SiasGe的个人主页 - 老虎社区

SiasGe

SiasGe

个人简介：人不死，票不卖，主打长期持有！

IP属地：福建

27关注

10粉丝

8主题

0勋章

04-02

又要起飞🛫了

01-23

$Phunware, Inc.(PHUN)$ 今晚到1

2023-12-06

已购入0.7个大饼，赢麻了[财迷]

2023-09-11

$蔚来(NIO)$ 继续跌，到1以下↓就可以加仓了[喷血]

2023-09-06

$腾讯控股(00700)$ 垃圾股，恶心🤢

2023-09-05

$TSLA 20231215 300.0 CALL$ 翻倍就出！

2023-09-01

最佳投资组合：美股+数字货币！

2023-08-24

$TSLA 20231215 250.0 CALL$ 翻倍就出[财迷]

2023-04-13

看到他们对着我笑，有点瘆得慌[嘘]

2023-01-24

$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ 新年红包，谢谢贾老板

2022-12-16

$特斯拉(TSLA)$ 这是要奔着100去了，赶快换CEO吧[喷血]

2022-12-13

$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ 赢麻了

2022-12-12

$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ all in，要不会所嫩模&要不下海当鸭

2022-12-01

$蔚来(NIO)$ 长期持有[财迷]

2022-11-30

$TSLA 20230120 233.33 CALL$ $TSLA 20230120 233.33 CALL$ 买入看涨期权！

2022-11-29

$腾讯控股(00700)$ 来一手看空期权！

2022-11-25

你抄她低，她抄你家！[喷血]

2022-11-04

$蔚来(NIO)$今晚吃肉

2022-10-14

活的比我好，我就受不了！[笑哭]

争议不断的宁德时代：研发太少，赚得太多？

2022-10-07

$蔚来(NIO)$现在这种情况，适合买一手长远看涨期权，2015年能到35刀[得意]

去老虎APP查看更多动态

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23:02","market":"sh","language":"zh","title":"争议不断的宁德时代：研发太少，赚得太多？","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1172429192","media":"豹变","summary":"宁德时代的研发和盈利，一直是个魔幻话题。宁王，到底该如何解读？自从被股民们戏谑的称为宁王，宁德时代的争议一直没有断过。一季度因为上游原材料的暴涨，毛利率下降，不少人议论宁德时代没有话语权，涨价无法传导","content":"<html><head></head><body><blockquote><a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300750\">宁德时代</a>的研发和盈利，一直是个魔幻话题。宁王，到底该如何解读？</blockquote><p>自从被股民们戏谑的称为宁王，宁德时代的争议一直没有断过。一季度因为上游原材料的暴涨，毛利率下降，不少人议论宁德时代没有话语权，涨价无法传导给车企。中报业绩向好，不少人议论宁德时代赚的太多，更有车企大佬称给宁德时代打工。</p><p>而近日宁德时代公布了亮眼的三季报成绩，又有许多人批评宁德时代此前的言论在盈利边缘挣扎十分虚伪。不仅如此，宁德时代的科技属性也让质疑，“研发费用比不上小米，也好意思称科技企业”？</p><p>这已并非是一句人红是非多可以解释，到底哪个才是宁德时代的真面目，不妨一探究竟。</p><p><b>不赚钱该打，赚钱更有罪？</b></p><p>第三季度，宁德时代归母净利润达88亿-98亿元，较上年同期增长169.33% - 199.94%，超今年上半年净利润总和（81.68亿元），创历史新高。这是一份超预期的财报——消息发布后，宁德时代连续两天涨幅超5%，两根明晃晃的大阳线，引人遐想。各券商也纷纷上调了宁王全年的盈利预测。</p><p>让人意想不到的是，骂声也随之而来，有些声音认为，宁德时代一边装惨哭穷，一边挣了大钱，企业不讲诚信。</p><p>首先有一点需要明确的是，<b>企业的最大社会责任就是在对社会公众负责的前提下利润最大化，为股东赚钱。</b>当前，汇率风险加大，劳动力成本上升，原材料成本上升，能源价格上升，可以说企业的经营正在面临越来越多的挑战，在这样的环境下，企业盈利，带来更多的就业机会，赚钱岂能有罪？</p><p>而在这些声音的背后，其实人们是在为车企打抱不平，“车企都没赚钱，宁德时代作为零部件凭什么赚钱，车企作为终端链主，沦为了宁德时代的打工人”，更深层次的不满其实是认为宁德时代攫取了产业链的利润，让车企无钱可挣。</p><p>其实，一张表格就能够说明问题，到底是谁把产业链的钱赚走了，宁德时代仅仅11.97%的净利率就让车企跳脚，那这些躺着就挣大把钞票的矿产企业，应该说，明明可以抢，你却还要给些碳酸锂。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7e3ba16188ac2282f82704972a5d6404\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"681\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>反过来说宁德时代，身处当前最炙手可热的产业赛道，作为动力电池的全球五连冠，全球市场占有率接近40%，按照净利润估算，今年前三个季度的营收就足以进入到世界500强。</p><p>不仅如此，宁德时代所处的赛代还是未来确定性极强的高增长赛道，根据弗若斯特沙利文报告，在预测期内，全球新能源乘用车销量预计将以29.8%的复合年增长率增长，预计2026年全球新能源乘用车渗透率将达到30.1%。</p><p>拥有现在和拥有将来的宁德时代，和同样体量的公司相比，宁德时代对利润的追求不仅不贪婪，反而显得十分克制。<b>对标科技制造龙头企业的净利润来看，<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSM\">台积电</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SMSD.UK\">三星电子</a>2022年上半年的净利率分别为26%、15.63%、42.89%和14.25%。</b>更进一步说，如此大的营收，净利率刚到两位数，宁德时代不是赚取了太多行业利润，恰恰相反，是太少了。</p><p><b>要赚钱还是要研发？</b></p><p>上文写清楚了宁德时代追求利润的克制，或许又有人要说，宁德时代利润低正好说明了宁德时代没有核心竞争力，而驳斥这种观点其实只需要反问一句，在车企都说一电池难求的时候，宁德时代是不是本可以大幅度涨价，就像现在的矿产资源一样，躺着就能赚个盆满钵满？</p><p>事实上，宁德时代能有现在的市场地位，恰恰反映了宁德时代两个考量。<b>一个是企业与产业链均衡发展的考量，一个是外部逐利与提升竞争力之间平衡的考虑。</b></p><p>第二季度和第三季度的盈利足以说明宁德时代有能力向下进行价格传导，而第一季度宁德时代并没有涨价，选择自己消耗了上游的暴涨，相当于在车企之前建立起了一到保护屏障。每年第一季度都是车市淡季，如果宁德时代一季度涨价，车企将面临更困难的境地。</p><p>从另一面讲，宁德时代正在试图在用自己的利润率来对整体产业链进行纠偏，来保证产业的高速发展，虽然初衷肯定是以企业自身利益出发，以求产业高速发展，自身才能谋求更大蛋糕，但是产业链上的每家企业实际都获了利。</p><p>在车企为宁德时代打工言论出来的第二天，高工锂电董事长张小飞说了句公道话，电池厂以及上游负担着中国的能源转型和升级，中国的汽车产业应该感谢锂电产业所有的上游参与者。</p><p>企业盈利的方向有两个，一个是做成本，一个是做价格，前者更多依赖规模，依赖产业的大盘子，这是绝大部分中国企业的发展路径。后者则依赖于产品竞争力，也就是创新优势，这是典型的美国模式。宁德时代是中国为数不多前沿科技创新+制造规模优势两条腿走路的企业，而为了保持企业在技术上的领先，宁德时代需要在赚钱和投资研发创新上找到平衡点。</p><p>长期以来，宁德时代每年拿出营收6%左右的资金做研发，单看数据或许没有感知，放在主机厂里比一比，比绝大部分的主机厂都要多，仅次于<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600104\">上汽集团</a>。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8200d4f1f0c4558de0744eccd585c904\" tg-width=\"544\" tg-height=\"398\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>再看研发费用率，宁德时代并不输于一些核心科技巨头。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7700cb11f1e2268dec537ea4eaf3f955\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"496\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>有关企业研发、投资的意义，系统论中，有一个“成长与投资不足”模型。他说的是，如果企业一开始飞速成长形成正反馈，但如果后续投入不足，那么将触发了一条调节回路，压制企业发展。</p><p>比如某些创始人总爱说，要“还以前欠下的债”，这个“债”，就是今天看来的投资不足，对研发、对产品、对客户服务的投资不足。如何破解？坚持投资自己，并在企业盈利和创新投入之间找到最佳的平衡点。</p><p>否则，<b>企业一定会出现生产力和生产关系不相适应</b>，要不然是研发投入太多，技术领先成果转化慢，企业无法从营收中可持续的进行研发投入，要不然就是研发投入不足，产品力逐渐下降，导致市占率萎缩。</p><p>宁德时代要在研发上年投入上百亿，要在全球十三个基地上投入建设，要养数万名工人和员工，要应对上游的材料的暴涨，还要保证合理的利润。宁德时代说自己在盈利边缘挣扎不是假话，而是大实话。</p><p>如果宁德时代这样的企业在产业链上吃不到肉，那怕是产业链将来连汤都喝不到了。</p></body></html>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" 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margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n争议不断的宁德时代：研发太少，赚得太多？\n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n<a class=\"head\" href=\"https://laohu8.com/wemedia/1099700147\">\n\n\n<div class=\"h-thumb\" style=\"background-image:url(https://static.tigerbbs.com/524ae85df6244d238314a4bd6c916bb7);background-size:cover;\"></div>\n\n<div class=\"h-content\">\n<p class=\"h-name\">豹变 </p>\n<p class=\"h-time\">2022-10-14 23:02</p>\n</div>\n\n</a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<html><head></head><body><blockquote><a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/300750\">宁德时代</a>的研发和盈利，一直是个魔幻话题。宁王，到底该如何解读？</blockquote><p>自从被股民们戏谑的称为宁王，宁德时代的争议一直没有断过。一季度因为上游原材料的暴涨，毛利率下降，不少人议论宁德时代没有话语权，涨价无法传导给车企。中报业绩向好，不少人议论宁德时代赚的太多，更有车企大佬称给宁德时代打工。</p><p>而近日宁德时代公布了亮眼的三季报成绩，又有许多人批评宁德时代此前的言论在盈利边缘挣扎十分虚伪。不仅如此，宁德时代的科技属性也让质疑，“研发费用比不上小米，也好意思称科技企业”？</p><p>这已并非是一句人红是非多可以解释，到底哪个才是宁德时代的真面目，不妨一探究竟。</p><p><b>不赚钱该打，赚钱更有罪？</b></p><p>第三季度，宁德时代归母净利润达88亿-98亿元，较上年同期增长169.33% - 199.94%，超今年上半年净利润总和（81.68亿元），创历史新高。这是一份超预期的财报——消息发布后，宁德时代连续两天涨幅超5%，两根明晃晃的大阳线，引人遐想。各券商也纷纷上调了宁王全年的盈利预测。</p><p>让人意想不到的是，骂声也随之而来，有些声音认为，宁德时代一边装惨哭穷，一边挣了大钱，企业不讲诚信。</p><p>首先有一点需要明确的是，<b>企业的最大社会责任就是在对社会公众负责的前提下利润最大化，为股东赚钱。</b>当前，汇率风险加大，劳动力成本上升，原材料成本上升，能源价格上升，可以说企业的经营正在面临越来越多的挑战，在这样的环境下，企业盈利，带来更多的就业机会，赚钱岂能有罪？</p><p>而在这些声音的背后，其实人们是在为车企打抱不平，“车企都没赚钱，宁德时代作为零部件凭什么赚钱，车企作为终端链主，沦为了宁德时代的打工人”，更深层次的不满其实是认为宁德时代攫取了产业链的利润，让车企无钱可挣。</p><p>其实，一张表格就能够说明问题，到底是谁把产业链的钱赚走了，宁德时代仅仅11.97%的净利率就让车企跳脚，那这些躺着就挣大把钞票的矿产企业，应该说，明明可以抢，你却还要给些碳酸锂。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7e3ba16188ac2282f82704972a5d6404\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"681\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>反过来说宁德时代，身处当前最炙手可热的产业赛道，作为动力电池的全球五连冠，全球市场占有率接近40%，按照净利润估算，今年前三个季度的营收就足以进入到世界500强。</p><p>不仅如此，宁德时代所处的赛代还是未来确定性极强的高增长赛道，根据弗若斯特沙利文报告，在预测期内，全球新能源乘用车销量预计将以29.8%的复合年增长率增长，预计2026年全球新能源乘用车渗透率将达到30.1%。</p><p>拥有现在和拥有将来的宁德时代，和同样体量的公司相比，宁德时代对利润的追求不仅不贪婪，反而显得十分克制。<b>对标科技制造龙头企业的净利润来看，<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/AAPL\">苹果</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSM\">台积电</a>、<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SMSD.UK\">三星电子</a>2022年上半年的净利率分别为26%、15.63%、42.89%和14.25%。</b>更进一步说，如此大的营收，净利率刚到两位数，宁德时代不是赚取了太多行业利润，恰恰相反，是太少了。</p><p><b>要赚钱还是要研发？</b></p><p>上文写清楚了宁德时代追求利润的克制，或许又有人要说，宁德时代利润低正好说明了宁德时代没有核心竞争力，而驳斥这种观点其实只需要反问一句，在车企都说一电池难求的时候，宁德时代是不是本可以大幅度涨价，就像现在的矿产资源一样，躺着就能赚个盆满钵满？</p><p>事实上，宁德时代能有现在的市场地位，恰恰反映了宁德时代两个考量。<b>一个是企业与产业链均衡发展的考量，一个是外部逐利与提升竞争力之间平衡的考虑。</b></p><p>第二季度和第三季度的盈利足以说明宁德时代有能力向下进行价格传导，而第一季度宁德时代并没有涨价，选择自己消耗了上游的暴涨，相当于在车企之前建立起了一到保护屏障。每年第一季度都是车市淡季，如果宁德时代一季度涨价，车企将面临更困难的境地。</p><p>从另一面讲，宁德时代正在试图在用自己的利润率来对整体产业链进行纠偏，来保证产业的高速发展，虽然初衷肯定是以企业自身利益出发，以求产业高速发展，自身才能谋求更大蛋糕，但是产业链上的每家企业实际都获了利。</p><p>在车企为宁德时代打工言论出来的第二天，高工锂电董事长张小飞说了句公道话，电池厂以及上游负担着中国的能源转型和升级，中国的汽车产业应该感谢锂电产业所有的上游参与者。</p><p>企业盈利的方向有两个，一个是做成本，一个是做价格，前者更多依赖规模，依赖产业的大盘子，这是绝大部分中国企业的发展路径。后者则依赖于产品竞争力，也就是创新优势，这是典型的美国模式。宁德时代是中国为数不多前沿科技创新+制造规模优势两条腿走路的企业，而为了保持企业在技术上的领先，宁德时代需要在赚钱和投资研发创新上找到平衡点。</p><p>长期以来，宁德时代每年拿出营收6%左右的资金做研发，单看数据或许没有感知，放在主机厂里比一比，比绝大部分的主机厂都要多，仅次于<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/600104\">上汽集团</a>。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8200d4f1f0c4558de0744eccd585c904\" tg-width=\"544\" tg-height=\"398\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>再看研发费用率，宁德时代并不输于一些核心科技巨头。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/7700cb11f1e2268dec537ea4eaf3f955\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"496\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>有关企业研发、投资的意义，系统论中，有一个“成长与投资不足”模型。他说的是，如果企业一开始飞速成长形成正反馈，但如果后续投入不足，那么将触发了一条调节回路，压制企业发展。</p><p>比如某些创始人总爱说，要“还以前欠下的债”，这个“债”，就是今天看来的投资不足，对研发、对产品、对客户服务的投资不足。如何破解？坚持投资自己，并在企业盈利和创新投入之间找到最佳的平衡点。</p><p>否则，<b>企业一定会出现生产力和生产关系不相适应</b>，要不然是研发投入太多，技术领先成果转化慢，企业无法从营收中可持续的进行研发投入，要不然就是研发投入不足，产品力逐渐下降，导致市占率萎缩。</p><p>宁德时代要在研发上年投入上百亿，要在全球十三个基地上投入建设，要养数万名工人和员工，要应对上游的材料的暴涨，还要保证合理的利润。宁德时代说自己在盈利边缘挣扎不是假话，而是大实话。</p><p>如果宁德时代这样的企业在产业链上吃不到肉，那怕是产业链将来连汤都喝不到了。</p></body></html>\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/983e0432c72ee1117f6c5b8a19ed6e25","relate_stocks":{"300750":"宁德时代","BK4141":"半导体产品","BK0224":"电气机械","BK4526":"热门中概股","BK4519":"光伏太阳能","EVS.SI":"MSCI China Electric Vehicles and Future Mobility ETF-NikkoAM","JKS":"晶科能源"},"source_url":"","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1172429192","content_text":"宁德时代的研发和盈利，一直是个魔幻话题。宁王，到底该如何解读？自从被股民们戏谑的称为宁王，宁德时代的争议一直没有断过。一季度因为上游原材料的暴涨，毛利率下降，不少人议论宁德时代没有话语权，涨价无法传导给车企。中报业绩向好，不少人议论宁德时代赚的太多，更有车企大佬称给宁德时代打工。而近日宁德时代公布了亮眼的三季报成绩，又有许多人批评宁德时代此前的言论在盈利边缘挣扎十分虚伪。不仅如此，宁德时代的科技属性也让质疑，“研发费用比不上小米，也好意思称科技企业”？这已并非是一句人红是非多可以解释，到底哪个才是宁德时代的真面目，不妨一探究竟。不赚钱该打，赚钱更有罪？第三季度，宁德时代归母净利润达88亿-98亿元，较上年同期增长169.33% - 199.94%，超今年上半年净利润总和（81.68亿元），创历史新高。这是一份超预期的财报——消息发布后，宁德时代连续两天涨幅超5%，两根明晃晃的大阳线，引人遐想。各券商也纷纷上调了宁王全年的盈利预测。让人意想不到的是，骂声也随之而来，有些声音认为，宁德时代一边装惨哭穷，一边挣了大钱，企业不讲诚信。首先有一点需要明确的是，企业的最大社会责任就是在对社会公众负责的前提下利润最大化，为股东赚钱。当前，汇率风险加大，劳动力成本上升，原材料成本上升，能源价格上升，可以说企业的经营正在面临越来越多的挑战，在这样的环境下，企业盈利，带来更多的就业机会，赚钱岂能有罪？而在这些声音的背后，其实人们是在为车企打抱不平，“车企都没赚钱，宁德时代作为零部件凭什么赚钱，车企作为终端链主，沦为了宁德时代的打工人”，更深层次的不满其实是认为宁德时代攫取了产业链的利润，让车企无钱可挣。其实，一张表格就能够说明问题，到底是谁把产业链的钱赚走了，宁德时代仅仅11.97%的净利率就让车企跳脚，那这些躺着就挣大把钞票的矿产企业，应该说，明明可以抢，你却还要给些碳酸锂。反过来说宁德时代，身处当前最炙手可热的产业赛道，作为动力电池的全球五连冠，全球市场占有率接近40%，按照净利润估算，今年前三个季度的营收就足以进入到世界500强。不仅如此，宁德时代所处的赛代还是未来确定性极强的高增长赛道，根据弗若斯特沙利文报告，在预测期内，全球新能源乘用车销量预计将以29.8%的复合年增长率增长，预计2026年全球新能源乘用车渗透率将达到30.1%。拥有现在和拥有将来的宁德时代，和同样体量的公司相比，宁德时代对利润的追求不仅不贪婪，反而显得十分克制。对标科技制造龙头企业的净利润来看，苹果、特斯拉、台积电、三星电子2022年上半年的净利率分别为26%、15.63%、42.89%和14.25%。更进一步说，如此大的营收，净利率刚到两位数，宁德时代不是赚取了太多行业利润，恰恰相反，是太少了。要赚钱还是要研发？上文写清楚了宁德时代追求利润的克制，或许又有人要说，宁德时代利润低正好说明了宁德时代没有核心竞争力，而驳斥这种观点其实只需要反问一句，在车企都说一电池难求的时候，宁德时代是不是本可以大幅度涨价，就像现在的矿产资源一样，躺着就能赚个盆满钵满？事实上，宁德时代能有现在的市场地位，恰恰反映了宁德时代两个考量。一个是企业与产业链均衡发展的考量，一个是外部逐利与提升竞争力之间平衡的考虑。第二季度和第三季度的盈利足以说明宁德时代有能力向下进行价格传导，而第一季度宁德时代并没有涨价，选择自己消耗了上游的暴涨，相当于在车企之前建立起了一到保护屏障。每年第一季度都是车市淡季，如果宁德时代一季度涨价，车企将面临更困难的境地。从另一面讲，宁德时代正在试图在用自己的利润率来对整体产业链进行纠偏，来保证产业的高速发展，虽然初衷肯定是以企业自身利益出发，以求产业高速发展，自身才能谋求更大蛋糕，但是产业链上的每家企业实际都获了利。在车企为宁德时代打工言论出来的第二天，高工锂电董事长张小飞说了句公道话，电池厂以及上游负担着中国的能源转型和升级，中国的汽车产业应该感谢锂电产业所有的上游参与者。企业盈利的方向有两个，一个是做成本，一个是做价格，前者更多依赖规模，依赖产业的大盘子，这是绝大部分中国企业的发展路径。后者则依赖于产品竞争力，也就是创新优势，这是典型的美国模式。宁德时代是中国为数不多前沿科技创新+制造规模优势两条腿走路的企业，而为了保持企业在技术上的领先，宁德时代需要在赚钱和投资研发创新上找到平衡点。长期以来，宁德时代每年拿出营收6%左右的资金做研发，单看数据或许没有感知，放在主机厂里比一比，比绝大部分的主机厂都要多，仅次于上汽集团。再看研发费用率，宁德时代并不输于一些核心科技巨头。有关企业研发、投资的意义，系统论中，有一个“成长与投资不足”模型。他说的是，如果企业一开始飞速成长形成正反馈，但如果后续投入不足，那么将触发了一条调节回路，压制企业发展。比如某些创始人总爱说，要“还以前欠下的债”，这个“债”，就是今天看来的投资不足，对研发、对产品、对客户服务的投资不足。如何破解？坚持投资自己，并在企业盈利和创新投入之间找到最佳的平衡点。否则，企业一定会出现生产力和生产关系不相适应，要不然是研发投入太多，技术领先成果转化慢，企业无法从营收中可持续的进行研发投入，要不然就是研发投入不足，产品力逐渐下降，导致市占率萎缩。宁德时代要在研发上年投入上百亿，要在全球十三个基地上投入建设，要养数万名工人和员工，要应对上游的材料的暴涨，还要保证合理的利润。宁德时代说自己在盈利边缘挣扎不是假话，而是大实话。如果宁德时代这样的企业在产业链上吃不到肉，那怕是产业链将来连汤都喝不到了。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":656,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":668468752,"gmtCreate":1665072289476,"gmtModify":1665072291355,"author":{"id":"3543317193490222","authorId":"3543317193490222","name":"SiasGe","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1fbf132e2f36e664b306680c0c4ee96d","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":1},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a 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href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/FFIE\">$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ &nbsp;</a>赢麻了","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/FFIE\">$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ &nbsp;</a>赢麻了","text":"$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ 赢麻了","images":[{"img":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/9df14cb19f7b50f6fe6e2a8ea85f60ee","width":"1440","height":"2560"}],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":4,"commentSize":2,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/623044599","isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":4191,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":1,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":669256116,"gmtCreate":1662471369136,"gmtModify":1662471370214,"author":{"id":"3543317193490222","authorId":"3543317193490222","name":"SiasGe","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1fbf132e2f36e664b306680c0c4ee96d","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":1},"themes":[],"htmlText":"我们不也是这样，反正我就是这样的！","listText":"我们不也是这样，反正我就是这样的！","text":"我们不也是这样，反正我就是这样的！","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":6,"commentSize":1,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/669256116","repostId":"1166302246","repostType":4,"repost":{"id":"1166302246","pubTimestamp":1662464310,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1166302246?lang=&edition=full","pubTime":"2022-09-06 19:38","market":"us","language":"zh","title":"疯魔的韩国人！偏爱押注高风险的 “ 赌局 ” ","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1166302246","media":"差评","summary":"韩国股民们为了炒股，彻底疯球了。。。最近承载他们梦想的，是特斯拉 ↓ ↓别以为这只是口嗨，新冠疫情期间，韩国散户买入了 150 亿美元特斯拉股票，成为了特斯拉第七大股东，排在他们前面的是美国道富银行。","content":"<html><head></head><body><p><b>韩国股民们为了炒股，彻底疯球了。。。</b></p><p>最近承载他们梦想的，是<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/TSLA\">特斯拉</a> ↓ ↓</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e5f789a1275c3141fcf5df84498ff798\" tg-width=\"731\" tg-height=\"159\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/fd6cc897405dd3cd6644d87ffc35c12f\" tg-width=\"521\" tg-height=\"144\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/78cad1a83c2cfcb31b675938ef308ce7\" tg-width=\"735\" tg-height=\"172\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>别以为这只是口嗨，新冠疫情期间，韩国散户买入了 150 亿美元特斯拉股票，<b>成为了特斯拉第七大股东，排在他们前面的是美国<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/STT\">道富银行</a>。</b></p><p>持股比例达到 1.6% ▼</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/b9132acf52154a8c7b344abed9aaec38\" tg-width=\"557\" tg-height=\"629\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>韩国散户对炒股执着，简直可以用疯魔来形容。</p><p>在彭博社等媒体的相关报道中，你可以看到各种卖房炒股、借款炒股的韩国人：</p><p>朴成贤，一位炒股的散户，卖掉了首尔的房子，全家租房住，将余下的 23 万美元积蓄，换成了特斯拉的股票。</p><p>首尔一位白领，通过借贷 + 抵押名下公寓的方式，筹了两亿韩元（ 折合人民币 100 多万 ）炒股，<b>“ 我不认为借钱炒股是一种风险，这是一个赚大钱的机会 ” 。</b></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/4764dd6ad8f3b6e292043da2d9257aa4\" tg-width=\"539\" tg-height=\"150\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>在韩国散户身上，到底发生了什么？为什么他们不惜赌上一切 All IN 股市这个 “ 赌场 ” ？</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cc56e887edb91a5c648a5bce5fe507bd\" tg-width=\"900\" tg-height=\"137\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>关于这个问题，差评君联系上一个韩国友人，他给了我一些很有趣的回答。</p><p>简单来说，韩国人如今对股市的疯狂是逐渐积累的，<b>直接原因主要是两点：高昂的房价以及独特的储蓄理念。</b></p><p>首先是高昂的房价。</p><p>别看如今韩国人炒股这么疯，其实在韩国家庭资产构成中，股票等金融资产占比一直很低，他们更希望把钱投资于房地产。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/3e46474d3b6bf0a3beae1a3e431b8c59\" tg-width=\"885\" tg-height=\"879\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>韩国友人告诉差评君，在房子这件事情上，韩国人欲望很足，尤其偏爱「 公寓 」。</p><p>这玩意跟咱们的公寓不是一个东西，差评君查了一下资料，感觉更接近咱们的平层式住宅。</p><p>因为「 公寓 」除了<b>居住价值</b>以外，还有极强的<b>投资价值</b>，它<b>容易估价，便于买卖</b>，价格一直随着时间疯涨，即便你什么都不做，钱自己就在生钱。</p><p>公寓内部 ▼</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1ed946721a9d3bb4285ee10978f942a1\" tg-width=\"892\" tg-height=\"497\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>但随着过去十年房产价格的飙升，<b>这样的投资变成了普通人难以负担的东西。</b></p><p><b>用他的话来说，在韩国，如果你想要买一套「 公寓 」，普通人要攒钱到 40 岁，可能还买不上，很多人长期租房住，或者跟父母一起住。</b></p><p>2021 年 10 月，首尔公寓平均买卖价格超过了 12 亿韩元，折合人民币 610 多万 ↓ ↓</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6936f5e7d5bb4ebcde79d2f2393df6fd\" tg-width=\"792\" tg-height=\"756\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>没有办法投资房产怎么办呢？<b>你的钱总要有个去处，至少跑赢通胀，对吧？</b></p><p>“ 存银行吃利息是很愚蠢的行为，因为利息实在太低了 ” ，这位韩国友人跟他身边的很多人一样，选择把钱 “ 存 ” 到股市里，“ 我们家全部用股票来进行储蓄，以后还会投资更多 ”。</p><p>他告诉差评君，在韩国，<b>股票具有两种意义，一种是 “ 投机性行为 ”，一种是 “ 长期储蓄 ” 。</b></p><p>等等，股票明明是一件高风险投资行为，为什么会变成 “ 储蓄 ” 行为呢？</p><p>他解释道，股票能募集资金帮助公司发展，而随着公司不断壮大变强，股民也能通过股票获利，所以股票作为一种「 长期储蓄 」的理念在韩国相当广泛，在电视上也经常出现。</p><p>在韩国还有这样一种文化：“ 比如我今天用了<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/SMSN.UK\">三星</a>的产品，我觉得还不错，那就会买一些三星的股票，这在韩国是一种极度寻常的行为 ” 。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/204e50b8a0a5b0c1165ad18854eab003\" tg-width=\"900\" tg-height=\"137\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>或是投机心理，或是这位韩国友人强调的文化理念，种种元素的推动下，韩国股民数量一直稳步上升。</b></p><p>但，新冠疫情爆发后，原本一直窄幅波动的韩国股市狠狠暴跌。</p><p>2020 年 2 月及 3 月期间韩国综合指数最大跌幅超过 36%，曾单日暴跌 8% ↓ ↓</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/73a877fd3b34a4c276383b72d0525109\" tg-width=\"868\" tg-height=\"666\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>然而。。。</p><p>正当国外投资者抛售韩国本土优质股票时，<b>韩国人反而更积极地涌入股市，开始买更多的股票，阻止下跌。</b></p><p>一来，有些韩国人是抱着 “ 长期储蓄 ” 的理念在做多股票，一旦股票下跌，韩国企业跟散户们会承受很大的损失。</p><p>二来，很多散户坚信疫情一旦得到控制，市场就会逐渐复苏，如今低点买入股票，市场复苏后能大赚一笔。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/e5ed2a1424eb776f027516d8c12b4d4b\" tg-width=\"620\" tg-height=\"409\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>这场投资运动被称为<b>“ Donghak Ants Uprising ”</b>，可以简单翻译为「 东学蚂蚁运动 」。</p><p>其实，<b>“ Ant Investors ” （ 蚂蚁投资者 ）是对韩国散户投资者的称呼。</b></p><p>而 “ 东学 ” 一词来自于韩国 1894 年爆发的「 东学农民运动 」，是韩国普通民众对抗外来侵略的爱国运动。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/416bbafcc6435983c5b55b220f85eeb9\" tg-width=\"861\" tg-height=\"512\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>很微妙的是，为了救市，韩国 2020 年 3 月下旬出台了一系列紧急措施，包括<b>临时禁止股票卖空交易。</b></p><p>“ 禁空令 ” 一推出，韩国股市上演大反转，截止去年 5 月，韩国综合指数较 2020 年 3 月最低点累计大涨 123.38%，成为了全球最牛的股市。</p><p>在这期间，之前 All In 的 “ 蚂蚁 ” 还真就赚到钱了，他们通过社交平台去宣传炒股带来的财富，这让那些仅仅靠储蓄吃利息的人狠狠眼红了一波，结果，大家应该都能想象得到。。。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/216c37ce67055846fb6b05e3746591a7\" tg-width=\"600\" tg-height=\"512\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>种种因素的推动下，今年，韩国股票活跃账户首次突破 6000 万户，<b>比总人口还多出 800 万。</b></p><p>“ 蚂蚁 ” 们的交易甚至能占韩国股市日交易量的 60% ，成为了韩国股票市场的主导力量。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f8ff2bb8a990a14a26982ad9f81a7aaa\" tg-width=\"682\" tg-height=\"685\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>再微小的个体，抱成一团的时候，也会掀起大风大浪。<b>更何况，他们有着同一个目标：希望股市继续上涨，让他们赚更多钱。</b></p><p>为此，他们团结起来，做了很多 “ 疯狂 ” 的事儿。。。</p><p> 2021 年 1 月，当时华尔街做空机构跟美国散户围绕一家游戏产品零售商 「 GameStop 」展开了一场多空对决。</p><p>散户老哥靠疯狂买入 GameStop 的股票，在家大业大的华尔街面前，真就把这公司股价抬了起来，一度让华尔街做空机构们亏损超过 50 亿美元。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/9a5f4e51bc7897f306284b2c2abbb234\" tg-width=\"644\" tg-height=\"193\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>这场抵制做空机构的运动，让从 “ 禁空令 ” 中尝到甜头的韩国散户们受到了启发。</p><p>此时 “ 禁空令 ” 的时效即将在 2 个月后结束，而他们希望在韩国引发类似<b>抵抗做空的 “ 战役 ” 以此延续时效，这场战役被命名为 K-streetbets 。</b></p><p>他们搞了一辆大巴，车身写上了<b>「 我讨厌卖空！」。</b></p><p>并且让大巴行驶在光化门（ 一个经常举行抗议活动的广场 ）和汝矣岛（ 一个很大的公园 ）之间，途径证券交易所、金融监管机构和国民议会。</p><p>国民会议前，一辆由他们运营的宣传反对卖空的车经过 ▼</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/8d3c3cc26831ca23368f5a59e44b898a\" tg-width=\"711\" tg-height=\"481\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>还成群结队在韩国论坛 naver 上签下请愿书，要求政府永久禁止卖空股票。</p><p>更狠的是，“ 蚂蚁们 ” 还会投入真金白银捍卫被做空的公司。</p><p>他们抱团大举涌入之前被大规模做空的公司，比如生物制药Celltrion ，导致它的股票在 2 月 1 号大涨 14.51% 。</p><p>2 月 3 日，迫于散户抱团的压力，<b>金融委员会决定再次延长 “ 禁空令 ” 到 5 月 2 日。</b></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/f976e3bd58ccd9ee7c5b60feee940b2b\" tg-width=\"828\" tg-height=\"1412\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>他们还趁俄乌战争，抄底俄罗斯 EFT 。。。</b></p><p>今年 2 月份，俄罗斯股市受俄乌战争影响一泻千里，热爱冒险的 “ 蚂蚁 ” 们在危险中看到了机会。</p><p>他们认为以能源股为主的俄罗斯股市，未来可能会因为原油价格飙升而反弹，于是从月底开始抄底韩国国内唯一的俄罗斯 ETF 「 KINDEX 俄罗斯 MSCI 」 ，共计买入 280 亿韩元，折合人民币约 1.43 亿元。</p><p>后来，他们瞄准了特斯拉。</p><p>没错，其实特斯拉也只是 “ 蚂蚁 ” 们物色中的又一次 “ 绝佳 ” 的财富自由的机遇罢了，<b>因为</b><b>过去的几年里，特斯拉的股价累计上涨了超 1900% ↓ ↓</b></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/18ac8e245537303edc1f446042ee30c2\" tg-width=\"946\" tg-height=\"577\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>ALL IN 特斯拉的人们对特斯拉产生了近乎 “ 邪教 ” 的狂热，他们还叫自己 Teslams ，这个词是 tesla（ 特斯拉 ）跟 islam（ 伊斯兰 ）的结合，他们以此来显示自己对特斯拉的信心。</p><p><b>韩国人热爱押注高风险的 “ 赌局 ” ，除了股票以外，还有加密货币</b>，2018 年他们就把加密货币炒出了 “ 泡菜溢价 ” 。</p><p>后来追逐 LUNA 币，一度把LUNA 的币价推高到 120 美元。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/2dcfc40c55786b829567c38f44607961\" tg-width=\"799\" tg-height=\"682\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>可惜，尽管韩国人如此热爱投机，<b>但等待他们的结果往往不太好。</b></p><p>《 朝鲜日报 》报道，“ 蚂蚁 ” 们净买入排名前 10 的股票中，5 只股票是亏损状态。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/91ec295261b9659cc629802ffd30539c\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"1016\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>还调侃，这波 “ 爱国战争 ” 最后获利的只有韩国交易所和韩国政府，<b>毕竟 2020 年到 2021 年暴涨的证券交易税可是狠狠为财务创收了一波。</b></p><p>饱受韩国人喜欢的韩国 LUNA 加密币今年也突然崩盘，原本 400 亿美元的项目，最后币价跌到趋近为 0 ，影响了上万韩国人，有人炒币炒到家破人亡，就干脆从麻浦大桥上一跃而下，结束生命。</p><p><b><i>桥上的 “ 再振作一次 ” 雕像 ▼</i></b></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/30696aa3aaf8a0b0c63beda02049d216\" tg-width=\"670\" tg-height=\"420\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>如今的韩国不仅仅是炒股，而是酷爱所有投机行为，将这些高风险的投机行为视为实现财富自由的唯一途径。</p><p>他们卖房炒币、他们贷款炒股，他们几乎赌上人生的一切去 “ 改命 ” 。</p><p><b>赢了人生赢家，输了跳江自杀。</b></p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/709a696595112b9817c77669f9a57b06\" tg-width=\"900\" tg-height=\"137\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>想要发财、暴富，这是人之常情，无可厚非，但很多人应该也都听过 “ 有钱有有钱的活法，穷有穷的活法 ” 。</p><p>为什么韩国人会如此极端用人生梭哈股市、币场赌博呢？</p><p>仅仅用渴望成功，希望发财似乎无法完全说清，于是，我将这个问题再次抛给了韩国友人。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6bf23a1b6b231b6a56ccf96472587051\" tg-width=\"320\" tg-height=\"209\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>他告诉差评君，1910 年韩国被迫成为日本的殖民地，直到 1948 年才成功独立，周围国家都很强大，韩国人感受到了极大的危机感。</p><p>这个时期的韩国人大都生了很多孩子，靠人口福利、搞基建、拼命内耗，换得经济高速发展。</p><p><b>这一代人是 “ 悲剧 ” 的一代，</b>因为经济条件差、家里兄弟姐妹多，过不上好日子，要啥没啥，等日子稍微好点了，又结婚了，要为家庭做贡献、牺牲，一生都在压抑自己。所以他们对孩子要求特别严格，特别攀比，希望孩子一定要成功，一定要努力，一定要过得比别人好。（嗯，就是 “ 鸡娃 ” 嘛...）</p><p>这批孩子现在差不多 40、50 岁吧，同样他们又把这种渴望传递给了下一代，同时互联网赋予了这代人更宽阔视野，不仅是文化的，还有物质上的，于是<b> “ 大家都得了一种 &#39; 最佳病 &#39; ”</b>。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ed0e116b62ea6c14704f0a14cc8e5660\" tg-width=\"347\" tg-height=\"140\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>当然，以上纯粹是这位韩国友人的个人观点，但是我想，这能给大家提供一个看韩国的侧面角度。</b></p><p>这位韩国友人曾经在中国呆过两年，他说 “ 我看到在中国，哪怕是扫地的阿姨，脸上都能洋溢着笑容，我很羡慕你们能够拥有这样的<b>「 自由 」</b> ”。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/537ad0775892ac1b57bb9d8081b01f54\" tg-width=\"400\" tg-height=\"493\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>可而今高负债、高失业率、充满大企业压榨的韩国，没有办法承担这些 “ 最佳病 ” ，有的只是不断施加到每个年轻人身上的高压。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/bc86bac8407b40f346e575f5aa35332d\" tg-width=\"696\" tg-height=\"155\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1e2ab9452de29a16f3d2b63332782c3c\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"763\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p><b>如今的韩国，是贫富差距巨大的韩国。</b></p><p>2015 年，首尔报社特别企划的《 韩国贫富报告 》面世，这本书引发了极大的轰动，作者采访韩国 TOP1% 的富豪跟底层最穷的人的日常生活。</p><p>在这本书中，揭露了这样一个事实：最富的那一批人，每个月补习费用高达 1600 万韩元（ 折合人民币 8 万多 ），这还不是最夸张的；而最穷的那一批人，他们的孩子终身辅导花费为 0 元，有人 10 岁才开始学习韩文。</p><p>送子女上三大名校，对于韩国人来说是非常重要的事情，能不能上三大名校几乎就决定了他们的后半生，所以韩国的私人辅导非常之卷。</p><p>但其实孩子们坐在教室里的那一刻，就已经站在了不同的起跑线上。</p><p><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/768753b69b907e89bbba23ee1b4240ba\" tg-width=\"1080\" tg-height=\"513\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\"/></p><p>作者们后来在接受采访时说到 “ 如果把这个贫富差距传给下一代，没有比这更不公平和绝望的世界了 ” 。</p><p>同时，这样的贫富差距是难以打破的，如今的韩国也盛行着这样一句话：<b>“ 父母的地位、资产、收入决定了孩子的成败 ” 。</b></p><p>韩国国家统计局的报告显示，2017 年 61.6% 的年轻人（ 30 岁以下 ）认为阶级上升的可能性很小，他们认为阶级正跟着父母的财富一起遗传。对于普通的年轻人来说，一道 “无形的墙 ” 已经横在面前。</p><p>适当的压力能够帮助人上进，但如果常规的奋斗已经无从突破，多数人努力一生的结果很可能还是贫穷，面对巨大的社会压力，应该如何？</p><p>是躺平？是绝望？又或是选择炒股、炒币，赌上全部身家幻想一场狗屎运降临到自己头上呢？</p><p>27 岁的叉车司机孙吉洪在接受彭博社的报道时说，“ 我以为我可能永远买不起房子，但我没有放弃，而是选择跟随年长的同事购买股票 ”。他眼下的目标是希望买一辆特斯拉，如果能赚到足够的钱，他希望能买上一栋房子。</p><p><b>备注：</b></p><p><b>股市、币圈有风险，投资需谨慎。</b></p></body></html>","source":"lsy1584924778751","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>疯魔的韩国人！偏爱押注高风险的 “ 赌局 ” </title>\n<style 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}\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 11px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;line-height: 11px;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\n疯魔的韩国人！偏爱押注高风险的 “ 赌局 ” \n</h2>\n\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n\n\n2022-09-06 19:38 北京时间&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<a href=https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4_pCPntAKO3IDW4Bdn-k9w><strong>差评</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>韩国股民们为了炒股，彻底疯球了。。。最近承载他们梦想的，是特斯拉 ↓ ↓别以为这只是口嗨，新冠疫情期间，韩国散户买入了 150 亿美元特斯拉股票，成为了特斯拉第七大股东，排在他们前面的是美国道富银行。持股比例达到 1.6% ▼韩国散户对炒股执着，简直可以用疯魔来形容。在彭博社等媒体的相关报道中，你可以看到各种卖房炒股、借款炒股的韩国人：朴成贤，一位炒股的散户，卖掉了首尔的房子，全家租房住，将余下的...</p>\n\n<a href=\"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4_pCPntAKO3IDW4Bdn-k9w\">Web Link</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/cde2e4fc86b629e1a7a7708ea53eb694","relate_stocks":{"BK4581":"高盛持仓","BK4548":"巴美列捷福持仓","BK4527":"明星科技股","BK4099":"汽车制造商","BK4534":"瑞士信贷持仓","BK4511":"特斯拉概念","BK4550":"红杉资本持仓","BK4574":"无人驾驶","BK4551":"寇图资本持仓","TSLA":"特斯拉","BK4533":"AQR资本管理(全球第二大对冲基金)","BK4555":"新能源车"},"source_url":"https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/4_pCPntAKO3IDW4Bdn-k9w","is_english":false,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1166302246","content_text":"韩国股民们为了炒股，彻底疯球了。。。最近承载他们梦想的，是特斯拉 ↓ ↓别以为这只是口嗨，新冠疫情期间，韩国散户买入了 150 亿美元特斯拉股票，成为了特斯拉第七大股东，排在他们前面的是美国道富银行。持股比例达到 1.6% ▼韩国散户对炒股执着，简直可以用疯魔来形容。在彭博社等媒体的相关报道中，你可以看到各种卖房炒股、借款炒股的韩国人：朴成贤，一位炒股的散户，卖掉了首尔的房子，全家租房住，将余下的 23 万美元积蓄，换成了特斯拉的股票。首尔一位白领，通过借贷 + 抵押名下公寓的方式，筹了两亿韩元（ 折合人民币 100 多万 ）炒股，“ 我不认为借钱炒股是一种风险，这是一个赚大钱的机会 ” 。在韩国散户身上，到底发生了什么？为什么他们不惜赌上一切 All IN 股市这个 “ 赌场 ” ？关于这个问题，差评君联系上一个韩国友人，他给了我一些很有趣的回答。简单来说，韩国人如今对股市的疯狂是逐渐积累的，直接原因主要是两点：高昂的房价以及独特的储蓄理念。首先是高昂的房价。别看如今韩国人炒股这么疯，其实在韩国家庭资产构成中，股票等金融资产占比一直很低，他们更希望把钱投资于房地产。韩国友人告诉差评君，在房子这件事情上，韩国人欲望很足，尤其偏爱「 公寓 」。这玩意跟咱们的公寓不是一个东西，差评君查了一下资料，感觉更接近咱们的平层式住宅。因为「 公寓 」除了居住价值以外，还有极强的投资价值，它容易估价，便于买卖，价格一直随着时间疯涨，即便你什么都不做，钱自己就在生钱。公寓内部 ▼但随着过去十年房产价格的飙升，这样的投资变成了普通人难以负担的东西。用他的话来说，在韩国，如果你想要买一套「 公寓 」，普通人要攒钱到 40 岁，可能还买不上，很多人长期租房住，或者跟父母一起住。2021 年 10 月，首尔公寓平均买卖价格超过了 12 亿韩元，折合人民币 610 多万 ↓ ↓没有办法投资房产怎么办呢？你的钱总要有个去处，至少跑赢通胀，对吧？“ 存银行吃利息是很愚蠢的行为，因为利息实在太低了 ” ，这位韩国友人跟他身边的很多人一样，选择把钱 “ 存 ” 到股市里，“ 我们家全部用股票来进行储蓄，以后还会投资更多 ”。他告诉差评君，在韩国，股票具有两种意义，一种是 “ 投机性行为 ”，一种是 “ 长期储蓄 ” 。等等，股票明明是一件高风险投资行为，为什么会变成 “ 储蓄 ” 行为呢？他解释道，股票能募集资金帮助公司发展，而随着公司不断壮大变强，股民也能通过股票获利，所以股票作为一种「 长期储蓄 」的理念在韩国相当广泛，在电视上也经常出现。在韩国还有这样一种文化：“ 比如我今天用了三星的产品，我觉得还不错，那就会买一些三星的股票，这在韩国是一种极度寻常的行为 ” 。或是投机心理，或是这位韩国友人强调的文化理念，种种元素的推动下，韩国股民数量一直稳步上升。但，新冠疫情爆发后，原本一直窄幅波动的韩国股市狠狠暴跌。2020 年 2 月及 3 月期间韩国综合指数最大跌幅超过 36%，曾单日暴跌 8% ↓ ↓然而。。。正当国外投资者抛售韩国本土优质股票时，韩国人反而更积极地涌入股市，开始买更多的股票，阻止下跌。一来，有些韩国人是抱着 “ 长期储蓄 ” 的理念在做多股票，一旦股票下跌，韩国企业跟散户们会承受很大的损失。二来，很多散户坚信疫情一旦得到控制，市场就会逐渐复苏，如今低点买入股票，市场复苏后能大赚一笔。这场投资运动被称为“ Donghak Ants Uprising ”，可以简单翻译为「 东学蚂蚁运动 」。其实，“ Ant Investors ” （ 蚂蚁投资者 ）是对韩国散户投资者的称呼。而 “ 东学 ” 一词来自于韩国 1894 年爆发的「 东学农民运动 」，是韩国普通民众对抗外来侵略的爱国运动。很微妙的是，为了救市，韩国 2020 年 3 月下旬出台了一系列紧急措施，包括临时禁止股票卖空交易。“ 禁空令 ” 一推出，韩国股市上演大反转，截止去年 5 月，韩国综合指数较 2020 年 3 月最低点累计大涨 123.38%，成为了全球最牛的股市。在这期间，之前 All In 的 “ 蚂蚁 ” 还真就赚到钱了，他们通过社交平台去宣传炒股带来的财富，这让那些仅仅靠储蓄吃利息的人狠狠眼红了一波，结果，大家应该都能想象得到。。。种种因素的推动下，今年，韩国股票活跃账户首次突破 6000 万户，比总人口还多出 800 万。“ 蚂蚁 ” 们的交易甚至能占韩国股市日交易量的 60% ，成为了韩国股票市场的主导力量。再微小的个体，抱成一团的时候，也会掀起大风大浪。更何况，他们有着同一个目标：希望股市继续上涨，让他们赚更多钱。为此，他们团结起来，做了很多 “ 疯狂 ” 的事儿。。。 2021 年 1 月，当时华尔街做空机构跟美国散户围绕一家游戏产品零售商 「 GameStop 」展开了一场多空对决。散户老哥靠疯狂买入 GameStop 的股票，在家大业大的华尔街面前，真就把这公司股价抬了起来，一度让华尔街做空机构们亏损超过 50 亿美元。这场抵制做空机构的运动，让从 “ 禁空令 ” 中尝到甜头的韩国散户们受到了启发。此时 “ 禁空令 ” 的时效即将在 2 个月后结束，而他们希望在韩国引发类似抵抗做空的 “ 战役 ” 以此延续时效，这场战役被命名为 K-streetbets 。他们搞了一辆大巴，车身写上了「 我讨厌卖空！」。并且让大巴行驶在光化门（ 一个经常举行抗议活动的广场 ）和汝矣岛（ 一个很大的公园 ）之间，途径证券交易所、金融监管机构和国民议会。国民会议前，一辆由他们运营的宣传反对卖空的车经过 ▼还成群结队在韩国论坛 naver 上签下请愿书，要求政府永久禁止卖空股票。更狠的是，“ 蚂蚁们 ” 还会投入真金白银捍卫被做空的公司。他们抱团大举涌入之前被大规模做空的公司，比如生物制药Celltrion ，导致它的股票在 2 月 1 号大涨 14.51% 。2 月 3 日，迫于散户抱团的压力，金融委员会决定再次延长 “ 禁空令 ” 到 5 月 2 日。他们还趁俄乌战争，抄底俄罗斯 EFT 。。。今年 2 月份，俄罗斯股市受俄乌战争影响一泻千里，热爱冒险的 “ 蚂蚁 ” 们在危险中看到了机会。他们认为以能源股为主的俄罗斯股市，未来可能会因为原油价格飙升而反弹，于是从月底开始抄底韩国国内唯一的俄罗斯 ETF 「 KINDEX 俄罗斯 MSCI 」 ，共计买入 280 亿韩元，折合人民币约 1.43 亿元。后来，他们瞄准了特斯拉。没错，其实特斯拉也只是 “ 蚂蚁 ” 们物色中的又一次 “ 绝佳 ” 的财富自由的机遇罢了，因为过去的几年里，特斯拉的股价累计上涨了超 1900% ↓ ↓ALL IN 特斯拉的人们对特斯拉产生了近乎 “ 邪教 ” 的狂热，他们还叫自己 Teslams ，这个词是 tesla（ 特斯拉 ）跟 islam（ 伊斯兰 ）的结合，他们以此来显示自己对特斯拉的信心。韩国人热爱押注高风险的 “ 赌局 ” ，除了股票以外，还有加密货币，2018 年他们就把加密货币炒出了 “ 泡菜溢价 ” 。后来追逐 LUNA 币，一度把LUNA 的币价推高到 120 美元。可惜，尽管韩国人如此热爱投机，但等待他们的结果往往不太好。《 朝鲜日报 》报道，“ 蚂蚁 ” 们净买入排名前 10 的股票中，5 只股票是亏损状态。还调侃，这波 “ 爱国战争 ” 最后获利的只有韩国交易所和韩国政府，毕竟 2020 年到 2021 年暴涨的证券交易税可是狠狠为财务创收了一波。饱受韩国人喜欢的韩国 LUNA 加密币今年也突然崩盘，原本 400 亿美元的项目，最后币价跌到趋近为 0 ，影响了上万韩国人，有人炒币炒到家破人亡，就干脆从麻浦大桥上一跃而下，结束生命。桥上的 “ 再振作一次 ” 雕像 ▼如今的韩国不仅仅是炒股，而是酷爱所有投机行为，将这些高风险的投机行为视为实现财富自由的唯一途径。他们卖房炒币、他们贷款炒股，他们几乎赌上人生的一切去 “ 改命 ” 。赢了人生赢家，输了跳江自杀。想要发财、暴富，这是人之常情，无可厚非，但很多人应该也都听过 “ 有钱有有钱的活法，穷有穷的活法 ” 。为什么韩国人会如此极端用人生梭哈股市、币场赌博呢？仅仅用渴望成功，希望发财似乎无法完全说清，于是，我将这个问题再次抛给了韩国友人。他告诉差评君，1910 年韩国被迫成为日本的殖民地，直到 1948 年才成功独立，周围国家都很强大，韩国人感受到了极大的危机感。这个时期的韩国人大都生了很多孩子，靠人口福利、搞基建、拼命内耗，换得经济高速发展。这一代人是 “ 悲剧 ” 的一代，因为经济条件差、家里兄弟姐妹多，过不上好日子，要啥没啥，等日子稍微好点了，又结婚了，要为家庭做贡献、牺牲，一生都在压抑自己。所以他们对孩子要求特别严格，特别攀比，希望孩子一定要成功，一定要努力，一定要过得比别人好。（嗯，就是 “ 鸡娃 ” 嘛...）这批孩子现在差不多 40、50 岁吧，同样他们又把这种渴望传递给了下一代，同时互联网赋予了这代人更宽阔视野，不仅是文化的，还有物质上的，于是 “ 大家都得了一种 ' 最佳病 ' ”。当然，以上纯粹是这位韩国友人的个人观点，但是我想，这能给大家提供一个看韩国的侧面角度。这位韩国友人曾经在中国呆过两年，他说 “ 我看到在中国，哪怕是扫地的阿姨，脸上都能洋溢着笑容，我很羡慕你们能够拥有这样的「 自由 」 ”。可而今高负债、高失业率、充满大企业压榨的韩国，没有办法承担这些 “ 最佳病 ” ，有的只是不断施加到每个年轻人身上的高压。如今的韩国，是贫富差距巨大的韩国。2015 年，首尔报社特别企划的《 韩国贫富报告 》面世，这本书引发了极大的轰动，作者采访韩国 TOP1% 的富豪跟底层最穷的人的日常生活。在这本书中，揭露了这样一个事实：最富的那一批人，每个月补习费用高达 1600 万韩元（ 折合人民币 8 万多 ），这还不是最夸张的；而最穷的那一批人，他们的孩子终身辅导花费为 0 元，有人 10 岁才开始学习韩文。送子女上三大名校，对于韩国人来说是非常重要的事情，能不能上三大名校几乎就决定了他们的后半生，所以韩国的私人辅导非常之卷。但其实孩子们坐在教室里的那一刻，就已经站在了不同的起跑线上。作者们后来在接受采访时说到 “ 如果把这个贫富差距传给下一代，没有比这更不公平和绝望的世界了 ” 。同时，这样的贫富差距是难以打破的，如今的韩国也盛行着这样一句话：“ 父母的地位、资产、收入决定了孩子的成败 ” 。韩国国家统计局的报告显示，2017 年 61.6% 的年轻人（ 30 岁以下 ）认为阶级上升的可能性很小，他们认为阶级正跟着父母的财富一起遗传。对于普通的年轻人来说，一道 “无形的墙 ” 已经横在面前。适当的压力能够帮助人上进，但如果常规的奋斗已经无从突破，多数人努力一生的结果很可能还是贫穷，面对巨大的社会压力，应该如何？是躺平？是绝望？又或是选择炒股、炒币，赌上全部身家幻想一场狗屎运降临到自己头上呢？27 岁的叉车司机孙吉洪在接受彭博社的报道时说，“ 我以为我可能永远买不起房子，但我没有放弃，而是选择跟随年长的同事购买股票 ”。他眼下的目标是希望买一辆特斯拉，如果能赚到足够的钱，他希望能买上一栋房子。备注：股市、币圈有风险，投资需谨慎。","news_type":1},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":645,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":626563466,"gmtCreate":1674516306855,"gmtModify":1674520502448,"author":{"id":"3543317193490222","authorId":"3543317193490222","name":"SiasGe","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/1fbf132e2f36e664b306680c0c4ee96d","crmLevel":3,"crmLevelSwitch":1},"themes":[],"htmlText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/FFIE\">$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ &nbsp;</a>新年红包，谢谢贾老板","listText":"<a href=\"https://laohu8.com/S/FFIE\">$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ &nbsp;</a>新年红包，谢谢贾老板","text":"$Faraday Future(FFIE)$ 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