中获利。</blockquote></p><p> The company, which mentions the word “sustainability” 107 times in its regulatory filing, said it hopes to “help pioneer” a framework for companies to conduct what it called a sustainable public equity offering, or SPO.</p><p><blockquote>该公司在其监管文件中107次提到“可持续发展”一词，并表示希望“帮助开创”一个框架，供企业进行所谓的可持续公开募股（SPO）。</blockquote></p><p> In order for a public equity offering to be designated as an SPO, a company must meet certain criteria, such as a minimum environmental, social and governance (ESG) rating and best practices on climate response, among others.</p><p><blockquote>为使公开发行股票被指定为SPO，公司必须满足若干标准，如最低环境、社会及管治（ESG）评级以及气候应对最佳实践等。</blockquote></p><p> “We believe the SPO designation will help to identify leading ESG companies as they enter the public equity markets,” the company said.</p><p><blockquote>该公司表示：“我们相信，SPO的指定将有助于识别进入公开股票市场的领先ESG公司。”</blockquote></p><p> Allbirds’ bid to go public comes against the backdrop of surging investor interest in sustainable companies, which also care about ESG issues.</p><p><blockquote>Allbirds的上市是在投资者对可持续发展公司的兴趣激增的背景下进行的，这些公司也关心ESG问题。</blockquote></p><p> Plant-based burger maker Impossible Foods is looking to list through a blank-check merger, Reuters reported in April, while Hollywood star Jessica Alba’s Honest Co and Oprah Winfrey-backed Oatly Group AB made their stock market debuts in May.</p><p><blockquote>据路透社4月份报道，植物性汉堡制造商Impossible Foods正在寻求通过空白支票合并上市，而好莱坞明星杰西卡·阿尔芭(Jessica Alba)的Honest Co和奥普拉·温弗瑞(Oprah Winfrey)支持的Oatly Group AB于5月份在股市首次亮相。</blockquote></p><p> Founded by co-Chief Executive Officers Joseph Zwillinger and Timothy Brown, a former New Zealand soccer player, Allbirds is known for the use of sustainable materials in its products.</p><p><blockquote>Allbirds由联席首席执行官Joseph Zwillinger和前新西兰足球运动员Timothy Brown创立，以在产品中使用可持续材料而闻名。</blockquote></p><p> A native of New Zealand, Brown researched and tinkered with the properties of merino wool and eventually teamed up with Zwillinger to craft a wool fabric made specifically for footwear.</p><p><blockquote>作为新西兰人，布朗研究并修补了美利奴羊毛的特性，最终与Zwillinger合作，制作了一种专门用于鞋类的羊毛面料。</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://www.reuters.com/article/allbirds-ipo/update-2-footwear-startup-allbirds-touts-esg-focus-as-it-files-for-ipo-idUSL4N2Q2359\">Reuters</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{".SPX":"S&P 500 Index"},"source_url":"https://www.reuters.com/article/allbirds-ipo/update-2-footwear-startup-allbirds-touts-esg-focus-as-it-files-for-ipo-idUSL4N2Q2359","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1145335378","content_text":"(Reuters) -Allbirds, a footwear maker backed by asset manager Franklin Templeton, said on Tuesday it has filed for a U.S. initial public offering, as the company looks to cash in on growing demand for sustainable products globally.\nThe company, which mentions the word “sustainability” 107 times in its regulatory filing, said it hopes to “help pioneer” a framework for companies to conduct what it called a sustainable public equity offering, or SPO.\nIn order for a public equity offering to be designated as an SPO, a company must meet certain criteria, such as a minimum environmental, social and governance (ESG) rating and best practices on climate response, among others.\n“We believe the SPO 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14:41","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Antitrust Activists Want to Go Full Throttle. Here’s a Lesson They Should Consider First<blockquote>反垄断活动人士希望全力以赴。这是他们应该首先考虑的一个教训</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1154216466","media":"Barron's","summary":"About the author: Thomas W. Hazlett is H.H. Macaulay endowed professor of economics at Clemson Unive","content":"<p><i>About the author: Thomas W. Hazlett is H.H. Macaulay endowed professor of economics at Clemson University, and previously served as chief economist of the Federal Communications Commission.&nbsp;His latest book is</i>The Political Spectrum: The Tumultuous Liberation of Wireless Technologies, from Herbert Hoover to the Smartphone.</p><p><blockquote><i>作者简介：托马斯·W·黑兹利特是H.H。麦考利是克莱姆森大学经济学捐赠教授，此前曾担任联邦通信委员会首席经济学家，其最新著作是</i>政治光谱：从赫伯特·胡佛到智能手机，无线技术的混乱解放。</blockquote></p><p> Big Tech is in the antitrust hot seat. But before the Department of Justice tries to break up companies likeGoogleorApple,it should recall the history, and eventual outcome, of theAT&amp;T-Time Warner merger.</p><p><blockquote>大型科技公司陷入反垄断困境。但在司法部试图拆分谷歌或苹果等公司之前，它应该回顾一下美国电话电报公司与时代华纳合并的历史和最终结果。</blockquote></p><p> The DOJ expended extensive time and resources to stop AT&amp;T’s acquisition of Time Warner, marking the department’s first challenge to a major vertical merger in over 40 years. The government was unsuccessful despite its best efforts, which included an appeal to the D.C. Circuit, and time reveals that its concerns were evidently misplaced all along. The merger did not result in higher prices, program blackouts, or even any appreciable advantage for the companies.</p><p><blockquote>DOJ花费了大量时间和资源来阻止美国电话电报公司收购时代华纳，这标志着该部门40多年来首次挑战重大垂直合并。尽管政府尽了最大努力，包括向华盛顿巡回法院上诉，但还是没有成功，《时代》杂志揭示了它的担忧显然一直都是错误的。合并并没有导致更高的价格、项目中断，甚至没有给公司带来任何明显的优势。</blockquote></p><p> In October 2016 AT&amp;Tannouncedits plan to buy Time Warner.&nbsp; Donald Trump’s presidential campaign trashed the merger in a statement: &nbsp;“AT&amp;T … is now trying to buy Time Warner and thus the wildly anti-Trump CNN. Donald Trump would never approve such a deal.”&nbsp; With Trump in office, the DOJ moved to block it.</p><p><blockquote>2016年10月，美国电话电报公司宣布了收购时代华纳的计划。唐纳德·特朗普的总统竞选团队在一份声明中抨击了此次合并：“美国电话电报公司……现在正试图收购时代华纳，从而收购疯狂反特朗普的CNN。唐纳德·特朗普永远不会批准这样的交易。”随着特朗普的上任，DOJ采取行动阻止了它。</blockquote></p><p> In 2017, the DOJ went to court tocomplainthat the merger would “substantially lessen competition in video” by allowing AT&amp;T to “use Time Warner’s ‘must have’” networks like CNN, TNT, TBS, and HBO to raise fees charged to rival cable TV distributors like Comcast or DISH. AT&amp;T, which had acquired national satellite operator DirecTV, could threaten “blackouts” depriving rival distributors of key programs—their subscribers would then quit and flock to DirecTV (AT&amp;T) so as to keep watching CNN or the NBA Playoffs on TNT. Not only would major TV and cable systems be hurt, but emerging online streaming services would be crushed.</p><p><blockquote>2017年，美国司法部向法院投诉称，此次合并将“大大减少视频领域的竞争”，允许美国电话电报公司“使用时代华纳的‘必备’网络，如CNN、TNT、TBS和HBO，提高向竞争对手有线电视收取的费用。康卡斯特或DISH等分销商。收购了国家卫星运营商DirecTV的美国电话电报公司可能会威胁“停电”，剥夺竞争对手分销商的关键节目——他们的订户会退出，涌向DirecTV（美国电话电报公司），以便继续在TNT上观看CNN或NBA季后赛。不仅主要的电视和有线电视系统会受到伤害，新兴的在线流媒体服务也会受到挤压。</blockquote></p><p> The government’s case focused on “vertical leveraging,” where a company uses two complementary products to make it more difficult for rivals to compete in the individual markets.&nbsp;Here, AT&amp;T was combining video content creation with video program distribution; the allegation was that competitors in either segment might be hurt.&nbsp;Yet there are clear efficiencies to be had, as widely found in studies of vertically integrated firms, with joint operations boosting consumer happiness. Buyers at Costco eagerly snap up Costco-supplied Kirkland products—which the retailer stocks in place of those of some independent producers—if they improve price or quality.&nbsp;So facts, not just a story, are needed.&nbsp; District Court Judge Richard J. Leonfoundthat the DOJ case “falls far short of establishing the validity of its… theory.”</p><p><blockquote>政府的案例集中在“垂直杠杆”上，即一家公司使用两种互补的产品，使竞争对手更难在单个市场竞争。在这里，美国电话电报公司将视频内容创作与视频节目分发相结合；指控是，这两个领域的竞争对手都可能受到伤害。然而，正如在对垂直整合公司的研究中广泛发现的那样，联合运营会提高消费者的幸福感，这是显而易见的。如果Costco供应的Kirkland产品提高了价格或质量，Costco的买家就会急切地snap这些产品——零售商用这些产品代替了一些独立生产商的产品。因此，需要的是事实，而不仅仅是一个故事。地区法院法官Richard J.Leon发现，司法部的案件“远远没有证明其……理论的有效性。”</blockquote></p><p> Aside from the political overtones of the case, there was good historical reason to doubt the official complaint. A cable TV programmer combined with (or split from) a video distributor several times in recent years.&nbsp;Vertical integration did not cause higher prices, as shown by econometric analysis. Nor did vertical integration lead to “blackouts,” as the DOJ conceded. A three-judge panel of the D.C. Circuit confirmed Judge Leon’s opinion, finding that “the industry had become dynamic in recent years with the emergence, for example, of Netflix and Hulu.”</p><p><blockquote>除了此案的政治含义，有充分的历史理由怀疑官方的投诉。一家有线电视节目制作商近年来数次与一家视频分销商合并（或分拆）。垂直整合并没有引起更高的价格，如计量经济学分析所示。正如司法部承认的那样，垂直整合也没有导致“停电”。华盛顿巡回法院的三名法官小组证实了莱昂法官的观点，发现“近年来，随着Netflix和Hulu等公司的出现，该行业变得充满活力。”</blockquote></p><p> Owning DirecTV and Time Warner together turned out to be not much advantage, let alone a monopoly. Despite a huge boost in pandemic demand for video content, rivals soon dined on AT&amp;T-Time Warner’s lunch. When AT&amp;T bought DirecTV in 2015, it paid $67 billion.&nbsp;In February 2021, with DirecTV’s satellite subscriber base collapsing, the spun-off operation wasvaluedat $16.3 billion.</p><p><blockquote>事实证明，同时拥有DirecTV和时代华纳并没有多大优势，更不用说垄断了。尽管疫情对视频内容的需求大幅增长，但竞争对手很快就享用了AT&amp;T-时代华纳的午餐。当美国电话电报公司在2015年收购DirecTV时，它支付了670亿美元。2021年2月，随着DirecTV的卫星用户群崩溃，分拆业务的价值为163亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> And AT&amp;Tthen unloaded the video assets of Time Warner. A new enterprise—Warner Bros. Discovery—is being spun off and merged with Discovery (Discovery Channel, Animal Planet, TLC, HGTV, the Food Networkand more). The content-only firm voluntarily severs the link the DOJ critiqued as easy monopoly money. With the allegations of anticompetitive bundling, it has been cast off as not worth the trouble.AT&amp;T shareholders receive $43 billion, less than half the $100 billion AT&amp;T expended (in debt and equity) for Time Warner three years ago. The government’s scenario of anti-competitive vertical integration proved a fantasy.</p><p><blockquote>AT&amp;T当时出售了时代华纳的视频资产。一家新企业——华纳兄弟探索频道——正在剥离并与探索频道（探索频道、动物星球、TLC、HGTV、美食网等）合并。这家只提供内容的公司自愿切断了司法部批评为轻松垄断资金的链接。由于反竞争捆绑的指控，它被认为不值得麻烦。AT&amp;T股东获得了430亿美元，不到三年前AT&amp;T为时代华纳花费的1000亿美元（债务和股权）的一半。事实证明，政府反竞争纵向一体化的设想是一种幻想。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> AT&amp;T’s maneuvers deserve whatever scorn billions in shareholder losses can buy. A cynic might offer that antitrust laws be beefed up to protect against such corporate errors, ignoring that economic penalties—more reliable and harsher than whatever antitrust enforcers might deal—are visibly in place. But little note has been made of the ironic political saga. Policymakers are moving full throttle to enact statutes to beef up antitrust prosecution in tech for exactly what AT&amp;T so spectacularly failed to do in video.&nbsp; Rep. Pramila Jayapal (D-Wash.) and Rep. Lance Gooden (R-Texas) introduced the “Ending Monopoly Platforms Act” that would restrict vertical mergers in online services, for example. At least five other bills for new antitrust rules have been introduced.</p><p><blockquote>美国电话电报公司的策略值得数十亿股东损失所能买到的任何蔑视。愤世嫉俗者可能会建议加强反垄断法，以防止此类企业错误，而忽视了经济处罚——比反垄断执法者可能处理的任何事情都更可靠、更严厉——显然已经到位。但是很少有人注意到这个具有讽刺意味的政治传奇。政策制定者正在全力以赴制定法规，加强科技领域的反垄断起诉，这正是美国电话电报公司在视频领域未能做到的。众议员普拉米拉·贾亚帕尔（D-Wash。）和众议员兰斯·古登（R-Texas）提出了“结束垄断平台法案”，例如，该法案将限制在线服务的垂直合并。至少还有五项新的反垄断规则法案已经出台。</blockquote></p><p> Not only can such policies be expensive legal diversions, they can block the innovations igniting exciting new choices for customers. Netflix has integrated from streaming into movie production, after launching Roku. Hulu was created by News Corp. (Fox) and NBC-Universal (Comcast).&nbsp;Amazon Prime Video, Sling, YouTube TV, Apple TV, Disney Plus, HBO Max and Paramount Plus—each has extended a large media or e-commerce platform. Each evolved from a quest for better products. Treating entrepreneurship as suspect puts the screws to just the disruptions now roiling online entertainment markets. AT&amp;T learned the hard way that owning complementary products is no guarantee of success. </p><p><blockquote>此类政策不仅可能是昂贵的法律转移，还可能阻碍为客户带来令人兴奋的新选择的创新。在推出Roku后，Netflix已从流媒体融入电影制作。Hulu是由新闻集团（Fox）和NBC-Universal（Comcast）创建的。Amazon Prime Video、Sling、YouTube TV、苹果TV、Disney Plus、HBO Max和Paramount Plus——每个都扩展了一个大型媒体或电子商务平台。每一个都是从对更好产品的追求演变而来的。将企业家精神视为嫌疑人只会加剧目前扰乱在线娱乐市场的混乱。美国电话电报公司惨痛地认识到，拥有互补产品并不能保证成功。</blockquote></p><p></p>","source":"lsy1610680873436","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Antitrust Activists Want to Go Full Throttle. Here’s a Lesson They Should Consider First<blockquote>反垄断活动人士希望全力以赴。这是他们应该首先考虑的一个教训</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nAntitrust Activists Want to Go Full Throttle. Here’s a Lesson They Should Consider First<blockquote>反垄断活动人士希望全力以赴。这是他们应该首先考虑的一个教训</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">Barron's</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-07-31 14:41</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p><i>About the author: Thomas W. Hazlett is H.H. Macaulay endowed professor of economics at Clemson University, and previously served as chief economist of the Federal Communications Commission.&nbsp;His latest book is</i>The Political Spectrum: The Tumultuous Liberation of Wireless Technologies, from Herbert Hoover to the Smartphone.</p><p><blockquote><i>作者简介：托马斯·W·黑兹利特是H.H。麦考利是克莱姆森大学经济学捐赠教授，此前曾担任联邦通信委员会首席经济学家，其最新著作是</i>政治光谱：从赫伯特·胡佛到智能手机，无线技术的混乱解放。</blockquote></p><p> Big Tech is in the antitrust hot seat. But before the Department of Justice tries to break up companies likeGoogleorApple,it should recall the history, and eventual outcome, of theAT&amp;T-Time Warner merger.</p><p><blockquote>大型科技公司陷入反垄断困境。但在司法部试图拆分谷歌或苹果等公司之前，它应该回顾一下美国电话电报公司与时代华纳合并的历史和最终结果。</blockquote></p><p> The DOJ expended extensive time and resources to stop AT&amp;T’s acquisition of Time Warner, marking the department’s first challenge to a major vertical merger in over 40 years. The government was unsuccessful despite its best efforts, which included an appeal to the D.C. Circuit, and time reveals that its concerns were evidently misplaced all along. The merger did not result in higher prices, program blackouts, or even any appreciable advantage for the companies.</p><p><blockquote>DOJ花费了大量时间和资源来阻止美国电话电报公司收购时代华纳，这标志着该部门40多年来首次挑战重大垂直合并。尽管政府尽了最大努力，包括向华盛顿巡回法院上诉，但还是没有成功，《时代》杂志揭示了它的担忧显然一直都是错误的。合并并没有导致更高的价格、项目中断，甚至没有给公司带来任何明显的优势。</blockquote></p><p> In October 2016 AT&amp;Tannouncedits plan to buy Time Warner.&nbsp; Donald Trump’s presidential campaign trashed the merger in a statement: &nbsp;“AT&amp;T … is now trying to buy Time Warner and thus the wildly anti-Trump CNN. Donald Trump would never approve such a deal.”&nbsp; With Trump in office, the DOJ moved to block it.</p><p><blockquote>2016年10月，美国电话电报公司宣布了收购时代华纳的计划。唐纳德·特朗普的总统竞选团队在一份声明中抨击了此次合并：“美国电话电报公司……现在正试图收购时代华纳，从而收购疯狂反特朗普的CNN。唐纳德·特朗普永远不会批准这样的交易。”随着特朗普的上任，DOJ采取行动阻止了它。</blockquote></p><p> In 2017, the DOJ went to court tocomplainthat the merger would “substantially lessen competition in video” by allowing AT&amp;T to “use Time Warner’s ‘must have’” networks like CNN, TNT, TBS, and HBO to raise fees charged to rival cable TV distributors like Comcast or DISH. AT&amp;T, which had acquired national satellite operator DirecTV, could threaten “blackouts” depriving rival distributors of key programs—their subscribers would then quit and flock to DirecTV (AT&amp;T) so as to keep watching CNN or the NBA Playoffs on TNT. Not only would major TV and cable systems be hurt, but emerging online streaming services would be crushed.</p><p><blockquote>2017年，美国司法部向法院投诉称，此次合并将“大大减少视频领域的竞争”，允许美国电话电报公司“使用时代华纳的‘必备’网络，如CNN、TNT、TBS和HBO，提高向竞争对手有线电视收取的费用。康卡斯特或DISH等分销商。收购了国家卫星运营商DirecTV的美国电话电报公司可能会威胁“停电”，剥夺竞争对手分销商的关键节目——他们的订户会退出，涌向DirecTV（美国电话电报公司），以便继续在TNT上观看CNN或NBA季后赛。不仅主要的电视和有线电视系统会受到伤害，新兴的在线流媒体服务也会受到挤压。</blockquote></p><p> The government’s case focused on “vertical leveraging,” where a company uses two complementary products to make it more difficult for rivals to compete in the individual markets.&nbsp;Here, AT&amp;T was combining video content creation with video program distribution; the allegation was that competitors in either segment might be hurt.&nbsp;Yet there are clear efficiencies to be had, as widely found in studies of vertically integrated firms, with joint operations boosting consumer happiness. Buyers at Costco eagerly snap up Costco-supplied Kirkland products—which the retailer stocks in place of those of some independent producers—if they improve price or quality.&nbsp;So facts, not just a story, are needed.&nbsp; District Court Judge Richard J. Leonfoundthat the DOJ case “falls far short of establishing the validity of its… theory.”</p><p><blockquote>政府的案例集中在“垂直杠杆”上，即一家公司使用两种互补的产品，使竞争对手更难在单个市场竞争。在这里，美国电话电报公司将视频内容创作与视频节目分发相结合；指控是，这两个领域的竞争对手都可能受到伤害。然而，正如在对垂直整合公司的研究中广泛发现的那样，联合运营会提高消费者的幸福感，这是显而易见的。如果Costco供应的Kirkland产品提高了价格或质量，Costco的买家就会急切地snap这些产品——零售商用这些产品代替了一些独立生产商的产品。因此，需要的是事实，而不仅仅是一个故事。地区法院法官Richard J.Leon发现，司法部的案件“远远没有证明其……理论的有效性。”</blockquote></p><p> Aside from the political overtones of the case, there was good historical reason to doubt the official complaint. A cable TV programmer combined with (or split from) a video distributor several times in recent years.&nbsp;Vertical integration did not cause higher prices, as shown by econometric analysis. Nor did vertical integration lead to “blackouts,” as the DOJ conceded. A three-judge panel of the D.C. Circuit confirmed Judge Leon’s opinion, finding that “the industry had become dynamic in recent years with the emergence, for example, of Netflix and Hulu.”</p><p><blockquote>除了此案的政治含义，有充分的历史理由怀疑官方的投诉。一家有线电视节目制作商近年来数次与一家视频分销商合并（或分拆）。垂直整合并没有引起更高的价格，如计量经济学分析所示。正如司法部承认的那样，垂直整合也没有导致“停电”。华盛顿巡回法院的三名法官小组证实了莱昂法官的观点，发现“近年来，随着Netflix和Hulu等公司的出现，该行业变得充满活力。”</blockquote></p><p> Owning DirecTV and Time Warner together turned out to be not much advantage, let alone a monopoly. Despite a huge boost in pandemic demand for video content, rivals soon dined on AT&amp;T-Time Warner’s lunch. When AT&amp;T bought DirecTV in 2015, it paid $67 billion.&nbsp;In February 2021, with DirecTV’s satellite subscriber base collapsing, the spun-off operation wasvaluedat $16.3 billion.</p><p><blockquote>事实证明，同时拥有DirecTV和时代华纳并没有多大优势，更不用说垄断了。尽管疫情对视频内容的需求大幅增长，但竞争对手很快就享用了AT&amp;T-时代华纳的午餐。当美国电话电报公司在2015年收购DirecTV时，它支付了670亿美元。2021年2月，随着DirecTV的卫星用户群崩溃，分拆业务的价值为163亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> And AT&amp;Tthen unloaded the video assets of Time Warner. A new enterprise—Warner Bros. Discovery—is being spun off and merged with Discovery (Discovery Channel, Animal Planet, TLC, HGTV, the Food Networkand more). The content-only firm voluntarily severs the link the DOJ critiqued as easy monopoly money. With the allegations of anticompetitive bundling, it has been cast off as not worth the trouble.AT&amp;T shareholders receive $43 billion, less than half the $100 billion AT&amp;T expended (in debt and equity) for Time Warner three years ago. The government’s scenario of anti-competitive vertical integration proved a fantasy.</p><p><blockquote>AT&amp;T当时出售了时代华纳的视频资产。一家新企业——华纳兄弟探索频道——正在剥离并与探索频道（探索频道、动物星球、TLC、HGTV、美食网等）合并。这家只提供内容的公司自愿切断了司法部批评为轻松垄断资金的链接。由于反竞争捆绑的指控，它被认为不值得麻烦。AT&amp;T股东获得了430亿美元，不到三年前AT&amp;T为时代华纳花费的1000亿美元（债务和股权）的一半。事实证明，政府反竞争纵向一体化的设想是一种幻想。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> AT&amp;T’s maneuvers deserve whatever scorn billions in shareholder losses can buy. A cynic might offer that antitrust laws be beefed up to protect against such corporate errors, ignoring that economic penalties—more reliable and harsher than whatever antitrust enforcers might deal—are visibly in place. But little note has been made of the ironic political saga. Policymakers are moving full throttle to enact statutes to beef up antitrust prosecution in tech for exactly what AT&amp;T so spectacularly failed to do in video.&nbsp; Rep. Pramila Jayapal (D-Wash.) and Rep. Lance Gooden (R-Texas) introduced the “Ending Monopoly Platforms Act” that would restrict vertical mergers in online services, for example. At least five other bills for new antitrust rules have been introduced.</p><p><blockquote>美国电话电报公司的策略值得数十亿股东损失所能买到的任何蔑视。愤世嫉俗者可能会建议加强反垄断法，以防止此类企业错误，而忽视了经济处罚——比反垄断执法者可能处理的任何事情都更可靠、更严厉——显然已经到位。但是很少有人注意到这个具有讽刺意味的政治传奇。政策制定者正在全力以赴制定法规，加强科技领域的反垄断起诉，这正是美国电话电报公司在视频领域未能做到的。众议员普拉米拉·贾亚帕尔（D-Wash。）和众议员兰斯·古登（R-Texas）提出了“结束垄断平台法案”，例如，该法案将限制在线服务的垂直合并。至少还有五项新的反垄断规则法案已经出台。</blockquote></p><p> Not only can such policies be expensive legal diversions, they can block the innovations igniting exciting new choices for customers. Netflix has integrated from streaming into movie production, after launching Roku. Hulu was created by News Corp. (Fox) and NBC-Universal (Comcast).&nbsp;Amazon Prime Video, Sling, YouTube TV, Apple TV, Disney Plus, HBO Max and Paramount Plus—each has extended a large media or e-commerce platform. Each evolved from a quest for better products. Treating entrepreneurship as suspect puts the screws to just the disruptions now roiling online entertainment markets. AT&amp;T learned the hard way that owning complementary products is no guarantee of success. </p><p><blockquote>此类政策不仅可能是昂贵的法律转移，还可能阻碍为客户带来令人兴奋的新选择的创新。在推出Roku后，Netflix已从流媒体融入电影制作。Hulu是由新闻集团（Fox）和NBC-Universal（Comcast）创建的。Amazon Prime Video、Sling、YouTube TV、苹果TV、Disney Plus、HBO Max和Paramount Plus——每个都扩展了一个大型媒体或电子商务平台。每一个都是从对更好产品的追求演变而来的。将企业家精神视为嫌疑人只会加剧目前扰乱在线娱乐市场的混乱。美国电话电报公司惨痛地认识到，拥有互补产品并不能保证成功。</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://www.barrons.com/articles/antitrust-activists-want-to-go-full-throttle-heres-a-lesson-they-should-consider-first-51627509048?mod=hp_COMMENTARY_3\">Barron's</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{},"source_url":"https://www.barrons.com/articles/antitrust-activists-want-to-go-full-throttle-heres-a-lesson-they-should-consider-first-51627509048?mod=hp_COMMENTARY_3","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1154216466","content_text":"About the author: Thomas W. Hazlett is H.H. Macaulay endowed professor of economics at Clemson University, and previously served as chief economist of the Federal Communications Commission. His latest book isThe Political Spectrum: The Tumultuous Liberation of Wireless Technologies, from Herbert Hoover to the Smartphone.\nBig Tech is in the antitrust hot seat. But before the Department of Justice tries to break up companies likeGoogleorApple,it should recall the history, and eventual outcome, of theAT&T-Time Warner merger.\nThe DOJ expended extensive time and resources to stop AT&T’s acquisition of Time Warner, marking the department’s first challenge to a major vertical merger in over 40 years. The government was unsuccessful despite its best efforts, which included an appeal to the D.C. Circuit, and time reveals that its concerns were evidently misplaced all along. The merger did not result in higher prices, program blackouts, or even any appreciable advantage for the companies.\nIn October 2016 AT&Tannouncedits plan to buy Time Warner.  Donald Trump’s presidential campaign trashed the merger in a statement:  “AT&T … is now trying to buy Time Warner and thus the wildly anti-Trump CNN. Donald Trump would never approve such a deal.”  With Trump in office, the DOJ moved to block it.\nIn 2017, the DOJ went to court tocomplainthat the merger would “substantially lessen competition in video” by allowing AT&T to “use Time Warner’s ‘must have’” networks like CNN, TNT, TBS, and HBO to raise fees charged to rival cable TV distributors like Comcast or DISH. AT&T, which had acquired national satellite operator DirecTV, could threaten “blackouts” depriving rival distributors of key programs—their subscribers would then quit and flock to DirecTV (AT&T) so as to keep watching CNN or the NBA Playoffs on TNT. Not only would major TV and cable systems be hurt, but emerging online streaming services would be crushed.\nThe government’s case focused on “vertical leveraging,” where a company uses two complementary products to make it more difficult for rivals to compete in the individual markets. Here, AT&T was combining video content creation with video program distribution; the allegation was that competitors in either segment might be hurt. Yet there are clear efficiencies to be had, as widely found in studies of vertically integrated firms, with joint operations boosting consumer happiness. Buyers at Costco eagerly snap up Costco-supplied Kirkland products—which the retailer stocks in place of those of some independent producers—if they improve price or quality. So facts, not just a story, are needed.  District Court Judge Richard J. Leonfoundthat the DOJ case “falls far short of establishing the validity of its… theory.”\nAside from the political overtones of the case, there was good historical reason to doubt the official complaint. A cable TV programmer combined with (or split from) a video distributor several times in recent years. Vertical integration did not cause higher prices, as shown by econometric analysis. Nor did vertical integration lead to “blackouts,” as the DOJ conceded. A three-judge panel of the D.C. Circuit confirmed Judge Leon’s opinion, finding that “the industry had become dynamic in recent years with the emergence, for example, of Netflix and Hulu.”\nOwning DirecTV and Time Warner together turned out to be not much advantage, let alone a monopoly. Despite a huge boost in pandemic demand for video content, rivals soon dined on AT&T-Time Warner’s lunch. When AT&T bought DirecTV in 2015, it paid $67 billion. In February 2021, with DirecTV’s satellite subscriber base collapsing, the spun-off operation wasvaluedat $16.3 billion.\nAnd AT&Tthen unloaded the video assets of Time Warner. A new enterprise—Warner Bros. Discovery—is being spun off and merged with Discovery (Discovery Channel, Animal Planet, TLC, HGTV, the Food Networkand more). The content-only firm voluntarily severs the link the DOJ critiqued as easy monopoly money. With the allegations of anticompetitive bundling, it has been cast off as not worth the trouble.AT&T shareholders receive $43 billion, less than half the $100 billion AT&T expended (in debt and equity) for Time Warner three years ago. The government’s scenario of anti-competitive vertical integration proved a fantasy.\nAT&T’s maneuvers deserve whatever scorn billions in shareholder losses can buy. A cynic might offer that antitrust laws be beefed up to protect against such corporate errors, ignoring that economic penalties—more reliable and harsher than whatever antitrust enforcers might deal—are visibly in place. But little note has been made of the ironic political saga. Policymakers are moving full throttle to enact statutes to beef up antitrust prosecution in tech for exactly what AT&T so spectacularly failed to do in video.  Rep. Pramila Jayapal (D-Wash.) and Rep. Lance Gooden (R-Texas) introduced the “Ending Monopoly Platforms Act” that would restrict vertical mergers in online services, for example. At least five other bills for new antitrust rules have been introduced.\nNot only can such policies be expensive legal diversions, they can block the innovations igniting exciting new choices for customers. Netflix has integrated from streaming into movie production, after launching Roku. Hulu was created by News Corp. (Fox) and NBC-Universal (Comcast). Amazon Prime Video, Sling, YouTube TV, Apple TV, Disney Plus, HBO Max and Paramount Plus—each has extended a large media or e-commerce platform. Each evolved from a quest for better products. Treating entrepreneurship as suspect puts the screws to just the disruptions now roiling online entertainment markets. AT&T learned the hard way that owning complementary products is no guarantee of success.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":533,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":806220026,"gmtCreate":1627658885165,"gmtModify":1633757319098,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"3586080725811051","idStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Ice","listText":"Ice","text":"Ice","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":1,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/806220026","repostId":"2155377091","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":560,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0}],"hots":[{"id":836625335,"gmtCreate":1629479053727,"gmtModify":1633684534149,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Aye","listText":"Aye","text":"Aye","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":7,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/836625335","repostId":"1191201221","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":3944,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":169855465,"gmtCreate":1623829712257,"gmtModify":1634027448431,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Like and comment","listText":"Like and comment","text":"Like and comment","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":4,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/169855465","repostId":"1170101443","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":402,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":831872550,"gmtCreate":1629305021070,"gmtModify":1633685810349,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Ad","listText":"Ad","text":"Ad","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":6,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/831872550","repostId":"2160737919","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":621,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":159756988,"gmtCreate":1624981574144,"gmtModify":1633946182866,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Nice","listText":"Nice","text":"Nice","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":6,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/159756988","repostId":"1180006824","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1180006824","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1624979545,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1180006824?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-06-29 23:12","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Here’s what inflation’s spike means for stocks now<blockquote>这就是通胀飙升对股市的意义</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1180006824","media":"MarketWatch","summary":"Expectations about inflation’s short-term impact on growth- and value stocks have no historical basi","content":"<p>Expectations about inflation’s short-term impact on growth- and value stocks have no historical basis</p><p><blockquote>关于通胀对成长股和价值股的短期影响的预期没有历史依据</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a11ddc0063c90ff3e9f3bfe11e8ad739\" tg-width=\"1260\" tg-height=\"850\"><span>AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>法新社/盖蒂图片社</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Don’t look to the latest inflation figures to help you time the U.S. stock market’s near-term ups and downs.</p><p><blockquote>不要指望最新的通胀数据来帮助您把握美国股市近期涨跌的时机。</blockquote></p><p> That’s worth keeping in mind because, based on recent experience, you’d be excused for thinking that inflation plays a powerful role in the stock market’s shorter-term gyrations. During the inflation scare between mid-April and mid-May, for example, value stocks outperformed growth stocks — just as conventional wisdom would expect. Since mid-May, inflation worries have receded and value stocks have lagged.</p><p><blockquote>这一点值得记住，因为根据最近的经验，你可以情有可原地认为通货膨胀在股市的短期波动中发挥着重要作用。例如，在4月中旬至5月中旬的通胀恐慌期间，价值股的表现优于成长股——正如传统观点所预期的那样。5月中旬以来，通胀担忧消退，价值股表现落后。</blockquote></p><p> It doesn’t always work out this neatly. In fact, I could find no noteworthy historical relationship between inflation’s short-term trend and the performance of either the stock market as a whole or the relative performance of value- and growth stocks.</p><p><blockquote>事情并不总是这么顺利。事实上，我找不到通胀的短期趋势与整个股市的表现或价值型和成长型股票的相对表现之间有任何值得注意的历史关系。</blockquote></p><p> To search for such correlations, I started by analyzing monthly inflation, interest rates and stock market data from Yale University finance professor Robert Shiller going back to 1871. I calculated the correlation coefficients between inflation and the S&amp;P 500&nbsp;over different short-term periods extending from the trailing one month to trailing 12 months.</p><p><blockquote>为了寻找这种相关性，我首先分析了耶鲁大学金融学教授罗伯特·希勒(Robert Shiller)自1871年以来的每月通胀、利率和股市数据。我计算了从过去一个月到过去12个月的不同短期时期内通胀与标普500之间的相关系数。</blockquote></p><p> I largely came up empty. Consider the extent to which changes in the CPI explain or predict simultaneous changes in the S&amp;P 500 (as measured by a statistic known as r-squared). Regardless of the time horizon between one- and 12 months, the CPI (or its predecessor) since 1871 has been able to predict no more than 4% of the S&amp;P 500’s gyrations. (Note carefully that, when measuring these correlations, I focused on the S&amp;P 500’s inflation-adjusted total return so as not to bias my calculations.)</p><p><blockquote>我基本上一无所获。考虑CPI的变化在多大程度上解释或预测了标普500的同时变化（通过称为r平方的统计数据来衡量）。无论1个月到12个月之间的时间范围如何，自1871年以来，CPI（或其前身）能够预测的标普500波动不超过4%。（请注意，在衡量这些相关性时，我关注的是标普500经通胀调整后的总回报，以免影响我的计算。）</blockquote></p><p> One of the reasons for the absence of a strong correlation is that the stock market has a love-hate relationship with inflation. When investors are more worried about economic weakness, or even deflation, higher inflation is sometimes seen as a good thing. At other times inflation and stocks are inversely correlated.</p><p><blockquote>缺乏强相关性的原因之一是股市与通胀又爱又恨。当投资者更担心经济疲软，甚至通货紧缩时，更高的通胀有时被视为一件好事。在其他时候，通货膨胀和股票呈负相关。</blockquote></p><p> This fluctuating correlation is illustrated in the chart below, which tracks the correlation coefficient between the CPI and the S&amp;P 500’s inflation-adjusted total return over the trailing 12 months. Notice the absence of any consistent relationship.</p><p><blockquote>下图说明了这种波动的相关性，该图表跟踪了过去12个月CPI与标普500经通胀调整后的总回报之间的相关系数。注意没有任何一致的关系。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/12ac0cc9ed7a8d766f3308cbf6daeaf5\" tg-width=\"1260\" tg-height=\"882\"></p><p><blockquote></blockquote></p><p> As a double-check on this surprising conclusion, I reran my analysis focusing on interest rates rather than the CPI. That’s revealing because interest rates reflect not only recent changes in inflation but also expected future inflation. The correlations between short-term movements in interest rates and the stock market were even weaker than when I focused on inflation.</p><p><blockquote>为了仔细检查这个令人惊讶的结论，我重新运行了我的分析，重点是利率而不是CPI。这很有启发性，因为利率不仅反映了近期通胀的变化，还反映了预期的未来通胀。短期利率变动与股市之间的相关性甚至比我关注通胀时还要弱。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Value vs. growth when inflation and interest rates rise</b></p><p><blockquote><b>通货膨胀和利率上升时的价值与增长</b></blockquote></p><p> What about value’s performance relative to growth? Surely it historically has followed the same pattern we’ve seen over the past couple of months?</p><p><blockquote>价值相对于增长的表现如何？从历史上看，它肯定遵循了我们在过去几个月中看到的相同模式吗？</blockquote></p><p> Not so. To reach that counterintuitive conclusion, I analyzed the monthly returns of U.S. value and growth stocks since 1926, courtesy of data from Dartmouth College finance professor Ken French. (Specifically, the value stock portfolio contained the 30% of the U.S. market with the lowest book/market ratios, while the growth stock portfolio contained the 30% with the highest such ratios.) When focusing on all trailing time periods from one- to 12 months, I found no statistically significant correlation between inflation and the relative performance of value and growth stocks.</p><p><blockquote>不是这样的。为了得出这个违反直觉的结论，我分析了自1926年以来美国价值型和成长型股票的月回报率，数据来自达特茅斯学院金融学教授肯·弗伦奇。（具体来说，价值股投资组合包含美国市场账面/市值比率最低的30%，而成长股投资组合包含此类比率最高的30%。）当关注从1个月到12个月的所有跟踪时间段时，我发现通货膨胀与价值股和成长股的相对表现之间没有统计上显着的相关性。</blockquote></p><p> Even more surprising is what emerged when focusing on the relationship between interest rates and value’s performance relative to growth: I found an inverse correlation. That is just the opposite of what we saw over the past couple of months, and the opposite of what conventional wisdom teaches us about how value stocks should perform in a rising interest rate environment.</p><p><blockquote>更令人惊讶的是，当我关注利率和价值相对于增长的表现之间的关系时，我发现了负相关。这与我们过去几个月所看到的恰恰相反，也与传统智慧告诉我们的价值股在利率上升的环境中应该如何表现的观点相反。</blockquote></p><p> My analysis doesn’t suggest that investors should now do the opposite, betting on value when previously they bet on growth, or vice versa. The point of this analysis is that there’s an unsteady and often insignificant historical relationship between inflation and interest rates, on the one hand, and the stock market and value’s performance relative to growth, on the other.</p><p><blockquote>我的分析并不表明投资者现在应该反其道而行之，在之前押注增长时押注价值，反之亦然。这一分析的要点是，一方面，通货膨胀和利率与股票市场和价值相对于增长的表现之间存在不稳定且往往微不足道的历史关系。</blockquote></p><p> Short-term stock-market timers need to look elsewhere for stronger clues as to where the market is headed.</p><p><blockquote>短期股市计时器需要在其他地方寻找有关市场走向的更强有力的线索。</blockquote></p><p></p>","source":"lsy1603348471595","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Here’s what inflation’s spike means for stocks now<blockquote>这就是通胀飙升对股市的意义</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nHere’s what inflation’s spike means for stocks now<blockquote>这就是通胀飙升对股市的意义</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">MarketWatch</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-06-29 23:12</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>Expectations about inflation’s short-term impact on growth- and value stocks have no historical basis</p><p><blockquote>关于通胀对成长股和价值股的短期影响的预期没有历史依据</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a11ddc0063c90ff3e9f3bfe11e8ad739\" tg-width=\"1260\" tg-height=\"850\"><span>AGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>法新社/盖蒂图片社</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Don’t look to the latest inflation figures to help you time the U.S. stock market’s near-term ups and downs.</p><p><blockquote>不要指望最新的通胀数据来帮助您把握美国股市近期涨跌的时机。</blockquote></p><p> That’s worth keeping in mind because, based on recent experience, you’d be excused for thinking that inflation plays a powerful role in the stock market’s shorter-term gyrations. During the inflation scare between mid-April and mid-May, for example, value stocks outperformed growth stocks — just as conventional wisdom would expect. Since mid-May, inflation worries have receded and value stocks have lagged.</p><p><blockquote>这一点值得记住，因为根据最近的经验，你可以情有可原地认为通货膨胀在股市的短期波动中发挥着重要作用。例如，在4月中旬至5月中旬的通胀恐慌期间，价值股的表现优于成长股——正如传统观点所预期的那样。5月中旬以来，通胀担忧消退，价值股表现落后。</blockquote></p><p> It doesn’t always work out this neatly. In fact, I could find no noteworthy historical relationship between inflation’s short-term trend and the performance of either the stock market as a whole or the relative performance of value- and growth stocks.</p><p><blockquote>事情并不总是这么顺利。事实上，我找不到通胀的短期趋势与整个股市的表现或价值型和成长型股票的相对表现之间有任何值得注意的历史关系。</blockquote></p><p> To search for such correlations, I started by analyzing monthly inflation, interest rates and stock market data from Yale University finance professor Robert Shiller going back to 1871. I calculated the correlation coefficients between inflation and the S&amp;P 500&nbsp;over different short-term periods extending from the trailing one month to trailing 12 months.</p><p><blockquote>为了寻找这种相关性，我首先分析了耶鲁大学金融学教授罗伯特·希勒(Robert Shiller)自1871年以来的每月通胀、利率和股市数据。我计算了从过去一个月到过去12个月的不同短期时期内通胀与标普500之间的相关系数。</blockquote></p><p> I largely came up empty. Consider the extent to which changes in the CPI explain or predict simultaneous changes in the S&amp;P 500 (as measured by a statistic known as r-squared). Regardless of the time horizon between one- and 12 months, the CPI (or its predecessor) since 1871 has been able to predict no more than 4% of the S&amp;P 500’s gyrations. (Note carefully that, when measuring these correlations, I focused on the S&amp;P 500’s inflation-adjusted total return so as not to bias my calculations.)</p><p><blockquote>我基本上一无所获。考虑CPI的变化在多大程度上解释或预测了标普500的同时变化（通过称为r平方的统计数据来衡量）。无论1个月到12个月之间的时间范围如何，自1871年以来，CPI（或其前身）能够预测的标普500波动不超过4%。（请注意，在衡量这些相关性时，我关注的是标普500经通胀调整后的总回报，以免影响我的计算。）</blockquote></p><p> One of the reasons for the absence of a strong correlation is that the stock market has a love-hate relationship with inflation. When investors are more worried about economic weakness, or even deflation, higher inflation is sometimes seen as a good thing. At other times inflation and stocks are inversely correlated.</p><p><blockquote>缺乏强相关性的原因之一是股市与通胀又爱又恨。当投资者更担心经济疲软，甚至通货紧缩时，更高的通胀有时被视为一件好事。在其他时候，通货膨胀和股票呈负相关。</blockquote></p><p> This fluctuating correlation is illustrated in the chart below, which tracks the correlation coefficient between the CPI and the S&amp;P 500’s inflation-adjusted total return over the trailing 12 months. Notice the absence of any consistent relationship.</p><p><blockquote>下图说明了这种波动的相关性，该图表跟踪了过去12个月CPI与标普500经通胀调整后的总回报之间的相关系数。注意没有任何一致的关系。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/12ac0cc9ed7a8d766f3308cbf6daeaf5\" tg-width=\"1260\" tg-height=\"882\"></p><p><blockquote></blockquote></p><p> As a double-check on this surprising conclusion, I reran my analysis focusing on interest rates rather than the CPI. That’s revealing because interest rates reflect not only recent changes in inflation but also expected future inflation. The correlations between short-term movements in interest rates and the stock market were even weaker than when I focused on inflation.</p><p><blockquote>为了仔细检查这个令人惊讶的结论，我重新运行了我的分析，重点是利率而不是CPI。这很有启发性，因为利率不仅反映了近期通胀的变化，还反映了预期的未来通胀。短期利率变动与股市之间的相关性甚至比我关注通胀时还要弱。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Value vs. growth when inflation and interest rates rise</b></p><p><blockquote><b>通货膨胀和利率上升时的价值与增长</b></blockquote></p><p> What about value’s performance relative to growth? Surely it historically has followed the same pattern we’ve seen over the past couple of months?</p><p><blockquote>价值相对于增长的表现如何？从历史上看，它肯定遵循了我们在过去几个月中看到的相同模式吗？</blockquote></p><p> Not so. To reach that counterintuitive conclusion, I analyzed the monthly returns of U.S. value and growth stocks since 1926, courtesy of data from Dartmouth College finance professor Ken French. (Specifically, the value stock portfolio contained the 30% of the U.S. market with the lowest book/market ratios, while the growth stock portfolio contained the 30% with the highest such ratios.) When focusing on all trailing time periods from one- to 12 months, I found no statistically significant correlation between inflation and the relative performance of value and growth stocks.</p><p><blockquote>不是这样的。为了得出这个违反直觉的结论，我分析了自1926年以来美国价值型和成长型股票的月回报率，数据来自达特茅斯学院金融学教授肯·弗伦奇。（具体来说，价值股投资组合包含美国市场账面/市值比率最低的30%，而成长股投资组合包含此类比率最高的30%。）当关注从1个月到12个月的所有跟踪时间段时，我发现通货膨胀与价值股和成长股的相对表现之间没有统计上显着的相关性。</blockquote></p><p> Even more surprising is what emerged when focusing on the relationship between interest rates and value’s performance relative to growth: I found an inverse correlation. That is just the opposite of what we saw over the past couple of months, and the opposite of what conventional wisdom teaches us about how value stocks should perform in a rising interest rate environment.</p><p><blockquote>更令人惊讶的是，当我关注利率和价值相对于增长的表现之间的关系时，我发现了负相关。这与我们过去几个月所看到的恰恰相反，也与传统智慧告诉我们的价值股在利率上升的环境中应该如何表现的观点相反。</blockquote></p><p> My analysis doesn’t suggest that investors should now do the opposite, betting on value when previously they bet on growth, or vice versa. The point of this analysis is that there’s an unsteady and often insignificant historical relationship between inflation and interest rates, on the one hand, and the stock market and value’s performance relative to growth, on the other.</p><p><blockquote>我的分析并不表明投资者现在应该反其道而行之，在之前押注增长时押注价值，反之亦然。这一分析的要点是，一方面，通货膨胀和利率与股票市场和价值相对于增长的表现之间存在不稳定且往往微不足道的历史关系。</blockquote></p><p> Short-term stock-market timers need to look elsewhere for stronger clues as to where the market is headed.</p><p><blockquote>短期股市计时器需要在其他地方寻找有关市场走向的更强有力的线索。</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/heres-what-inflations-spike-means-for-stocks-now-11624928059?mod=home-page\">MarketWatch</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{".SPX":"S&P 500 Index",".DJI":"道琼斯",".IXIC":"NASDAQ Composite"},"source_url":"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/heres-what-inflations-spike-means-for-stocks-now-11624928059?mod=home-page","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1180006824","content_text":"Expectations about inflation’s short-term impact on growth- and value stocks have no historical basis\nAGENCE FRANCE-PRESSE/GETTY IMAGES\nDon’t look to the latest inflation figures to help you time the U.S. stock market’s near-term ups and downs.\nThat’s worth keeping in mind because, based on recent experience, you’d be excused for thinking that inflation plays a powerful role in the stock market’s shorter-term gyrations. During the inflation scare between mid-April and mid-May, for example, value stocks outperformed growth stocks — just as conventional wisdom would expect. Since mid-May, inflation worries have receded and value stocks have lagged.\nIt doesn’t always work out this neatly. In fact, I could find no noteworthy historical relationship between inflation’s short-term trend and the performance of either the stock market as a whole or the relative performance of value- and growth stocks.\nTo search for such correlations, I started by analyzing monthly inflation, interest rates and stock market data from Yale University finance professor Robert Shiller going back to 1871. I calculated the correlation coefficients between inflation and the S&P 500 over different short-term periods extending from the trailing one month to trailing 12 months.\nI largely came up empty. Consider the extent to which changes in the CPI explain or predict simultaneous changes in the S&P 500 (as measured by a statistic known as r-squared). Regardless of the time horizon between one- and 12 months, the CPI (or its predecessor) since 1871 has been able to predict no more than 4% of the S&P 500’s gyrations. (Note carefully that, when measuring these correlations, I focused on the S&P 500’s inflation-adjusted total return so as not to bias my calculations.)\nOne of the reasons for the absence of a strong correlation is that the stock market has a love-hate relationship with inflation. When investors are more worried about economic weakness, or even deflation, higher inflation is sometimes seen as a good thing. At other times inflation and stocks are inversely correlated.\nThis fluctuating correlation is illustrated in the chart below, which tracks the correlation coefficient between the CPI and the S&P 500’s inflation-adjusted total return over the trailing 12 months. Notice the absence of any consistent relationship.\n\nAs a double-check on this surprising conclusion, I reran my analysis focusing on interest rates rather than the CPI. That’s revealing because interest rates reflect not only recent changes in inflation but also expected future inflation. The correlations between short-term movements in interest rates and the stock market were even weaker than when I focused on inflation.\nValue vs. growth when inflation and interest rates rise\nWhat about value’s performance relative to growth? Surely it historically has followed the same pattern we’ve seen over the past couple of months?\nNot so. To reach that counterintuitive conclusion, I analyzed the monthly returns of U.S. value and growth stocks since 1926, courtesy of data from Dartmouth College finance professor Ken French. (Specifically, the value stock portfolio contained the 30% of the U.S. market with the lowest book/market ratios, while the growth stock portfolio contained the 30% with the highest such ratios.) When focusing on all trailing time periods from one- to 12 months, I found no statistically significant correlation between inflation and the relative performance of value and growth stocks.\nEven more surprising is what emerged when focusing on the relationship between interest rates and value’s performance relative to growth: I found an inverse correlation. That is just the opposite of what we saw over the past couple of months, and the opposite of what conventional wisdom teaches us about how value stocks should perform in a rising interest rate environment.\nMy analysis doesn’t suggest that investors should now do the opposite, betting on value when previously they bet on growth, or vice versa. The point of this analysis is that there’s an unsteady and often insignificant historical relationship between inflation and interest rates, on the one hand, and the stock market and value’s performance relative to growth, on the other.\nShort-term stock-market timers need to look elsewhere for stronger clues as to where the market is headed.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{".IXIC":0.9,".SPX":0.9,".DJI":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":399,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":165863455,"gmtCreate":1624116899877,"gmtModify":1634010558112,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Like and commenyt","listText":"Like and commenyt","text":"Like and commenyt","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":4,"commentSize":3,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/165863455","repostId":"1161408410","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":657,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":819415241,"gmtCreate":1630086732283,"gmtModify":1704955820493,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Aa","listText":"Aa","text":"Aa","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/819415241","repostId":"1123342356","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2938,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":804964481,"gmtCreate":1627916918343,"gmtModify":1633755272709,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Ah","listText":"Ah","text":"Ah","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":7,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/804964481","repostId":"1172320411","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":755,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":129224873,"gmtCreate":1624374648392,"gmtModify":1634007042810,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Like and comment","listText":"Like and comment","text":"Like and comment","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":7,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/129224873","repostId":"2145056554","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":411,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":184971298,"gmtCreate":1623682511914,"gmtModify":1634030117160,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Like and comment","listText":"Like and comment","text":"Like and comment","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":3,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/184971298","repostId":"2143780690","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":217,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":183540165,"gmtCreate":1623337408757,"gmtModify":1634034398719,"author":{"id":"3586080725811051","authorId":"3586080725811051","name":"kevE","avatar":"https://static.laohu8.com/default-avatar.jpg","crmLevel":2,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"3586080725811051","authorIdStr":"3586080725811051"},"themes":[],"title":"","htmlText":"Like and comment","listText":"Like and comment","text":"Like and comment","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":3,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/183540165","repostId":"1194916539","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1194916539","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1623336852,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1194916539?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-06-10 22:54","market":"us","language":"en","title":"\"Ethical Failures\": Tesla Dropped From Sustainability ETF Due To Environmental, Labor Concerns<blockquote>“道德失败”：由于环境和劳工问题，特斯拉退出可持续发展ETF</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1194916539","media":"zerohedge","summary":"Australian fund manager BetaShares has officially dropped Tesla from its sustainability exchange-tra","content":"<p>Australian fund manager BetaShares has officially dropped Tesla from its&nbsp;sustainability exchange-traded fund.</p><p><blockquote>澳大利亚基金管理公司BetaShares已正式将特斯拉从其可持续发展交易所交易基金中剔除。</blockquote></p><p> Chief Investment Officer Louis Crous said the company - which normally would be a mainstay in most \"sustainability\" funds - was dropped because of \"ethical failures\" on the part of Tesla, according toBusiness Insider.</p><p><blockquote>据Business Insider报道，首席投资官Louis Crous表示，该公司通常是大多数“可持续发展”基金的中流砥柱，但由于特斯拉方面的“道德失败”而被放弃。</blockquote></p><p> “Tesla is still definitely a carbon leader…but it has fallen foul of our [environmental, social and governance] screens which resulted in its removal,” he told BI.</p><p><blockquote>“特斯拉绝对仍然是碳排放领导者……但它与我们的[环境、社会和治理]屏幕相冲突，导致其被删除，”他告诉BI。</blockquote></p><p> He continued:&nbsp;“During May last year at the height of the COVID pandemic,&nbsp;Tesla reopened its factory&nbsp;in Fremont, California, despite the orders of the local authorities, resulting in quite a large number of COVID cases.&nbsp;New reports have indicated that there was a significantly larger outbreak than was previously reported, so we have numbers from one to 50 COVID cases related to the factory.”</p><p><blockquote>他继续说道：“去年5月，在COVID大流行最严重的时候，特斯拉不顾当地政府的命令，重新开放了其位于加州Fremont的工厂，导致了相当多的COVID病例。新的报告表明，疫情比之前报道的要大得多，因此我们有1到50例与该工厂有关的COVID病例。”</blockquote></p><p> The investment officer said he had been mulling the move \"for a while\" and finally dumped its $60 million stake after&nbsp;“new evidence came to light” and “controversies and reputation issues” arose.</p><p><blockquote>这位投资官员表示，他已经考虑此举“一段时间”，在“新证据曝光”和“争议和声誉问题”出现后，最终抛售了价值6000万美元的股份。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e21c2d691ff8e3dbb616f68cf374ab4a\" tg-width=\"500\" tg-height=\"319\">The fund also took exception with Tesla's environmental impact in Germany, where it is building a Gigafactory.</p><p><blockquote>该基金还对特斯拉在德国的环境影响表示反对，该公司正在德国建设一座超级工厂。</blockquote></p><p> Crous noted:&nbsp;“German media reports that Tesla’s factory in Brandenburg will consume about 3.6 million cubic metres of water per year, which is roughly around 30% of the total water in the region. Some experts believe this will lead to restrictions on drinking water.”</p><p><blockquote>Crous指出：“德国媒体报道称，特斯拉位于勃兰登堡州的工厂每年将消耗约360万立方米的水，这大约是该地区用水总量的30%左右。一些专家认为这将导致饮用水受到限制。”</blockquote></p><p> He continued:&nbsp;“In December 2020, NGO the Tech Transparency Project alleged Tesla has been linked through its supply chain to Lens Technology, which in turn is facing allegations of directly benefiting form the use of state-sponsored forced labor provided by Uighurs and other minority Muslim groups in China. At the end of the day, these are things we don’t really want to compromise on.”</p><p><blockquote>他继续说道：“2020年12月，非政府组织科技透明项目指控特斯拉通过其供应链与Lens Technology有联系，而Lens Technology又面临直接受益于使用维吾尔族和其他少数民族提供的国家支持的强迫劳动的指控。归根结底，这些都是我们不想妥协的事情。”</blockquote></p><p> BetaShares says the tone at Tesla starts at the top, and told BI that Musk's behavior&nbsp;“does make a difference”. The fund says it reached out to Tesla with its concerns but has not received any response.</p><p><blockquote>BetaShares表示，特斯拉的语气从高层开始，并告诉BI，马斯克的行为“确实有所不同”。该基金表示，它已向特斯拉表达了担忧，但尚未收到任何回应。</blockquote></p><p> Meanwhile, in its place, the fund still holds shares of Toyota. Crous concluded:&nbsp;“Toyota will remain in place because they haven’t been screened out for other reasons and that’s the only way you can look at it. Now, on the surface it might not seem like it represents the portfolio from that perspective, but this fund is more than just an environmental product offering.”</p><p><blockquote>与此同时，该基金仍持有丰田股票。克劳斯总结道：“丰田将留在原地，因为他们没有因其他原因被筛选出来，这是你看待它的唯一方式。现在，从表面上看，它似乎并不代表从这个角度来看的投资组合，但这只基金不仅仅是一种环保产品。”</blockquote></p><p></p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>\"Ethical Failures\": Tesla Dropped From Sustainability ETF Due To Environmental, Labor Concerns<blockquote>“道德失败”：由于环境和劳工问题，特斯拉退出可持续发展ETF</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n\"Ethical Failures\": Tesla Dropped From Sustainability ETF Due To Environmental, Labor Concerns<blockquote>“道德失败”：由于环境和劳工问题，特斯拉退出可持续发展ETF</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">zerohedge</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-06-10 22:54</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>Australian fund manager BetaShares has officially dropped Tesla from its&nbsp;sustainability exchange-traded fund.</p><p><blockquote>澳大利亚基金管理公司BetaShares已正式将特斯拉从其可持续发展交易所交易基金中剔除。</blockquote></p><p> Chief Investment Officer Louis Crous said the company - which normally would be a mainstay in most \"sustainability\" funds - was dropped because of \"ethical failures\" on the part of Tesla, according toBusiness Insider.</p><p><blockquote>据Business Insider报道，首席投资官Louis Crous表示，该公司通常是大多数“可持续发展”基金的中流砥柱，但由于特斯拉方面的“道德失败”而被放弃。</blockquote></p><p> “Tesla is still definitely a carbon leader…but it has fallen foul of our [environmental, social and governance] screens which resulted in its removal,” he told BI.</p><p><blockquote>“特斯拉绝对仍然是碳排放领导者……但它与我们的[环境、社会和治理]屏幕相冲突，导致其被删除，”他告诉BI。</blockquote></p><p> He continued:&nbsp;“During May last year at the height of the COVID pandemic,&nbsp;Tesla reopened its factory&nbsp;in Fremont, California, despite the orders of the local authorities, resulting in quite a large number of COVID cases.&nbsp;New reports have indicated that there was a significantly larger outbreak than was previously reported, so we have numbers from one to 50 COVID cases related to the factory.”</p><p><blockquote>他继续说道：“去年5月，在COVID大流行最严重的时候，特斯拉不顾当地政府的命令，重新开放了其位于加州Fremont的工厂，导致了相当多的COVID病例。新的报告表明，疫情比之前报道的要大得多，因此我们有1到50例与该工厂有关的COVID病例。”</blockquote></p><p> The investment officer said he had been mulling the move \"for a while\" and finally dumped its $60 million stake after&nbsp;“new evidence came to light” and “controversies and reputation issues” arose.</p><p><blockquote>这位投资官员表示，他已经考虑此举“一段时间”，在“新证据曝光”和“争议和声誉问题”出现后，最终抛售了价值6000万美元的股份。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e21c2d691ff8e3dbb616f68cf374ab4a\" tg-width=\"500\" tg-height=\"319\">The fund also took exception with Tesla's environmental impact in Germany, where it is building a Gigafactory.</p><p><blockquote>该基金还对特斯拉在德国的环境影响表示反对，该公司正在德国建设一座超级工厂。</blockquote></p><p> Crous noted:&nbsp;“German media reports that Tesla’s factory in Brandenburg will consume about 3.6 million cubic metres of water per year, which is roughly around 30% of the total water in the region. Some experts believe this will lead to restrictions on drinking water.”</p><p><blockquote>Crous指出：“德国媒体报道称，特斯拉位于勃兰登堡州的工厂每年将消耗约360万立方米的水，这大约是该地区用水总量的30%左右。一些专家认为这将导致饮用水受到限制。”</blockquote></p><p> He continued:&nbsp;“In December 2020, NGO the Tech Transparency Project alleged Tesla has been linked through its supply chain to Lens Technology, which in turn is facing allegations of directly benefiting form the use of state-sponsored forced labor provided by Uighurs and other minority Muslim groups in China. At the end of the day, these are things we don’t really want to compromise on.”</p><p><blockquote>他继续说道：“2020年12月，非政府组织科技透明项目指控特斯拉通过其供应链与Lens Technology有联系，而Lens Technology又面临直接受益于使用维吾尔族和其他少数民族提供的国家支持的强迫劳动的指控。归根结底，这些都是我们不想妥协的事情。”</blockquote></p><p> BetaShares says the tone at Tesla starts at the top, and told BI that Musk's behavior&nbsp;“does make a difference”. The fund says it reached out to Tesla with its concerns but has not received any response.</p><p><blockquote>BetaShares表示，特斯拉的语气从高层开始，并告诉BI，马斯克的行为“确实有所不同”。该基金表示，它已向特斯拉表达了担忧，但尚未收到任何回应。</blockquote></p><p> Meanwhile, in its place, the fund still holds shares of Toyota. Crous concluded:&nbsp;“Toyota will remain in place because they haven’t been screened out for other reasons and that’s the only way you can look at it. Now, on the surface it might not seem like it represents the portfolio from that perspective, but this fund is more than just an environmental product offering.”</p><p><blockquote>与此同时，该基金仍持有丰田股票。克劳斯总结道：“丰田将留在原地，因为他们没有因其他原因被筛选出来，这是你看待它的唯一方式。现在，从表面上看，它似乎并不代表从这个角度来看的投资组合，但这只基金不仅仅是一种环保产品。”</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/ethical-failures-tesla-dropped-australian-sustainability-etf-due-environmental-and-labor?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+zerohedge%2Ffeed+%28zero+hedge+-+on+a+long+enough+timeline%2C+the+survival+rate+for+everyone+drops+to+zero%29\">zerohedge</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"TSLA":"特斯拉"},"source_url":"https://www.zerohedge.com/markets/ethical-failures-tesla-dropped-australian-sustainability-etf-due-environmental-and-labor?utm_source=feedburner&utm_medium=feed&utm_campaign=Feed%3A+zerohedge%2Ffeed+%28zero+hedge+-+on+a+long+enough+timeline%2C+the+survival+rate+for+everyone+drops+to+zero%29","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1194916539","content_text":"Australian fund manager BetaShares has officially dropped Tesla from its sustainability exchange-traded fund.\nChief Investment Officer Louis Crous said the company - which normally would be a mainstay in most \"sustainability\" funds - was dropped because of \"ethical failures\" on the part of Tesla, according toBusiness Insider.\n“Tesla is still definitely a carbon leader…but it has fallen foul of our [environmental, social and governance] screens which resulted in its removal,” he told BI.\nHe continued: “During May last year at the height of the COVID pandemic, Tesla reopened its factory in Fremont, California, despite the orders of the local authorities, resulting in quite a large number of COVID cases. New reports have indicated that there was a significantly larger outbreak than was previously reported, so we have numbers from one to 50 COVID cases related to the factory.”\nThe investment officer said he had been mulling the move \"for a while\" and finally dumped its $60 million stake after “new evidence came to light” and “controversies and reputation issues” arose.\nThe fund also took exception with Tesla's environmental impact in Germany, where it is building a Gigafactory.\nCrous noted: “German media reports that Tesla’s factory in Brandenburg will consume about 3.6 million cubic metres of water per year, which is roughly around 30% of the total water in the region. Some experts believe this will lead to restrictions on drinking water.”\nHe continued: “In December 2020, NGO the Tech Transparency Project alleged Tesla has been linked through its supply chain to Lens Technology, which in turn is facing allegations of directly benefiting form the use of state-sponsored forced labor provided by Uighurs and other minority Muslim groups in China. At the end of the day, these are things we don’t really want to compromise on.”\nBetaShares says the tone at Tesla starts at the top, and told BI that Musk's behavior “does make a difference”. The fund says it reached out to Tesla with its concerns but has not received any response.\nMeanwhile, in its place, the fund still holds shares of Toyota. Crous concluded: “Toyota will remain in place because they haven’t been screened out for other reasons and that’s the only way you can look at it. Now, on the surface it might not seem like it represents the portfolio from that perspective, but this fund is more than just an environmental product offering.”","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"TSLA":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":459,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0}],"lives":[]}