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2021-10-31

Great insights

Opinion:Here's the math for Tesla's stock price if it becomes the Apple of car makers<blockquote>观点：如果特斯拉成为汽车制造商的苹果，其股价的计算结果如下</blockquote>

2021-07-15

We wait to see what he has to offer

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2021-07-01

Great

Amazon: Undervalued With Potential Upside Of 25%<blockquote>亚马逊：被低估，潜在上涨空间为25%</blockquote>

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In 2006, Research in Motion , the company making BlackBerrys, lost a patent suit against NTP and a U.S. District Court judge slapped an injunction on sales. The Defense Department stepped in, claiming that a Blackberry injunction was a threat to national security. Meanwhile, industry leader Nokia held a 40% market share and by the end of 2007 sported a $230 billion mark","content":"<p>Fans and shareholders of Tesla are making stronger and louder arguments about the future of their favorite company. In them, they draw analogies to one of the most successful brands and businesses in the history of capitalism. They suggest that automaking may go the way of handset manufacturing and that – for TeslaTSLA,+3.43%– there is a strong resemblance to the AppleAAPL,-1.82%vs. Nokia/Blackberry/Ericsson/Motorola dynamic.</p><p><blockquote>特斯拉的粉丝和股东正在就他们最喜欢的公司的未来进行更强烈、更响亮的争论。在这些书中，他们将资本主义历史上最成功的品牌和企业之一进行了类比。他们表示，汽车制造可能会走手机制造的道路，而特斯拉TSLA（+3.43%）与苹果AAPL（-1.82%）有很大相似之处。诺基亚/黑莓/爱立信/摩托罗拉动态。</blockquote></p><p> For those that don’t know, in the early 2000s it was unimaginable that these legacy mobile phone manufacturers could disappear. In 2006, Research in Motion (RIM), the company making BlackBerrys, lost a patent suit against NTP and a U.S. District Court judge slapped an injunction on sales. The Defense Department stepped in, claiming that a Blackberry injunction was a threat to national security. Meanwhile, industry leader Nokia held a 40% market share and by the end of 2007 sported a $230 billion market cap.</p><p><blockquote>对于那些不知道的人来说，在21世纪初，这些传统手机制造商会消失是不可想象的。2006年，制造黑莓手机的Research in Motion(RIM)在针对NTP的专利诉讼中败诉，美国地方法院法官发布了销售禁令。国防部介入，声称黑莓禁令对国家安全构成威胁。与此同时，行业领导者诺基亚占据了40%的市场份额，到2007年底，市值达到2300亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> But something else happened in 2007.</p><p><blockquote>但2007年发生了另一件事。</blockquote></p><p> Steve Jobs introduced the iPhone.</p><p><blockquote>史蒂夫·乔布斯推出了iPhone。</blockquote></p><p> And that changed the game for Nokia, Blackberry and the entire industry, forever.</p><p><blockquote>这永远改变了诺基亚、黑莓和整个行业的游戏规则。</blockquote></p><p> Coincidentally, Jobs introduced that iPhone seven months after Tesla introduced the Roadster at the San Francisco International Auto Show. Fast forward to 2021, and the bulls are suggesting that Apple’s overwhelming success in handset manufacturing can be mirrored in automobile manufacturing by Elon Musk’s Tesla.</p><p><blockquote>巧合的是，乔布斯在特斯拉在三藩市国际车展上推出Roadster七个月后推出了iPhone。快进到2021年，看涨者认为，苹果在手机制造领域取得的压倒性成功可以通过Elon Musk的特斯拉在汽车制造领域得到体现。</blockquote></p><p> For this to happen, let’s first assume that within 15 years buyers will demand a broadly similar “form factor” for any vehicle. Today, there are 250 brands of cars sold to fit all appetites and budgets, and perhaps over 1,000 trims. Meanwhile, thanks to the iPhone, handset hardware has gone from a myriad of styles, sizes and forms to basically one.</p><p><blockquote>为了实现这一点，让我们首先假设在15年内，买家将要求任何车辆具有大致相似的“外形”。如今，有250个品牌的汽车可满足各种需求和预算，或许还有1,000多种装饰。与此同时，多亏了iPhone，手机硬件已经从无数的风格、尺寸和形式变成了基本上只有一种。</blockquote></p><p> Similarly, let’s imagine that the production and value of automobiles and light trucks will become less about the style or performance that is demanded and instead mostly about the software inside the vehicle.</p><p><blockquote>同样，让我们想象一下，汽车和轻型卡车的生产和价值将不再取决于所需的风格或性能，而是主要取决于车辆内部的软件。</blockquote></p><p> Finally (and this is a huge debate, but) let’s presuppose that Tesla will have better software – most importantly better autonomous driving capability – than any other vendor or manufacturer, whether in Silicon Valley, Detroit, Wolfsburg or elsewhere.</p><p><blockquote>最后（这是一个巨大的争论，但是）让我们假设特斯拉将拥有比任何其他供应商或制造商更好的软件——最重要的是更好的自动驾驶能力——无论是在硅谷、底特律、沃尔夫斯堡还是其他地方。</blockquote></p><p> In other words, let’s assume that Tesla is going to become the Apple of automakers.</p><p><blockquote>换句话说，让我们假设特斯拉将成为汽车制造商的苹果。</blockquote></p><p> To do this, we need to ignore that Apple is not just a handset manufacturer. In the first three quarters this year, it reported over $150 billion of iPhone sales, which represented 55% of total sales. It also reported sales from the “Services” segment, which included sales from advertising, digital content, AppleCare and other lines. If we assume all that revenue was driven by the iPhone (even though not all was), then we get the iPhone representing about 65%-70% of Apple’s sales.</p><p><blockquote>要做到这一点，我们需要忽略苹果不仅仅是一家手机制造商。今年前三季度，iPhone销售额超过1500亿美元，占总销售额的55%。它还报告了“服务”部门的销售额，其中包括广告、数字内容、AppleCare和其他产品线的销售额。如果我们假设所有收入都是由iPhone推动的（尽管不是全部），那么我们得到的iPhone约占苹果销售额的65%-70%。</blockquote></p><p> This implies Apple has a substantial business (about $110 billion this year) selling Macs, iPads, wearables and accessories too. So in our “Tesla is Apple” analogy, we need to assume that Tesla will make similar extensions into new products.</p><p><blockquote>这意味着苹果也有大量销售Mac、iPad、可穿戴设备和配件的业务（今年约1100亿美元）。因此，在我们的“特斯拉就是苹果”类比中，我们需要假设特斯拉将在新产品中进行类似的扩展。</blockquote></p><p> We also need to ignore that most of the profit for Apple in handsets comes from mobile advertising and app sales, much of which Apple reports in that services segment noted above. Again, to stay in our framework, we also need to believe that Tesla would generate something similar via its over-the-air updates or its own app store.</p><p><blockquote>我们还需要忽略这样一个事实，即苹果在手机领域的大部分利润来自移动广告和应用程序销售，其中大部分是苹果在上述服务部门报告的。同样，为了留在我们的框架中，我们还需要相信特斯拉会通过其无线更新或自己的应用商店生成类似的东西。</blockquote></p><p> Making all these assumptions, then future margins in “automaking” – for at least one manufacturer – could theoretically start trending up toward the margins generated today by Apple.</p><p><blockquote>做出所有这些假设，那么“汽车制造”的未来利润率——至少一家制造商——理论上可能会开始向苹果今天产生的利润率上升。</blockquote></p><p> So in terms of handset market share, people around the world are going to buy approximately 1.4 billion handsets this year, and the average selling price will be about $320. Apple has about 16% of the global market, and will sell about 225 million iPhones.</p><p><blockquote>因此，就手机市场份额而言，今年世界各地的人们将购买大约14亿部手机，平均售价约为320美元。苹果拥有全球约16%的市场份额，将售出约2.25亿部iPhone。</blockquote></p><p> Just guessing here, but if these iPhones are sold at an average price of $890, then the average price of all the other phones sold in the world needs to be about $125 for the math to make sense. And because Apple can sell its iPhone at such a huge premium and produce remarkable revenues from advertising and app store sales, it generates a whopping 24% earnings margin.</p><p><blockquote>这里只是猜测，但如果这些iPhones的平均售价为890美元，那么世界上销售的所有其他手机的平均价格需要在125美元左右，数学才有意义。由于苹果可以以如此高的溢价出售其iPhone，并从广告和应用商店销售中产生可观的收入，因此它的利润率高达24%。</blockquote></p><p> In comparison, VolkswagenVOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%,which started operations in 1938, has worked its way up to a global market share of 12.0% and generates net income margins of 5.0%.</p><p><blockquote>相比之下，大众汽车VOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%于1938年开始运营，全球市场份额已升至12.0%，净利润率为5.0%。</blockquote></p><p> Toyota7203,+0.33%TM,+0.05%,which also started operations in 1938, also has a global market share of 12.0% and generates even better net income margins of approximately 7.0%.</p><p><blockquote>同样于1938年开始运营的丰田7203，+0.33%TM，+0.05%，全球市场份额也为12.0%，净利润率甚至更高，约为7.0%。</blockquote></p><p> Nokia, for what it is worth, generated 14% net margins before the iPhone changed the game.&nbsp; In other words, even before Apple showed up, handset manufacturing was over twice as profitable for market leaders as making cars.</p><p><blockquote>就其价值而言，在iPhone改变游戏规则之前，诺基亚的净利润率为14%。换句话说，即使在苹果出现之前，市场领导者制造手机的利润也是制造汽车的两倍多。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Anyway, folks around the world will buy about 75 million new cars this year, and at an average price of $30,000 (ballpark) this works out to over $2.2 trillion in sales. This is about five times larger than the handset market, which will come in at about $450 million. Toyota and Volkswagen are the largest – and best in class – scale automobile manufacturers in the world. Other groups, including FordF,+1.30%,Stellantis (FCA/Peugeot)STLA,-0.50%,DaimlerDAI,+2.25%,General MotorsGM,+0.35%,Honda7267,-0.53%HMC,-0.40%,BMWBMW,-0.11%and many others also have significant share.</p><p><blockquote>无论如何，今年世界各地的人们将购买约7500万辆新车，按平均价格3万美元（大概）计算，销售额将超过2.2万亿美元。这大约是手机市场的五倍，手机市场的收入约为4.5亿美元。丰田和大众是世界上最大也是同类规模最好的汽车制造商。其他集团，包括福特F，+1.30%，Stellantis(FCA/Peugeot)STLA，-0.50%，戴姆勒DAI，+2.25%，通用汽车GM，+0.35%，本田7267，-0.53%HMC，-0.40%，宝马BMW，-0.11%和许多其他公司也拥有很大的份额。</blockquote></p><p> This year, Tesla will sell about a million cars, representing a global market share of 1.3%.</p><p><blockquote>今年，特斯拉将销售约100万辆汽车，占全球市场份额1.3%。</blockquote></p><p> And dare I say that each of Tesla’s competitors will be loath to surrender more market share, thus the huge amount of R&amp;D and capital spending they will devote to the upcoming transition to electric vehicles (EVs). On the CAPEX metric alone, we can see that these competitors will actually spend more next year than Tesla.</p><p><blockquote>我敢说，特斯拉的每个竞争对手都不愿意放弃更多的市场份额，因此他们将投入大量的研发和资本支出来实现即将到来的电动汽车（EV）转型。仅在资本支出指标上，我们就可以看到这些竞争对手明年的支出实际上将超过特斯拉。</blockquote></p><p> A lot more.</p><p><blockquote>更多。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c0b0383d691f139a5d04a2a94c2bd399\" tg-width=\"699\" tg-height=\"481\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">ALBERT BRIDGE CAPITAL</p><p><blockquote>阿尔伯特桥资本</blockquote></p><p> But still, let’s assume all the legacy automakers fail to maintain share. Let’s also envision that most of the profits in the industry will eventually go to Tesla (as they have in handsets to Apple).</p><p><blockquote>但我们仍然假设所有传统汽车制造商都未能保持份额。让我们也想象一下，该行业的大部分利润最终将流向特斯拉（就像手机流向苹果一样）。</blockquote></p><p> As a baseline, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate over $50 billion in sales this year. Over 85% of these sales are related to its automotive business.</p><p><blockquote>作为基线，分析师预计特斯拉今年的销售额将超过500亿美元。超过85%的销售额与其汽车业务相关。</blockquote></p><p> In 2035, if EVs represents 95% of all new cars sold, and Tesla has the same 16% market share as Apple does today (significantly eclipsing that of VW or Toyota), it will be producing 22 million cars and light trucks, and generating sales of over $1 trillion.</p><p><blockquote>到2035年，如果电动汽车占所有新车销量的95%，并且特斯拉拥有与苹果今天相同的16%市场份额（显着超过大众或丰田），那么它将生产2200万辆汽车和轻型卡车，并产生超过1万亿美元的销售额。</blockquote></p><p> This year, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate nearly $7 billion in adjusted net income (which will include approximately $1.2 billion in profits driven by regulatory credits).</p><p><blockquote>今年，分析师预计特斯拉将产生近70亿美元的调整后净利润（其中包括监管信贷推动的约12亿美元利润）。</blockquote></p><p> If Tesla were able to generate the same 24% net earnings margin as Apple does today (remember VW is at 5% and Toyota at 7%), then it would produce about $250 billion of earnings in 2035.</p><p><blockquote>如果特斯拉能够像苹果今天一样产生24%的净利润率（记住大众为5%，丰田为7%），那么它将在2035年产生约2500亿美元的收益。</blockquote></p><p> As Tesla has grown from zero to one million cars, it has built production facilities in Freemont, Shanghai and soon Austin; battery-producing gigafactories in Nevada, Buffalo, Germany and Austin again; and other manufacturing and tooling facilities in Michigan, Ontario, Shanghai, two more in California and three more in Germany.</p><p><blockquote>随着特斯拉汽车从零增长到100万辆，它在Freemont、Shanghai和很快的Austin建立了生产设施；再次在内华达州、布法罗、德国和奥斯汀建立电池生产超级工厂；以及位于密歇根州、安大略省、上海的其他制造和模具工厂，另外两个位于加利福尼亚州，另外三个位于德国。</blockquote></p><p> To finance this expansion, Tesla went from 35 million diluted shares in 2009 to 641 million in 2015 to over 1.1 billion today. Of course some of these went to key executives in the firm as compensation, but for the most part, this share issuance helped to finance the firm’s stunning growth to date.</p><p><blockquote>为了为此次扩张提供资金，特斯拉稀释后的股份从2009年的3500万股增加到2015年的6.41亿股，再到如今的超过11亿股。当然，其中一些作为薪酬给了公司的关键高管，但在很大程度上，这次股票发行有助于为公司迄今为止的惊人增长提供资金。</blockquote></p><p> And if Tesla is going to build over 20 million units a year (up from about 1 million this year), this will require a lot more capital. But given its strong share price and internal cash flow generation, let’s assume that the rate of new share issuance at Tesla will slow dramatically, to just 1.5% new shares per year. At this rate, they would have “only” 1.4 billion shares in 2035.</p><p><blockquote>如果特斯拉打算每年生产超过2000万辆汽车（今年约为100万辆），这将需要更多的资金。但鉴于其强劲的股价和内部现金流产生，我们假设特斯拉的新股发行速度将大幅放缓，至每年仅1.5%的新股发行速度。按照这个速度，到2035年他们将“只有”14亿股。</blockquote></p><p> And in that year, on production of 22 million vehicles at an average selling price of $46,000 (again, our guess) and doing 24% net earnings margins, this $250 billion of earnings would work out to about $178 per share.</p><p><blockquote>那一年，生产了2200万辆汽车，平均售价为46,000美元（这也是我们的猜测），净利润率为24%，这2500亿美元的收益相当于每股178美元。</blockquote></p><p> Given Tesla’s domination in this scenario where it maxes out its market share, the only negative is that it would no longer be a secular story, but one more exposed to the cyclical nature of automaking. So its huge amount of revenue and income would naturally be growing much more slowly by then. But, again for the sake of this exercise, let’s assume that Tesla will still find a way to continue to generate a consistent 10% EPS growth on that $250 billion number.</p><p><blockquote>鉴于特斯拉在这种最大化其市场份额的情况下占据主导地位，唯一的负面影响是它将不再是一个长期的故事，而是一个更加暴露于汽车制造周期性的故事。因此，到那时其巨额收入和收入的增长自然会慢得多。但是，为了这次练习，让我们再次假设特斯拉仍然会找到一种方法，在2500亿美元的数字上继续实现10%的每股收益持续增长。</blockquote></p><p> And despite this slowing, let’s also assume that investors will want to pay a P/E ratio of over 20 for a now huge and cyclical business.</p><p><blockquote>尽管经济放缓，我们也假设投资者愿意为现在庞大且周期性的业务支付超过20的市盈率。</blockquote></p><p> On a P/E of 22.5, that would work out to a market cap of $5.6 trillion, and a share price of $4,000.</p><p><blockquote>市盈率为22.5，市值为5.6万亿美元，股价为4000美元。</blockquote></p><p> These are big numbers. And despite what we hear from the more optimistic of the Tesla bulls, let’s also assume that today’s shareholders only hope to make 10% per year between now and 2035.</p><p><blockquote>这些都是很大的数字。尽管我们从更乐观的特斯拉多头那里听到了什么，但我们也假设今天的股东只希望从现在到2035年每年赚取10%的利润。</blockquote></p><p> If we discount that $4,000 by 10% back to today, the shares are worth $1,050.</p><p><blockquote>如果我们将4,000美元折价10%回到今天，股票价值1,050美元。</blockquote></p><p> That is pretty close to where we are right now.</p><p><blockquote>这与我们现在的位置非常接近。</blockquote></p><p> So all that above is what needs to happen for $1,050 to be a fair share price today.</p><p><blockquote>因此，要使1,050美元成为今天的公平股价，上述所有这些都需要发生。</blockquote></p><p> Doubters, admittedly like us, will suggest that the execution risk is tremendous, and these market shares (and particularly the margins) may be impossible.</p><p><blockquote>诚然，像我们一样，怀疑者会认为执行风险是巨大的，这些市场份额（尤其是利润率）可能是不可能的。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Yet, despite the fact that we actually can’t ignore the differences between the mobile phone and automobile industries noted above, the believers – who may indeed be right – will literally need to see Apple-esque industry dynamics, market shares and earnings margins for this all to make sense.</p><p><blockquote>然而，尽管我们实际上不能忽视上述手机和汽车行业之间的差异，但信徒们——他们可能确实是对的——确实需要看到苹果式的行业动态、市场份额和利润率，这一切才有意义。</blockquote></p><p> It is also important to consider that for there to be even more upside in the shares from current levels, Tesla will actually have to exceed everything that Apple has accomplished.</p><p><blockquote>同样重要的是要考虑到，为了使股价在当前水平上有更大的上涨空间，特斯拉实际上必须超越苹果所取得的一切成就。</blockquote></p><p> Whether a bull or a bear, there is no doubting that what Musk has achieved thus far has been nothing short of incredible. Five years ago, few would have thought it even possible that Hertz would order 100,000 Teslas in a single order for its car rental fleet, or that Tesla would produce and sell a million cars in a single year.</p><p><blockquote>无论是牛市还是熊市，毫无疑问，马斯克迄今为止所取得的成就简直令人难以置信。五年前，很少有人会想到赫兹会为其汽车租赁车队单次订购10万辆特斯拉，或者特斯拉会在一年内生产和销售100万辆汽车。</blockquote></p><p> He will continue to do incredible things.&nbsp; He has changed the world and the mindset of his competitors. None of that is in question. The future that his share price is discounting is the question we are asking today.</p><p><blockquote>他将继续做不可思议的事情。他改变了世界，也改变了竞争对手的心态。这些都不是问题。他的股价打折的未来是我们今天要问的问题。</blockquote></p><p></p>","source":"lsy1616996754749","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Opinion:Here's the math for Tesla's stock price if it becomes the Apple of car makers<blockquote>观点：如果特斯拉成为汽车制造商的苹果，其股价的计算结果如下</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nOpinion:Here's the math for Tesla's stock price if it becomes the Apple of car makers<blockquote>观点：如果特斯拉成为汽车制造商的苹果，其股价的计算结果如下</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">Market watch</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-10-30 11:54</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>Fans and shareholders of Tesla are making stronger and louder arguments about the future of their favorite company. In them, they draw analogies to one of the most successful brands and businesses in the history of capitalism. They suggest that automaking may go the way of handset manufacturing and that – for TeslaTSLA,+3.43%– there is a strong resemblance to the AppleAAPL,-1.82%vs. Nokia/Blackberry/Ericsson/Motorola dynamic.</p><p><blockquote>特斯拉的粉丝和股东正在就他们最喜欢的公司的未来进行更强烈、更响亮的争论。在这些书中，他们将资本主义历史上最成功的品牌和企业之一进行了类比。他们表示，汽车制造可能会走手机制造的道路，而特斯拉TSLA（+3.43%）与苹果AAPL（-1.82%）有很大相似之处。诺基亚/黑莓/爱立信/摩托罗拉动态。</blockquote></p><p> For those that don’t know, in the early 2000s it was unimaginable that these legacy mobile phone manufacturers could disappear. In 2006, Research in Motion (RIM), the company making BlackBerrys, lost a patent suit against NTP and a U.S. District Court judge slapped an injunction on sales. The Defense Department stepped in, claiming that a Blackberry injunction was a threat to national security. Meanwhile, industry leader Nokia held a 40% market share and by the end of 2007 sported a $230 billion market cap.</p><p><blockquote>对于那些不知道的人来说，在21世纪初，这些传统手机制造商会消失是不可想象的。2006年，制造黑莓手机的Research in Motion(RIM)在针对NTP的专利诉讼中败诉，美国地方法院法官发布了销售禁令。国防部介入，声称黑莓禁令对国家安全构成威胁。与此同时，行业领导者诺基亚占据了40%的市场份额，到2007年底，市值达到2300亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> But something else happened in 2007.</p><p><blockquote>但2007年发生了另一件事。</blockquote></p><p> Steve Jobs introduced the iPhone.</p><p><blockquote>史蒂夫·乔布斯推出了iPhone。</blockquote></p><p> And that changed the game for Nokia, Blackberry and the entire industry, forever.</p><p><blockquote>这永远改变了诺基亚、黑莓和整个行业的游戏规则。</blockquote></p><p> Coincidentally, Jobs introduced that iPhone seven months after Tesla introduced the Roadster at the San Francisco International Auto Show. Fast forward to 2021, and the bulls are suggesting that Apple’s overwhelming success in handset manufacturing can be mirrored in automobile manufacturing by Elon Musk’s Tesla.</p><p><blockquote>巧合的是，乔布斯在特斯拉在三藩市国际车展上推出Roadster七个月后推出了iPhone。快进到2021年，看涨者认为，苹果在手机制造领域取得的压倒性成功可以通过Elon Musk的特斯拉在汽车制造领域得到体现。</blockquote></p><p> For this to happen, let’s first assume that within 15 years buyers will demand a broadly similar “form factor” for any vehicle. Today, there are 250 brands of cars sold to fit all appetites and budgets, and perhaps over 1,000 trims. Meanwhile, thanks to the iPhone, handset hardware has gone from a myriad of styles, sizes and forms to basically one.</p><p><blockquote>为了实现这一点，让我们首先假设在15年内，买家将要求任何车辆具有大致相似的“外形”。如今，有250个品牌的汽车可满足各种需求和预算，或许还有1,000多种装饰。与此同时，多亏了iPhone，手机硬件已经从无数的风格、尺寸和形式变成了基本上只有一种。</blockquote></p><p> Similarly, let’s imagine that the production and value of automobiles and light trucks will become less about the style or performance that is demanded and instead mostly about the software inside the vehicle.</p><p><blockquote>同样，让我们想象一下，汽车和轻型卡车的生产和价值将不再取决于所需的风格或性能，而是主要取决于车辆内部的软件。</blockquote></p><p> Finally (and this is a huge debate, but) let’s presuppose that Tesla will have better software – most importantly better autonomous driving capability – than any other vendor or manufacturer, whether in Silicon Valley, Detroit, Wolfsburg or elsewhere.</p><p><blockquote>最后（这是一个巨大的争论，但是）让我们假设特斯拉将拥有比任何其他供应商或制造商更好的软件——最重要的是更好的自动驾驶能力——无论是在硅谷、底特律、沃尔夫斯堡还是其他地方。</blockquote></p><p> In other words, let’s assume that Tesla is going to become the Apple of automakers.</p><p><blockquote>换句话说，让我们假设特斯拉将成为汽车制造商的苹果。</blockquote></p><p> To do this, we need to ignore that Apple is not just a handset manufacturer. In the first three quarters this year, it reported over $150 billion of iPhone sales, which represented 55% of total sales. It also reported sales from the “Services” segment, which included sales from advertising, digital content, AppleCare and other lines. If we assume all that revenue was driven by the iPhone (even though not all was), then we get the iPhone representing about 65%-70% of Apple’s sales.</p><p><blockquote>要做到这一点，我们需要忽略苹果不仅仅是一家手机制造商。今年前三季度，iPhone销售额超过1500亿美元，占总销售额的55%。它还报告了“服务”部门的销售额，其中包括广告、数字内容、AppleCare和其他产品线的销售额。如果我们假设所有收入都是由iPhone推动的（尽管不是全部），那么我们得到的iPhone约占苹果销售额的65%-70%。</blockquote></p><p> This implies Apple has a substantial business (about $110 billion this year) selling Macs, iPads, wearables and accessories too. So in our “Tesla is Apple” analogy, we need to assume that Tesla will make similar extensions into new products.</p><p><blockquote>这意味着苹果也有大量销售Mac、iPad、可穿戴设备和配件的业务（今年约1100亿美元）。因此，在我们的“特斯拉就是苹果”类比中，我们需要假设特斯拉将在新产品中进行类似的扩展。</blockquote></p><p> We also need to ignore that most of the profit for Apple in handsets comes from mobile advertising and app sales, much of which Apple reports in that services segment noted above. Again, to stay in our framework, we also need to believe that Tesla would generate something similar via its over-the-air updates or its own app store.</p><p><blockquote>我们还需要忽略这样一个事实，即苹果在手机领域的大部分利润来自移动广告和应用程序销售，其中大部分是苹果在上述服务部门报告的。同样，为了留在我们的框架中，我们还需要相信特斯拉会通过其无线更新或自己的应用商店生成类似的东西。</blockquote></p><p> Making all these assumptions, then future margins in “automaking” – for at least one manufacturer – could theoretically start trending up toward the margins generated today by Apple.</p><p><blockquote>做出所有这些假设，那么“汽车制造”的未来利润率——至少一家制造商——理论上可能会开始向苹果今天产生的利润率上升。</blockquote></p><p> So in terms of handset market share, people around the world are going to buy approximately 1.4 billion handsets this year, and the average selling price will be about $320. Apple has about 16% of the global market, and will sell about 225 million iPhones.</p><p><blockquote>因此，就手机市场份额而言，今年世界各地的人们将购买大约14亿部手机，平均售价约为320美元。苹果拥有全球约16%的市场份额，将售出约2.25亿部iPhone。</blockquote></p><p> Just guessing here, but if these iPhones are sold at an average price of $890, then the average price of all the other phones sold in the world needs to be about $125 for the math to make sense. And because Apple can sell its iPhone at such a huge premium and produce remarkable revenues from advertising and app store sales, it generates a whopping 24% earnings margin.</p><p><blockquote>这里只是猜测，但如果这些iPhones的平均售价为890美元，那么世界上销售的所有其他手机的平均价格需要在125美元左右，数学才有意义。由于苹果可以以如此高的溢价出售其iPhone，并从广告和应用商店销售中产生可观的收入，因此它的利润率高达24%。</blockquote></p><p> In comparison, VolkswagenVOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%,which started operations in 1938, has worked its way up to a global market share of 12.0% and generates net income margins of 5.0%.</p><p><blockquote>相比之下，大众汽车VOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%于1938年开始运营，全球市场份额已升至12.0%，净利润率为5.0%。</blockquote></p><p> Toyota7203,+0.33%TM,+0.05%,which also started operations in 1938, also has a global market share of 12.0% and generates even better net income margins of approximately 7.0%.</p><p><blockquote>同样于1938年开始运营的丰田7203，+0.33%TM，+0.05%，全球市场份额也为12.0%，净利润率甚至更高，约为7.0%。</blockquote></p><p> Nokia, for what it is worth, generated 14% net margins before the iPhone changed the game.&nbsp; In other words, even before Apple showed up, handset manufacturing was over twice as profitable for market leaders as making cars.</p><p><blockquote>就其价值而言，在iPhone改变游戏规则之前，诺基亚的净利润率为14%。换句话说，即使在苹果出现之前，市场领导者制造手机的利润也是制造汽车的两倍多。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Anyway, folks around the world will buy about 75 million new cars this year, and at an average price of $30,000 (ballpark) this works out to over $2.2 trillion in sales. This is about five times larger than the handset market, which will come in at about $450 million. Toyota and Volkswagen are the largest – and best in class – scale automobile manufacturers in the world. Other groups, including FordF,+1.30%,Stellantis (FCA/Peugeot)STLA,-0.50%,DaimlerDAI,+2.25%,General MotorsGM,+0.35%,Honda7267,-0.53%HMC,-0.40%,BMWBMW,-0.11%and many others also have significant share.</p><p><blockquote>无论如何，今年世界各地的人们将购买约7500万辆新车，按平均价格3万美元（大概）计算，销售额将超过2.2万亿美元。这大约是手机市场的五倍，手机市场的收入约为4.5亿美元。丰田和大众是世界上最大也是同类规模最好的汽车制造商。其他集团，包括福特F，+1.30%，Stellantis(FCA/Peugeot)STLA，-0.50%，戴姆勒DAI，+2.25%，通用汽车GM，+0.35%，本田7267，-0.53%HMC，-0.40%，宝马BMW，-0.11%和许多其他公司也拥有很大的份额。</blockquote></p><p> This year, Tesla will sell about a million cars, representing a global market share of 1.3%.</p><p><blockquote>今年，特斯拉将销售约100万辆汽车，占全球市场份额1.3%。</blockquote></p><p> And dare I say that each of Tesla’s competitors will be loath to surrender more market share, thus the huge amount of R&amp;D and capital spending they will devote to the upcoming transition to electric vehicles (EVs). On the CAPEX metric alone, we can see that these competitors will actually spend more next year than Tesla.</p><p><blockquote>我敢说，特斯拉的每个竞争对手都不愿意放弃更多的市场份额，因此他们将投入大量的研发和资本支出来实现即将到来的电动汽车（EV）转型。仅在资本支出指标上，我们就可以看到这些竞争对手明年的支出实际上将超过特斯拉。</blockquote></p><p> A lot more.</p><p><blockquote>更多。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c0b0383d691f139a5d04a2a94c2bd399\" tg-width=\"699\" tg-height=\"481\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">ALBERT BRIDGE CAPITAL</p><p><blockquote>阿尔伯特桥资本</blockquote></p><p> But still, let’s assume all the legacy automakers fail to maintain share. Let’s also envision that most of the profits in the industry will eventually go to Tesla (as they have in handsets to Apple).</p><p><blockquote>但我们仍然假设所有传统汽车制造商都未能保持份额。让我们也想象一下，该行业的大部分利润最终将流向特斯拉（就像手机流向苹果一样）。</blockquote></p><p> As a baseline, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate over $50 billion in sales this year. Over 85% of these sales are related to its automotive business.</p><p><blockquote>作为基线，分析师预计特斯拉今年的销售额将超过500亿美元。超过85%的销售额与其汽车业务相关。</blockquote></p><p> In 2035, if EVs represents 95% of all new cars sold, and Tesla has the same 16% market share as Apple does today (significantly eclipsing that of VW or Toyota), it will be producing 22 million cars and light trucks, and generating sales of over $1 trillion.</p><p><blockquote>到2035年，如果电动汽车占所有新车销量的95%，并且特斯拉拥有与苹果今天相同的16%市场份额（显着超过大众或丰田），那么它将生产2200万辆汽车和轻型卡车，并产生超过1万亿美元的销售额。</blockquote></p><p> This year, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate nearly $7 billion in adjusted net income (which will include approximately $1.2 billion in profits driven by regulatory credits).</p><p><blockquote>今年，分析师预计特斯拉将产生近70亿美元的调整后净利润（其中包括监管信贷推动的约12亿美元利润）。</blockquote></p><p> If Tesla were able to generate the same 24% net earnings margin as Apple does today (remember VW is at 5% and Toyota at 7%), then it would produce about $250 billion of earnings in 2035.</p><p><blockquote>如果特斯拉能够像苹果今天一样产生24%的净利润率（记住大众为5%，丰田为7%），那么它将在2035年产生约2500亿美元的收益。</blockquote></p><p> As Tesla has grown from zero to one million cars, it has built production facilities in Freemont, Shanghai and soon Austin; battery-producing gigafactories in Nevada, Buffalo, Germany and Austin again; and other manufacturing and tooling facilities in Michigan, Ontario, Shanghai, two more in California and three more in Germany.</p><p><blockquote>随着特斯拉汽车从零增长到100万辆，它在Freemont、Shanghai和很快的Austin建立了生产设施；再次在内华达州、布法罗、德国和奥斯汀建立电池生产超级工厂；以及位于密歇根州、安大略省、上海的其他制造和模具工厂，另外两个位于加利福尼亚州，另外三个位于德国。</blockquote></p><p> To finance this expansion, Tesla went from 35 million diluted shares in 2009 to 641 million in 2015 to over 1.1 billion today. Of course some of these went to key executives in the firm as compensation, but for the most part, this share issuance helped to finance the firm’s stunning growth to date.</p><p><blockquote>为了为此次扩张提供资金，特斯拉稀释后的股份从2009年的3500万股增加到2015年的6.41亿股，再到如今的超过11亿股。当然，其中一些作为薪酬给了公司的关键高管，但在很大程度上，这次股票发行有助于为公司迄今为止的惊人增长提供资金。</blockquote></p><p> And if Tesla is going to build over 20 million units a year (up from about 1 million this year), this will require a lot more capital. But given its strong share price and internal cash flow generation, let’s assume that the rate of new share issuance at Tesla will slow dramatically, to just 1.5% new shares per year. At this rate, they would have “only” 1.4 billion shares in 2035.</p><p><blockquote>如果特斯拉打算每年生产超过2000万辆汽车（今年约为100万辆），这将需要更多的资金。但鉴于其强劲的股价和内部现金流产生，我们假设特斯拉的新股发行速度将大幅放缓，至每年仅1.5%的新股发行速度。按照这个速度，到2035年他们将“只有”14亿股。</blockquote></p><p> And in that year, on production of 22 million vehicles at an average selling price of $46,000 (again, our guess) and doing 24% net earnings margins, this $250 billion of earnings would work out to about $178 per share.</p><p><blockquote>那一年，生产了2200万辆汽车，平均售价为46,000美元（这也是我们的猜测），净利润率为24%，这2500亿美元的收益相当于每股178美元。</blockquote></p><p> Given Tesla’s domination in this scenario where it maxes out its market share, the only negative is that it would no longer be a secular story, but one more exposed to the cyclical nature of automaking. So its huge amount of revenue and income would naturally be growing much more slowly by then. But, again for the sake of this exercise, let’s assume that Tesla will still find a way to continue to generate a consistent 10% EPS growth on that $250 billion number.</p><p><blockquote>鉴于特斯拉在这种最大化其市场份额的情况下占据主导地位，唯一的负面影响是它将不再是一个长期的故事，而是一个更加暴露于汽车制造周期性的故事。因此，到那时其巨额收入和收入的增长自然会慢得多。但是，为了这次练习，让我们再次假设特斯拉仍然会找到一种方法，在2500亿美元的数字上继续实现10%的每股收益持续增长。</blockquote></p><p> And despite this slowing, let’s also assume that investors will want to pay a P/E ratio of over 20 for a now huge and cyclical business.</p><p><blockquote>尽管经济放缓，我们也假设投资者愿意为现在庞大且周期性的业务支付超过20的市盈率。</blockquote></p><p> On a P/E of 22.5, that would work out to a market cap of $5.6 trillion, and a share price of $4,000.</p><p><blockquote>市盈率为22.5，市值为5.6万亿美元，股价为4000美元。</blockquote></p><p> These are big numbers. And despite what we hear from the more optimistic of the Tesla bulls, let’s also assume that today’s shareholders only hope to make 10% per year between now and 2035.</p><p><blockquote>这些都是很大的数字。尽管我们从更乐观的特斯拉多头那里听到了什么，但我们也假设今天的股东只希望从现在到2035年每年赚取10%的利润。</blockquote></p><p> If we discount that $4,000 by 10% back to today, the shares are worth $1,050.</p><p><blockquote>如果我们将4,000美元折价10%回到今天，股票价值1,050美元。</blockquote></p><p> That is pretty close to where we are right now.</p><p><blockquote>这与我们现在的位置非常接近。</blockquote></p><p> So all that above is what needs to happen for $1,050 to be a fair share price today.</p><p><blockquote>因此，要使1,050美元成为今天的公平股价，上述所有这些都需要发生。</blockquote></p><p> Doubters, admittedly like us, will suggest that the execution risk is tremendous, and these market shares (and particularly the margins) may be impossible.</p><p><blockquote>诚然，像我们一样，怀疑者会认为执行风险是巨大的，这些市场份额（尤其是利润率）可能是不可能的。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Yet, despite the fact that we actually can’t ignore the differences between the mobile phone and automobile industries noted above, the believers – who may indeed be right – will literally need to see Apple-esque industry dynamics, market shares and earnings margins for this all to make sense.</p><p><blockquote>然而，尽管我们实际上不能忽视上述手机和汽车行业之间的差异，但信徒们——他们可能确实是对的——确实需要看到苹果式的行业动态、市场份额和利润率，这一切才有意义。</blockquote></p><p> It is also important to consider that for there to be even more upside in the shares from current levels, Tesla will actually have to exceed everything that Apple has accomplished.</p><p><blockquote>同样重要的是要考虑到，为了使股价在当前水平上有更大的上涨空间，特斯拉实际上必须超越苹果所取得的一切成就。</blockquote></p><p> Whether a bull or a bear, there is no doubting that what Musk has achieved thus far has been nothing short of incredible. Five years ago, few would have thought it even possible that Hertz would order 100,000 Teslas in a single order for its car rental fleet, or that Tesla would produce and sell a million cars in a single year.</p><p><blockquote>无论是牛市还是熊市，毫无疑问，马斯克迄今为止所取得的成就简直令人难以置信。五年前，很少有人会想到赫兹会为其汽车租赁车队单次订购10万辆特斯拉，或者特斯拉会在一年内生产和销售100万辆汽车。</blockquote></p><p> He will continue to do incredible things.&nbsp; He has changed the world and the mindset of his competitors. None of that is in question. The future that his share price is discounting is the question we are asking today.</p><p><blockquote>他将继续做不可思议的事情。他改变了世界，也改变了竞争对手的心态。这些都不是问题。他的股价打折的未来是我们今天要问的问题。</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/if-tesla-is-to-become-the-apple-of-car-makers-this-is-what-it-means-for-the-stock-price-and-the-business-11635513589?mod=home-page\">Market watch</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"AAPL":"苹果"},"source_url":"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/if-tesla-is-to-become-the-apple-of-car-makers-this-is-what-it-means-for-the-stock-price-and-the-business-11635513589?mod=home-page","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2179471352","content_text":"Fans and shareholders of Tesla are making stronger and louder arguments about the future of their favorite company. In them, they draw analogies to one of the most successful brands and businesses in the history of capitalism. They suggest that automaking may go the way of handset manufacturing and that – for TeslaTSLA,+3.43%– there is a strong resemblance to the AppleAAPL,-1.82%vs. Nokia/Blackberry/Ericsson/Motorola dynamic.\nFor those that don’t know, in the early 2000s it was unimaginable that these legacy mobile phone manufacturers could disappear. In 2006, Research in Motion (RIM), the company making BlackBerrys, lost a patent suit against NTP and a U.S. District Court judge slapped an injunction on sales. The Defense Department stepped in, claiming that a Blackberry injunction was a threat to national security. Meanwhile, industry leader Nokia held a 40% market share and by the end of 2007 sported a $230 billion market cap.\nBut something else happened in 2007.\nSteve Jobs introduced the iPhone.\nAnd that changed the game for Nokia, Blackberry and the entire industry, forever.\nCoincidentally, Jobs introduced that iPhone seven months after Tesla introduced the Roadster at the San Francisco International Auto Show. Fast forward to 2021, and the bulls are suggesting that Apple’s overwhelming success in handset manufacturing can be mirrored in automobile manufacturing by Elon Musk’s Tesla.\nFor this to happen, let’s first assume that within 15 years buyers will demand a broadly similar “form factor” for any vehicle. Today, there are 250 brands of cars sold to fit all appetites and budgets, and perhaps over 1,000 trims. Meanwhile, thanks to the iPhone, handset hardware has gone from a myriad of styles, sizes and forms to basically one.\nSimilarly, let’s imagine that the production and value of automobiles and light trucks will become less about the style or performance that is demanded and instead mostly about the software inside the vehicle.\nFinally (and this is a huge debate, but) let’s presuppose that Tesla will have better software – most importantly better autonomous driving capability – than any other vendor or manufacturer, whether in Silicon Valley, Detroit, Wolfsburg or elsewhere.\nIn other words, let’s assume that Tesla is going to become the Apple of automakers.\nTo do this, we need to ignore that Apple is not just a handset manufacturer. In the first three quarters this year, it reported over $150 billion of iPhone sales, which represented 55% of total sales. It also reported sales from the “Services” segment, which included sales from advertising, digital content, AppleCare and other lines. If we assume all that revenue was driven by the iPhone (even though not all was), then we get the iPhone representing about 65%-70% of Apple’s sales.\nThis implies Apple has a substantial business (about $110 billion this year) selling Macs, iPads, wearables and accessories too. So in our “Tesla is Apple” analogy, we need to assume that Tesla will make similar extensions into new products.\nWe also need to ignore that most of the profit for Apple in handsets comes from mobile advertising and app sales, much of which Apple reports in that services segment noted above. Again, to stay in our framework, we also need to believe that Tesla would generate something similar via its over-the-air updates or its own app store.\nMaking all these assumptions, then future margins in “automaking” – for at least one manufacturer – could theoretically start trending up toward the margins generated today by Apple.\nSo in terms of handset market share, people around the world are going to buy approximately 1.4 billion handsets this year, and the average selling price will be about $320. Apple has about 16% of the global market, and will sell about 225 million iPhones.\nJust guessing here, but if these iPhones are sold at an average price of $890, then the average price of all the other phones sold in the world needs to be about $125 for the math to make sense. And because Apple can sell its iPhone at such a huge premium and produce remarkable revenues from advertising and app store sales, it generates a whopping 24% earnings margin.\nIn comparison, VolkswagenVOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%,which started operations in 1938, has worked its way up to a global market share of 12.0% and generates net income margins of 5.0%.\nToyota7203,+0.33%TM,+0.05%,which also started operations in 1938, also has a global market share of 12.0% and generates even better net income margins of approximately 7.0%.\nNokia, for what it is worth, generated 14% net margins before the iPhone changed the game.  In other words, even before Apple showed up, handset manufacturing was over twice as profitable for market leaders as making cars.\nAnyway, folks around the world will buy about 75 million new cars this year, and at an average price of $30,000 (ballpark) this works out to over $2.2 trillion in sales. This is about five times larger than the handset market, which will come in at about $450 million. Toyota and Volkswagen are the largest – and best in class – scale automobile manufacturers in the world. Other groups, including FordF,+1.30%,Stellantis (FCA/Peugeot)STLA,-0.50%,DaimlerDAI,+2.25%,General MotorsGM,+0.35%,Honda7267,-0.53%HMC,-0.40%,BMWBMW,-0.11%and many others also have significant share.\nThis year, Tesla will sell about a million cars, representing a global market share of 1.3%.\nAnd dare I say that each of Tesla’s competitors will be loath to surrender more market share, thus the huge amount of R&D and capital spending they will devote to the upcoming transition to electric vehicles (EVs). On the CAPEX metric alone, we can see that these competitors will actually spend more next year than Tesla.\nA lot more.\nALBERT BRIDGE CAPITAL\nBut still, let’s assume all the legacy automakers fail to maintain share. Let’s also envision that most of the profits in the industry will eventually go to Tesla (as they have in handsets to Apple).\nAs a baseline, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate over $50 billion in sales this year. Over 85% of these sales are related to its automotive business.\nIn 2035, if EVs represents 95% of all new cars sold, and Tesla has the same 16% market share as Apple does today (significantly eclipsing that of VW or Toyota), it will be producing 22 million cars and light trucks, and generating sales of over $1 trillion.\nThis year, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate nearly $7 billion in adjusted net income (which will include approximately $1.2 billion in profits driven by regulatory credits).\nIf Tesla were able to generate the same 24% net earnings margin as Apple does today (remember VW is at 5% and Toyota at 7%), then it would produce about $250 billion of earnings in 2035.\nAs Tesla has grown from zero to one million cars, it has built production facilities in Freemont, Shanghai and soon Austin; battery-producing gigafactories in Nevada, Buffalo, Germany and Austin again; and other manufacturing and tooling facilities in Michigan, Ontario, Shanghai, two more in California and three more in Germany.\nTo finance this expansion, Tesla went from 35 million diluted shares in 2009 to 641 million in 2015 to over 1.1 billion today. Of course some of these went to key executives in the firm as compensation, but for the most part, this share issuance helped to finance the firm’s stunning growth to date.\nAnd if Tesla is going to build over 20 million units a year (up from about 1 million this year), this will require a lot more capital. But given its strong share price and internal cash flow generation, let’s assume that the rate of new share issuance at Tesla will slow dramatically, to just 1.5% new shares per year. At this rate, they would have “only” 1.4 billion shares in 2035.\nAnd in that year, on production of 22 million vehicles at an average selling price of $46,000 (again, our guess) and doing 24% net earnings margins, this $250 billion of earnings would work out to about $178 per share.\nGiven Tesla’s domination in this scenario where it maxes out its market share, the only negative is that it would no longer be a secular story, but one more exposed to the cyclical nature of automaking. So its huge amount of revenue and income would naturally be growing much more slowly by then. But, again for the sake of this exercise, let’s assume that Tesla will still find a way to continue to generate a consistent 10% EPS growth on that $250 billion number.\nAnd despite this slowing, let’s also assume that investors will want to pay a P/E ratio of over 20 for a now huge and cyclical business.\nOn a P/E of 22.5, that would work out to a market cap of $5.6 trillion, and a share price of $4,000.\nThese are big numbers. And despite what we hear from the more optimistic of the Tesla bulls, let’s also assume that today’s shareholders only hope to make 10% per year between now and 2035.\nIf we discount that $4,000 by 10% back to today, the shares are worth $1,050.\nThat is pretty close to where we are right now.\nSo all that above is what needs to happen for $1,050 to be a fair share price today.\nDoubters, admittedly like us, will suggest that the execution risk is tremendous, and these market shares (and particularly the margins) may be impossible.\nYet, despite the fact that we actually can’t ignore the differences between the mobile phone and automobile industries noted above, the believers – who may indeed be right – will literally need to see Apple-esque industry dynamics, market shares and earnings margins for this all to make sense.\nIt is also important to consider that for there to be even more upside in the shares from current levels, Tesla will actually have to exceed everything that Apple has accomplished.\nWhether a bull or a bear, there is no doubting that what Musk has achieved thus far has been nothing short of incredible. Five years ago, few would have thought it even possible that Hertz would order 100,000 Teslas in a single order for its car rental fleet, or that Tesla would produce and sell a million cars in a single year.\nHe will continue to do incredible things.  He has changed the world and the mindset of his competitors. None of that is in question. The future that his share price is discounting is the question we are asking today.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"AAPL":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1832,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":144587020,"gmtCreate":1626306473460,"gmtModify":1626314044938,"author":{"id":"4087715715728880","authorId":"4087715715728880","name":"Stuckey","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/193c945ddd2b8c939a2f884b0eade27c","crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"4087715715728880","authorIdStr":"4087715715728880"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"We wait to see what he has to offer&nbsp;","listText":"We wait to see what he has to offer&nbsp;","text":"We wait to see what he has to offer","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/144587020","repostId":"1125163957","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":879,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":158504057,"gmtCreate":1625153828179,"gmtModify":1625154504118,"author":{"id":"4087715715728880","authorId":"4087715715728880","name":"Stuckey","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/193c945ddd2b8c939a2f884b0eade27c","crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"idStr":"4087715715728880","authorIdStr":"4087715715728880"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Great","listText":"Great","text":"Great","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/158504057","repostId":"1113357649","repostType":2,"repost":{"id":"1113357649","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1625133776,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1113357649?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-07-01 18:02","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Amazon: Undervalued With Potential Upside Of 25%<blockquote>亚马逊：被低估，潜在上涨空间为25%</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1113357649","media":"seekingalpha","summary":"Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters.I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share .The company's improving top line and bottom line performance  suggests that the stock is currently undervalued by 3.9%.Amazon, a $1.74 trillion company. This is the current market capitalization  of the company and this implies that it is currently 15.18% away from being a $2 trillion company, not bad no?I initiate","content":"<p><b>Summary</b></p><p><blockquote><b>总结</b></blockquote></p><p> <ul>  <li>Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters.</li>  <li>I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share).</li>  <li>The company's improving top line and bottom line performance (which is expected to continue) suggests that the stock is currently undervalued by 3.9%.</li> </ul> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/51ce52baed5afae04a384059297465d3\" tg-width=\"1536\" tg-height=\"1024\"><span>Daria Nipot/iStock Editorial via Getty Images</span></p><p><blockquote><ul><li>亚马逊是一家独特且不断发展的公司，它利用其颠覆性平台来颠覆其进入的任何新业务。</li><li>我对亚马逊的评级为看涨，公允价值为3576美元/股（当前价格为3443美元/股）。</li><li>该公司营收和利润业绩的改善（预计将持续下去）表明该股目前被低估了3.9%。</li></ul><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>Daria Nipot/iStock社论来自Getty Images</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <b>Company Overview</b></p><p><blockquote><b>公司概况</b></blockquote></p><p> Amazon(NASDAQ:AMZN), a $1.74 trillion company. This is the current market capitalization (as of 06/29/2021) of the company and this implies that it is currently 15.18% away from being a $2 trillion company, not bad no?</p><p><blockquote>亚马逊（纳斯达克股票代码：AMZN），一家市值1.74万亿美元的公司。这是该公司目前的市值（截至2021年6月29日），这意味着它目前距离成为2万亿美元的公司还有15.18%的距离，还不错吧？</blockquote></p><p> Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters. For example, when Amazon announced the acquisition of Whole Foods, Walmart(NYSE:WMT), Kroger(NYSE:KR), Target(NYSE:TGT)took a&nbsp;nice hit&nbsp;in market value. I believe that the company will be able to keep delivering strong top line growth and continued growth in margins, fueled not only by the company's current business expansion but also by entering into new markets and new businesses.</p><p><blockquote>亚马逊是一家独特且不断发展的公司，它利用其颠覆性平台来颠覆其进入的任何新业务。例如，当亚马逊宣布收购全食超市时，沃尔玛（纽约证券交易所代码：WMT）、克罗格（纽约证券交易所代码：KR）、塔吉特（纽约证券交易所代码：TGT）的市值遭受了巨大打击。我相信，公司将能够继续实现强劲的营收增长和利润率的持续增长，这不仅得益于公司当前的业务扩张，还得益于进入新市场和新业务。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Company Analysis</b></p><p><blockquote><b>公司分析</b></blockquote></p><p> I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share). The FV is an algorithm-adjusted fair value (the algorithm takes into account fundamental and technical factors, such as DCF FV, momentum, etc.) and it implies that the stock is undervalued by 3.9%.</p><p><blockquote>我对亚马逊的评级为看涨，公允价值为3576美元/股（当前价格为3443美元/股）。FV是算法调整后的公允价值（算法考虑了基本面和技术因素，如DCF FV、动量等。）它意味着股票被低估了3.9%。</blockquote></p><p> To compute the DCF FV, I used the trailing twelve-month numbers and I also restated the financials since I capitalized on R&amp;D expenses with an amortizable life of 3 years. As&nbsp;with Apple(NASDAQ:AAPL), I don't believe that Amazon's R&amp;D is an operating expense, and for this reason, I treat it as CapEx. By taking into account the R&amp;D, the following metrics have been restated (all numbers in $mm).</p><p><blockquote>为了计算DCF FV，我使用了过去12个月的数据，并且我还重述了财务数据，因为我将可摊销期限为3年的研发费用资本化。与苹果（纳斯达克股票代码：AAPL）一样，我不认为亚马逊的研发是一项运营费用，因此，我将其视为资本支出。考虑到研发，以下指标已被重述（所有数字均以百万美元为单位）。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/bb427d462596db1e1cb1ffc99acc90e4\" tg-width=\"571\" tg-height=\"240\"><span>Source:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者使用最新10-K报告数据进行的估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Capitalizing on R&amp;D expenses, we have now a more clear picture of the company (i.e. the restated operating margin is now 9.03% TTM vs the non-restated operating margin is 6.63% TTM).</p><p><blockquote>利用研发费用，我们现在对公司有了更清晰的了解（即重述营业利润率现在为9.03%TTM，而非重述营业利润率为6.63%TTM）。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Discounted Cash Flow Model</b></p><p><blockquote><b>折现现金流量模型</b></blockquote></p><p> Now, let's turn to the discounted cash flow valuation part. Below, you can see the results with the relative assumptions I have made.</p><p><blockquote>现在，让我们转向贴现现金流估值部分。下面，你可以看到我所做的相对假设的结果。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/0e215b21ca0b3be5a5e0e7b62e36fb5f\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"268\"><span>Source:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者使用最新10-K报告数据进行的估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> In my DCF model, I assume a revenue growth for the Y1 of 21.2%, a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% and I assume a terminal year growth rate of 1.48% (or the current yield on 10Y Treasury). The decision of using the current and not expected yield is due to the willingness to remain market neutral (perhaps you can use&nbsp;Goldman Sachs expectations&nbsp;of 1.9%). The current assumptions lead to revenues of $1,253,844 million in Y10.</p><p><blockquote>在我的DCF模型中，我假设Y1的收入增长率为21.2%，Y2-Y5的复合年增长率为15%，并假设最终年增长率为1.48%（或10年期国债的当前收益率）。使用当前而非预期收益率的决定是出于保持市场中性的意愿（或许可以使用高盛1.9%的预期）。目前的假设导致Y10的收入为12,538.44亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> Along the road, I also assume an improving outlook for operating margins with the target operating margin of 13.2% (vs current restated operating margin of 9.03%). If the company will be able to meet this target, it will result in operating margins in Y10 of $163,097 million.</p><p><blockquote>在此过程中，我还假设营业利润率前景有所改善，目标营业利润率为13.2%（当前重述营业利润率为9.03%）。如果公司能够实现这一目标，2010年的营业利润率将达到1630.97亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> Finally, in doing my estimates, I used a WACC of 5.75% and a sales to capital ratio (or how much the company is going to reinvest to keep its business growing) of 2.95.</p><p><blockquote>最后，在进行估计时，我使用了5.75%的WACC和2.95的销售资本比率（或公司将进行多少再投资以保持业务增长）。</blockquote></p><p> By putting it together, I obtain a DCF value of $3328/share.</p><p><blockquote>通过将它们放在一起，我获得了3328美元/股的DCF值。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Monte Carlo Simulation</b></p><p><blockquote><b>蒙特卡罗模拟</b></blockquote></p><p> Rather than showing you only my point estimates, which may be right but also may be wrong, let's use probability distributions for inputs. Simulations allow us to assess the impact of continuous risk (e.g., changes in operating margins). In particular, I would like to focus on what I consider the main inputs of interest to get a bigger picture of the risk in the company. Those inputs are:</p><p><blockquote>与其只向您展示我的点估计，这可能是正确的，也可能是错误的，让我们使用概率分布作为输入。模拟使我们能够评估持续风险的影响（例如，营业利润率的变化）。特别是，我想重点关注我认为感兴趣的主要输入，以更好地了解公司的风险。这些输入是：</blockquote></p><p> <i>1. Revenue Growth:</i></p><p><blockquote><i>1、收入增长：</i></blockquote></p><p></p><p> In my DCF analysis, I assumed an expected CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% with lower rates going forward. This assumption lead to revenues in Y10 of $1,253,844 million. While it is a reasonable assumption, Amazon is full of surprises, and it may deliver a top line growth well above my expectations. In the latter, I see a possible scenario with a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 24%, resulting in Y10 revenues of $1,989,952 million. However, we all know that regulators represent a big risk for the company. According to&nbsp;WSJ sources, if the \"giant-tech bill\" will pass, the company may be forced to either split into two companies or spin off its private-label product businesses. This represents a big risk that may slow down Amazon's growth, which could translate into a growth rate of 6% (resulting in Y10 revenues of $764,723 million). To sum up, I will assume a uniform distribution with a maximum of 24% and a minimum of 6%. The results are displayed below (this simulation and the next one have been performed 10,000 times).</p><p><blockquote>在我的DCF分析中，我假设Y2-Y5的预期复合年增长率为15%，未来利率较低。这一假设导致2010年的收入为125,384.4亿美元。虽然这是一个合理的假设，但亚马逊充满了惊喜，它可能会实现远高于我预期的营收增长。在后者中，我认为CAGR Y2-Y5为24%，导致Y10收入为1,9899.52亿美元。然而，我们都知道监管机构对公司来说是一个很大的风险。据《华尔街日报》消息人士透露，如果“巨人科技法案”获得通过，该公司可能会被迫拆分为两家公司或剥离其自有品牌产品业务。这是一个很大的风险，可能会减缓亚马逊的增长，这可能会转化为6%的增长率（导致Y10收入为7647.23亿美元）。综上所述，我将假设最大24%，最小6%的均匀分布。结果如下所示（该模拟和下一个模拟已经执行了10,000次）。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/893dff753c8ca210759feb31b3966a5c\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"235\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <i>2. Operating Margin</i>:</p><p><blockquote><i>2.营业利润率</i>：</blockquote></p><p> Currently, Amazon has a restated operating margin of 9.03% TTM (vs not restated EBIT margin of 6.83%). In my DCF, I assumed a target operating margin of 13.2%. While this represents my most likely scenario for the company, I cannot close my eyes to the fact that, even if the company is improving its margins, it is following a very slow climb. Below, I display the non-restated EBIT margin for the last 5 years.</p><p><blockquote>目前，亚马逊的TTM重述营业利润率为9.03%（未重述息税前利润率为6.83%）。在我的DCF中，我假设目标营业利润率为13.2%。虽然这代表了我对该公司最有可能的情况，但我不能忽视这样一个事实：即使该公司的利润率正在提高，但它的攀升速度也非常缓慢。下面，我显示了过去5年未经重述的息税前利润率。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6d66fcb05f4254b15de278f016121ffa\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"221\"><span>Source:SeekingAlpha.com</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：SeekingAlpha.com</span></p></blockquote></p><p> However, as I stated at the beginning, Amazon is a disruptive company with the ability to do extraordinary things. For instance, AWS presents a current operating margin of 30% TTM and a revenue growth rate of 29.53% in 2020. A trend which is expected to continue, driven by improving outlook and with new partners joining the party. The last to join the party are Ferrari(NYSE:RACE)and Swisscom(OTCPK:SWZCF)who have chosen AWS as their&nbsp;preferred cloud partner.</p><p><blockquote>然而，正如我在开头所说，亚马逊是一家颠覆性的公司，有能力做出非凡的事情。例如，AWS目前的营业利润率为30%TTM，2020年收入增长率为29.53%。在前景改善和新合作伙伴加入的推动下，这一趋势预计将持续下去。最后加入这一行列的是法拉利(NYSE：RACE)和瑞士电信(OTCPK：SWZCF)，他们选择AWS作为首选云合作伙伴。</blockquote></p><p> In 2020,according to Gartner, AWS generated revenue 2 times bigger than Microsoft(NASDAQ:MSFT). As stated by Gartner:</p><p><blockquote>根据Gartner的数据，2020年AWS的收入是微软（纳斯达克：MSFT）的2倍。如Gartner所述：</blockquote></p><p>   <i>The worldwide</i>&nbsp;  <i>infrastructure as a service(IaaS) market grew 40.7% in 2020 to total $64.3 billion, up from $45.7 billion in 2019, according to Gartner, Inc. Amazon retained the No. 1 position in the IaaS market in 2020, followed by Microsoft, Alibaba, Google and Huawei... Amazon continued to lead the worldwide IaaS market with $26.2 billion of revenue in 2020 and 41% market share.</i>  <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ac00a17cbbd930ad6464a63f6d4f98eb\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"388\"><span>Source:Gartner.com</span></p><p><blockquote><i>世界范围</i> <i>根据Gartner，Inc.的数据，基础设施即服务（IaaS）市场在2020年增长了40.7%，达到643亿美元，高于2019年的457亿美元。亚马逊在2020年保持了IaaS市场的第一名，其次是微软、阿里巴巴-SW、谷歌和华为...亚马逊在2020年以262亿美元的收入和41%的市场份额继续引领全球IaaS市场。</i><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：Gartner.com</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Finally, to account for my concerns and beliefs, I will assume a triangular distribution with the following limits: the likeliest target operating margin of 13.2%, a maximum of 18.4%, and a minimum of 8% (close to the current company's EBIT margin). The results are displayed below.</p><p><blockquote>最后，为了说明我的担忧和信念，我将假设一个三角形分布，并有以下限制：最可能的目标营业利润率为13.2%，最高为18.4%，最低为8%（接近当前公司的息税前利润率）。结果如下所示。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/054e2db392be500768de741516186013\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"237\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <i>3. Cost of Capital:</i></p><p><blockquote><i>3.资金成本：</i></blockquote></p><p> The last input of interest is the cost of capital. In doing my analysis, I estimated a cost of capital of 5.8% (with the current 10Y rate of 1.48 and an implied ERP of 4.54%). However, I may be wrong due to sector risk estimates or changes in the business mix (or both). To account for the possibility that I made some mistakes along the road, I will rely on a lognormal distribution with the most likely scenario of 5.8%. The results of the simulation are displayed below.</p><p><blockquote>利息的最后一个输入是资本成本。在进行分析时，我估计资本成本为5.8%（当前10年利率为1.48，隐含ERP为4.54%）。然而，由于行业风险估计或业务组合的变化（或两者兼而有之），我可能是错误的。为了说明我在这条路上犯了一些错误的可能性，我将依赖对数正态分布，最有可能的情况是5.8%。模拟结果如下所示。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a7d51740fa35eb9aedbc58c4c49d96eb\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"235\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> By putting all of this together, the simulations return the following results.</p><p><blockquote>通过将所有这些放在一起，模拟返回以下结果。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/139c89300706eab1e37dd1c992286d31\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"222\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> For completeness, I also display below the relative and cumulative frequency of the simulation.</p><p><blockquote>为了完整起见，我还在下面显示了模拟的相对频率和累积频率。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af7a908e21b8678a775a3e1742161a7d\" tg-width=\"573\" tg-height=\"644\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> By looking at the results, we can see that the 50th percentile or the median is equal to $3274, close to the expected DCF FV of $3328. While the algorithm-adjusted FV of $3576 is the 60th percentile in my simulations (note also the long right tail).</p><p><blockquote>通过查看结果，我们可以看到第50百分位或中位数等于3274美元，接近预期的DCF FV 3328美元。而算法调整后的FV为3576美元，是我模拟中的第60百分位（也请注意右尾长）。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Finally, simulation results give us an interesting insight into a potential exit point. I believe that an interesting take profit point may be within the 80th percentile, which implies a potential upside of 24.89%. Why within the 80th percentile? I believe that, after reaching the $2.0 trillion company status, we will see the last climb of euphoria before investors start to take profits.</p><p><blockquote>最后，模拟结果让我们对潜在的退出点有了有趣的了解。我认为一个有趣的止盈点可能在第80百分位内，这意味着24.89%的潜在上涨空间。为什么在第80百分位以内？我相信，在达到2.0万亿美元的公司地位后，我们将看到投资者开始获利了结之前最后一次兴奋的攀升。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Final Thoughts</b></p><p><blockquote><b>最后的想法</b></blockquote></p><p> Both the algorithm-adjusted fair value and the Monte Carlo simulation suggest and support the bullish rating. The results found suggest that the stock is currently undervalued and that the company has still more room to go. What may drive the price to go higher? Well, there are different factors that may drive it. One of those is for sure corporate news. For instance, the company may introduce new products or announce a stock split (For the latter, I think this is unlikely, at least not now). However, don't forget also the other side, the risks. There are many risks associated with being invested in the company, one of those is represented by antitrust and regulators.</p><p><blockquote>算法调整后的公允价值和蒙特卡罗模拟都建议并支持看涨评级。结果表明，该股目前被低估，该公司仍有更大的发展空间。什么可能会推动价格走高？嗯，有不同的因素可能会驱动它。其中之一肯定是企业新闻。例如，公司可能会推出新产品或宣布股票分割（对于后者，我认为这不太可能，至少现在不太可能）。然而，也不要忘记另一面，风险。投资该公司存在许多风险，其中之一就是反垄断和监管机构。</blockquote></p><p></p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Amazon: Undervalued With Potential Upside Of 25%<blockquote>亚马逊：被低估，潜在上涨空间为25%</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nAmazon: Undervalued With Potential Upside Of 25%<blockquote>亚马逊：被低估，潜在上涨空间为25%</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">seekingalpha</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-07-01 18:02</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p><b>Summary</b></p><p><blockquote><b>总结</b></blockquote></p><p> <ul>  <li>Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters.</li>  <li>I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share).</li>  <li>The company's improving top line and bottom line performance (which is expected to continue) suggests that the stock is currently undervalued by 3.9%.</li> </ul> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/51ce52baed5afae04a384059297465d3\" tg-width=\"1536\" tg-height=\"1024\"><span>Daria Nipot/iStock Editorial via Getty Images</span></p><p><blockquote><ul><li>亚马逊是一家独特且不断发展的公司，它利用其颠覆性平台来颠覆其进入的任何新业务。</li><li>我对亚马逊的评级为看涨，公允价值为3576美元/股（当前价格为3443美元/股）。</li><li>该公司营收和利润业绩的改善（预计将持续下去）表明该股目前被低估了3.9%。</li></ul><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>Daria Nipot/iStock社论来自Getty Images</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <b>Company Overview</b></p><p><blockquote><b>公司概况</b></blockquote></p><p> Amazon(NASDAQ:AMZN), a $1.74 trillion company. This is the current market capitalization (as of 06/29/2021) of the company and this implies that it is currently 15.18% away from being a $2 trillion company, not bad no?</p><p><blockquote>亚马逊（纳斯达克股票代码：AMZN），一家市值1.74万亿美元的公司。这是该公司目前的市值（截至2021年6月29日），这意味着它目前距离成为2万亿美元的公司还有15.18%的距离，还不错吧？</blockquote></p><p> Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters. For example, when Amazon announced the acquisition of Whole Foods, Walmart(NYSE:WMT), Kroger(NYSE:KR), Target(NYSE:TGT)took a&nbsp;nice hit&nbsp;in market value. I believe that the company will be able to keep delivering strong top line growth and continued growth in margins, fueled not only by the company's current business expansion but also by entering into new markets and new businesses.</p><p><blockquote>亚马逊是一家独特且不断发展的公司，它利用其颠覆性平台来颠覆其进入的任何新业务。例如，当亚马逊宣布收购全食超市时，沃尔玛（纽约证券交易所代码：WMT）、克罗格（纽约证券交易所代码：KR）、塔吉特（纽约证券交易所代码：TGT）的市值遭受了巨大打击。我相信，公司将能够继续实现强劲的营收增长和利润率的持续增长，这不仅得益于公司当前的业务扩张，还得益于进入新市场和新业务。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Company Analysis</b></p><p><blockquote><b>公司分析</b></blockquote></p><p> I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share). The FV is an algorithm-adjusted fair value (the algorithm takes into account fundamental and technical factors, such as DCF FV, momentum, etc.) and it implies that the stock is undervalued by 3.9%.</p><p><blockquote>我对亚马逊的评级为看涨，公允价值为3576美元/股（当前价格为3443美元/股）。FV是算法调整后的公允价值（算法考虑了基本面和技术因素，如DCF FV、动量等。）它意味着股票被低估了3.9%。</blockquote></p><p> To compute the DCF FV, I used the trailing twelve-month numbers and I also restated the financials since I capitalized on R&amp;D expenses with an amortizable life of 3 years. As&nbsp;with Apple(NASDAQ:AAPL), I don't believe that Amazon's R&amp;D is an operating expense, and for this reason, I treat it as CapEx. By taking into account the R&amp;D, the following metrics have been restated (all numbers in $mm).</p><p><blockquote>为了计算DCF FV，我使用了过去12个月的数据，并且我还重述了财务数据，因为我将可摊销期限为3年的研发费用资本化。与苹果（纳斯达克股票代码：AAPL）一样，我不认为亚马逊的研发是一项运营费用，因此，我将其视为资本支出。考虑到研发，以下指标已被重述（所有数字均以百万美元为单位）。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/bb427d462596db1e1cb1ffc99acc90e4\" tg-width=\"571\" tg-height=\"240\"><span>Source:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者使用最新10-K报告数据进行的估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Capitalizing on R&amp;D expenses, we have now a more clear picture of the company (i.e. the restated operating margin is now 9.03% TTM vs the non-restated operating margin is 6.63% TTM).</p><p><blockquote>利用研发费用，我们现在对公司有了更清晰的了解（即重述营业利润率现在为9.03%TTM，而非重述营业利润率为6.63%TTM）。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Discounted Cash Flow Model</b></p><p><blockquote><b>折现现金流量模型</b></blockquote></p><p> Now, let's turn to the discounted cash flow valuation part. Below, you can see the results with the relative assumptions I have made.</p><p><blockquote>现在，让我们转向贴现现金流估值部分。下面，你可以看到我所做的相对假设的结果。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/0e215b21ca0b3be5a5e0e7b62e36fb5f\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"268\"><span>Source:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者使用最新10-K报告数据进行的估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> In my DCF model, I assume a revenue growth for the Y1 of 21.2%, a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% and I assume a terminal year growth rate of 1.48% (or the current yield on 10Y Treasury). The decision of using the current and not expected yield is due to the willingness to remain market neutral (perhaps you can use&nbsp;Goldman Sachs expectations&nbsp;of 1.9%). The current assumptions lead to revenues of $1,253,844 million in Y10.</p><p><blockquote>在我的DCF模型中，我假设Y1的收入增长率为21.2%，Y2-Y5的复合年增长率为15%，并假设最终年增长率为1.48%（或10年期国债的当前收益率）。使用当前而非预期收益率的决定是出于保持市场中性的意愿（或许可以使用高盛1.9%的预期）。目前的假设导致Y10的收入为12,538.44亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> Along the road, I also assume an improving outlook for operating margins with the target operating margin of 13.2% (vs current restated operating margin of 9.03%). If the company will be able to meet this target, it will result in operating margins in Y10 of $163,097 million.</p><p><blockquote>在此过程中，我还假设营业利润率前景有所改善，目标营业利润率为13.2%（当前重述营业利润率为9.03%）。如果公司能够实现这一目标，2010年的营业利润率将达到1630.97亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> Finally, in doing my estimates, I used a WACC of 5.75% and a sales to capital ratio (or how much the company is going to reinvest to keep its business growing) of 2.95.</p><p><blockquote>最后，在进行估计时，我使用了5.75%的WACC和2.95的销售资本比率（或公司将进行多少再投资以保持业务增长）。</blockquote></p><p> By putting it together, I obtain a DCF value of $3328/share.</p><p><blockquote>通过将它们放在一起，我获得了3328美元/股的DCF值。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Monte Carlo Simulation</b></p><p><blockquote><b>蒙特卡罗模拟</b></blockquote></p><p> Rather than showing you only my point estimates, which may be right but also may be wrong, let's use probability distributions for inputs. Simulations allow us to assess the impact of continuous risk (e.g., changes in operating margins). In particular, I would like to focus on what I consider the main inputs of interest to get a bigger picture of the risk in the company. Those inputs are:</p><p><blockquote>与其只向您展示我的点估计，这可能是正确的，也可能是错误的，让我们使用概率分布作为输入。模拟使我们能够评估持续风险的影响（例如，营业利润率的变化）。特别是，我想重点关注我认为感兴趣的主要输入，以更好地了解公司的风险。这些输入是：</blockquote></p><p> <i>1. Revenue Growth:</i></p><p><blockquote><i>1、收入增长：</i></blockquote></p><p></p><p> In my DCF analysis, I assumed an expected CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% with lower rates going forward. This assumption lead to revenues in Y10 of $1,253,844 million. While it is a reasonable assumption, Amazon is full of surprises, and it may deliver a top line growth well above my expectations. In the latter, I see a possible scenario with a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 24%, resulting in Y10 revenues of $1,989,952 million. However, we all know that regulators represent a big risk for the company. According to&nbsp;WSJ sources, if the \"giant-tech bill\" will pass, the company may be forced to either split into two companies or spin off its private-label product businesses. This represents a big risk that may slow down Amazon's growth, which could translate into a growth rate of 6% (resulting in Y10 revenues of $764,723 million). To sum up, I will assume a uniform distribution with a maximum of 24% and a minimum of 6%. The results are displayed below (this simulation and the next one have been performed 10,000 times).</p><p><blockquote>在我的DCF分析中，我假设Y2-Y5的预期复合年增长率为15%，未来利率较低。这一假设导致2010年的收入为125,384.4亿美元。虽然这是一个合理的假设，但亚马逊充满了惊喜，它可能会实现远高于我预期的营收增长。在后者中，我认为CAGR Y2-Y5为24%，导致Y10收入为1,9899.52亿美元。然而，我们都知道监管机构对公司来说是一个很大的风险。据《华尔街日报》消息人士透露，如果“巨人科技法案”获得通过，该公司可能会被迫拆分为两家公司或剥离其自有品牌产品业务。这是一个很大的风险，可能会减缓亚马逊的增长，这可能会转化为6%的增长率（导致Y10收入为7647.23亿美元）。综上所述，我将假设最大24%，最小6%的均匀分布。结果如下所示（该模拟和下一个模拟已经执行了10,000次）。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/893dff753c8ca210759feb31b3966a5c\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"235\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <i>2. Operating Margin</i>:</p><p><blockquote><i>2.营业利润率</i>：</blockquote></p><p> Currently, Amazon has a restated operating margin of 9.03% TTM (vs not restated EBIT margin of 6.83%). In my DCF, I assumed a target operating margin of 13.2%. While this represents my most likely scenario for the company, I cannot close my eyes to the fact that, even if the company is improving its margins, it is following a very slow climb. Below, I display the non-restated EBIT margin for the last 5 years.</p><p><blockquote>目前，亚马逊的TTM重述营业利润率为9.03%（未重述息税前利润率为6.83%）。在我的DCF中，我假设目标营业利润率为13.2%。虽然这代表了我对该公司最有可能的情况，但我不能忽视这样一个事实：即使该公司的利润率正在提高，但它的攀升速度也非常缓慢。下面，我显示了过去5年未经重述的息税前利润率。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6d66fcb05f4254b15de278f016121ffa\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"221\"><span>Source:SeekingAlpha.com</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：SeekingAlpha.com</span></p></blockquote></p><p> However, as I stated at the beginning, Amazon is a disruptive company with the ability to do extraordinary things. For instance, AWS presents a current operating margin of 30% TTM and a revenue growth rate of 29.53% in 2020. A trend which is expected to continue, driven by improving outlook and with new partners joining the party. The last to join the party are Ferrari(NYSE:RACE)and Swisscom(OTCPK:SWZCF)who have chosen AWS as their&nbsp;preferred cloud partner.</p><p><blockquote>然而，正如我在开头所说，亚马逊是一家颠覆性的公司，有能力做出非凡的事情。例如，AWS目前的营业利润率为30%TTM，2020年收入增长率为29.53%。在前景改善和新合作伙伴加入的推动下，这一趋势预计将持续下去。最后加入这一行列的是法拉利(NYSE：RACE)和瑞士电信(OTCPK：SWZCF)，他们选择AWS作为首选云合作伙伴。</blockquote></p><p> In 2020,according to Gartner, AWS generated revenue 2 times bigger than Microsoft(NASDAQ:MSFT). As stated by Gartner:</p><p><blockquote>根据Gartner的数据，2020年AWS的收入是微软（纳斯达克：MSFT）的2倍。如Gartner所述：</blockquote></p><p>   <i>The worldwide</i>&nbsp;  <i>infrastructure as a service(IaaS) market grew 40.7% in 2020 to total $64.3 billion, up from $45.7 billion in 2019, according to Gartner, Inc. Amazon retained the No. 1 position in the IaaS market in 2020, followed by Microsoft, Alibaba, Google and Huawei... Amazon continued to lead the worldwide IaaS market with $26.2 billion of revenue in 2020 and 41% market share.</i>  <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ac00a17cbbd930ad6464a63f6d4f98eb\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"388\"><span>Source:Gartner.com</span></p><p><blockquote><i>世界范围</i> <i>根据Gartner，Inc.的数据，基础设施即服务（IaaS）市场在2020年增长了40.7%，达到643亿美元，高于2019年的457亿美元。亚马逊在2020年保持了IaaS市场的第一名，其次是微软、阿里巴巴-SW、谷歌和华为...亚马逊在2020年以262亿美元的收入和41%的市场份额继续引领全球IaaS市场。</i><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：Gartner.com</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Finally, to account for my concerns and beliefs, I will assume a triangular distribution with the following limits: the likeliest target operating margin of 13.2%, a maximum of 18.4%, and a minimum of 8% (close to the current company's EBIT margin). The results are displayed below.</p><p><blockquote>最后，为了说明我的担忧和信念，我将假设一个三角形分布，并有以下限制：最可能的目标营业利润率为13.2%，最高为18.4%，最低为8%（接近当前公司的息税前利润率）。结果如下所示。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/054e2db392be500768de741516186013\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"237\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <i>3. Cost of Capital:</i></p><p><blockquote><i>3.资金成本：</i></blockquote></p><p> The last input of interest is the cost of capital. In doing my analysis, I estimated a cost of capital of 5.8% (with the current 10Y rate of 1.48 and an implied ERP of 4.54%). However, I may be wrong due to sector risk estimates or changes in the business mix (or both). To account for the possibility that I made some mistakes along the road, I will rely on a lognormal distribution with the most likely scenario of 5.8%. The results of the simulation are displayed below.</p><p><blockquote>利息的最后一个输入是资本成本。在进行分析时，我估计资本成本为5.8%（当前10年利率为1.48，隐含ERP为4.54%）。然而，由于行业风险估计或业务组合的变化（或两者兼而有之），我可能是错误的。为了说明我在这条路上犯了一些错误的可能性，我将依赖对数正态分布，最有可能的情况是5.8%。模拟结果如下所示。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a7d51740fa35eb9aedbc58c4c49d96eb\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"235\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> By putting all of this together, the simulations return the following results.</p><p><blockquote>通过将所有这些放在一起，模拟返回以下结果。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/139c89300706eab1e37dd1c992286d31\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"222\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> For completeness, I also display below the relative and cumulative frequency of the simulation.</p><p><blockquote>为了完整起见，我还在下面显示了模拟的相对频率和累积频率。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af7a908e21b8678a775a3e1742161a7d\" tg-width=\"573\" tg-height=\"644\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> By looking at the results, we can see that the 50th percentile or the median is equal to $3274, close to the expected DCF FV of $3328. While the algorithm-adjusted FV of $3576 is the 60th percentile in my simulations (note also the long right tail).</p><p><blockquote>通过查看结果，我们可以看到第50百分位或中位数等于3274美元，接近预期的DCF FV 3328美元。而算法调整后的FV为3576美元，是我模拟中的第60百分位（也请注意右尾长）。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Finally, simulation results give us an interesting insight into a potential exit point. I believe that an interesting take profit point may be within the 80th percentile, which implies a potential upside of 24.89%. Why within the 80th percentile? I believe that, after reaching the $2.0 trillion company status, we will see the last climb of euphoria before investors start to take profits.</p><p><blockquote>最后，模拟结果让我们对潜在的退出点有了有趣的了解。我认为一个有趣的止盈点可能在第80百分位内，这意味着24.89%的潜在上涨空间。为什么在第80百分位以内？我相信，在达到2.0万亿美元的公司地位后，我们将看到投资者开始获利了结之前最后一次兴奋的攀升。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Final Thoughts</b></p><p><blockquote><b>最后的想法</b></blockquote></p><p> Both the algorithm-adjusted fair value and the Monte Carlo simulation suggest and support the bullish rating. The results found suggest that the stock is currently undervalued and that the company has still more room to go. What may drive the price to go higher? Well, there are different factors that may drive it. One of those is for sure corporate news. For instance, the company may introduce new products or announce a stock split (For the latter, I think this is unlikely, at least not now). However, don't forget also the other side, the risks. There are many risks associated with being invested in the company, one of those is represented by antitrust and regulators.</p><p><blockquote>算法调整后的公允价值和蒙特卡罗模拟都建议并支持看涨评级。结果表明，该股目前被低估，该公司仍有更大的发展空间。什么可能会推动价格走高？嗯，有不同的因素可能会驱动它。其中之一肯定是企业新闻。例如，公司可能会推出新产品或宣布股票分割（对于后者，我认为这不太可能，至少现在不太可能）。然而，也不要忘记另一面，风险。投资该公司存在许多风险，其中之一就是反垄断和监管机构。</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://seekingalpha.com/article/4437291-amazon-stock-amzn-undervalued-with-potential-upside-of-25-percent\">seekingalpha</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"AMZN":"亚马逊"},"source_url":"https://seekingalpha.com/article/4437291-amazon-stock-amzn-undervalued-with-potential-upside-of-25-percent","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1113357649","content_text":"Summary\n\nAmazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters.\nI initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share).\nThe company's improving top line and bottom line performance (which is expected to continue) suggests that the stock is currently undervalued by 3.9%.\n\nDaria Nipot/iStock Editorial via Getty Images\nCompany Overview\nAmazon(NASDAQ:AMZN), a $1.74 trillion company. This is the current market capitalization (as of 06/29/2021) of the company and this implies that it is currently 15.18% away from being a $2 trillion company, not bad no?\nAmazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters. For example, when Amazon announced the acquisition of Whole Foods, Walmart(NYSE:WMT), Kroger(NYSE:KR), Target(NYSE:TGT)took a nice hit in market value. I believe that the company will be able to keep delivering strong top line growth and continued growth in margins, fueled not only by the company's current business expansion but also by entering into new markets and new businesses.\nCompany Analysis\nI initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share). The FV is an algorithm-adjusted fair value (the algorithm takes into account fundamental and technical factors, such as DCF FV, momentum, etc.) and it implies that the stock is undervalued by 3.9%.\nTo compute the DCF FV, I used the trailing twelve-month numbers and I also restated the financials since I capitalized on R&D expenses with an amortizable life of 3 years. As with Apple(NASDAQ:AAPL), I don't believe that Amazon's R&D is an operating expense, and for this reason, I treat it as CapEx. By taking into account the R&D, the following metrics have been restated (all numbers in $mm).\nSource:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report\nCapitalizing on R&D expenses, we have now a more clear picture of the company (i.e. the restated operating margin is now 9.03% TTM vs the non-restated operating margin is 6.63% TTM).\nDiscounted Cash Flow Model\nNow, let's turn to the discounted cash flow valuation part. Below, you can see the results with the relative assumptions I have made.\nSource:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report\nIn my DCF model, I assume a revenue growth for the Y1 of 21.2%, a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% and I assume a terminal year growth rate of 1.48% (or the current yield on 10Y Treasury). The decision of using the current and not expected yield is due to the willingness to remain market neutral (perhaps you can use Goldman Sachs expectations of 1.9%). The current assumptions lead to revenues of $1,253,844 million in Y10.\nAlong the road, I also assume an improving outlook for operating margins with the target operating margin of 13.2% (vs current restated operating margin of 9.03%). If the company will be able to meet this target, it will result in operating margins in Y10 of $163,097 million.\nFinally, in doing my estimates, I used a WACC of 5.75% and a sales to capital ratio (or how much the company is going to reinvest to keep its business growing) of 2.95.\nBy putting it together, I obtain a DCF value of $3328/share.\nMonte Carlo Simulation\nRather than showing you only my point estimates, which may be right but also may be wrong, let's use probability distributions for inputs. Simulations allow us to assess the impact of continuous risk (e.g., changes in operating margins). In particular, I would like to focus on what I consider the main inputs of interest to get a bigger picture of the risk in the company. Those inputs are:\n1. Revenue Growth:\nIn my DCF analysis, I assumed an expected CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% with lower rates going forward. This assumption lead to revenues in Y10 of $1,253,844 million. While it is a reasonable assumption, Amazon is full of surprises, and it may deliver a top line growth well above my expectations. In the latter, I see a possible scenario with a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 24%, resulting in Y10 revenues of $1,989,952 million. However, we all know that regulators represent a big risk for the company. According to WSJ sources, if the \"giant-tech bill\" will pass, the company may be forced to either split into two companies or spin off its private-label product businesses. This represents a big risk that may slow down Amazon's growth, which could translate into a growth rate of 6% (resulting in Y10 revenues of $764,723 million). To sum up, I will assume a uniform distribution with a maximum of 24% and a minimum of 6%. The results are displayed below (this simulation and the next one have been performed 10,000 times).\nSource:Author's estimates\n2. Operating Margin:\nCurrently, Amazon has a restated operating margin of 9.03% TTM (vs not restated EBIT margin of 6.83%). In my DCF, I assumed a target operating margin of 13.2%. While this represents my most likely scenario for the company, I cannot close my eyes to the fact that, even if the company is improving its margins, it is following a very slow climb. Below, I display the non-restated EBIT margin for the last 5 years.\nSource:SeekingAlpha.com\nHowever, as I stated at the beginning, Amazon is a disruptive company with the ability to do extraordinary things. For instance, AWS presents a current operating margin of 30% TTM and a revenue growth rate of 29.53% in 2020. A trend which is expected to continue, driven by improving outlook and with new partners joining the party. The last to join the party are Ferrari(NYSE:RACE)and Swisscom(OTCPK:SWZCF)who have chosen AWS as their preferred cloud partner.\nIn 2020,according to Gartner, AWS generated revenue 2 times bigger than Microsoft(NASDAQ:MSFT). As stated by Gartner:\n\nThe worldwide \n infrastructure as a service(IaaS) market grew 40.7% in 2020 to total $64.3 billion, up from $45.7 billion in 2019, according to Gartner, Inc. Amazon retained the No. 1 position in the IaaS market in 2020, followed by Microsoft, Alibaba, Google and Huawei... Amazon continued to lead the worldwide IaaS market with $26.2 billion of revenue in 2020 and 41% market share.\n\nSource:Gartner.com\nFinally, to account for my concerns and beliefs, I will assume a triangular distribution with the following limits: the likeliest target operating margin of 13.2%, a maximum of 18.4%, and a minimum of 8% (close to the current company's EBIT margin). The results are displayed below.\nSource:Author's estimates\n3. Cost of Capital:\nThe last input of interest is the cost of capital. In doing my analysis, I estimated a cost of capital of 5.8% (with the current 10Y rate of 1.48 and an implied ERP of 4.54%). However, I may be wrong due to sector risk estimates or changes in the business mix (or both). To account for the possibility that I made some mistakes along the road, I will rely on a lognormal distribution with the most likely scenario of 5.8%. The results of the simulation are displayed below.\nSource:Author's estimates\nBy putting all of this together, the simulations return the following results.\nSource:Author's estimates\nFor completeness, I also display below the relative and cumulative frequency of the simulation.\nSource:Author's estimates\nBy looking at the results, we can see that the 50th percentile or the median is equal to $3274, close to the expected DCF FV of $3328. While the algorithm-adjusted FV of $3576 is the 60th percentile in my simulations (note also the long right tail).\nFinally, simulation results give us an interesting insight into a potential exit point. I believe that an interesting take profit point may be within the 80th percentile, which implies a potential upside of 24.89%. Why within the 80th percentile? I believe that, after reaching the $2.0 trillion company status, we will see the last climb of euphoria before investors start to take profits.\nFinal Thoughts\nBoth the algorithm-adjusted fair value and the Monte Carlo simulation suggest and support the bullish rating. The results found suggest that the stock is currently undervalued and that the company has still more room to go. What may drive the price to go higher? Well, there are different factors that may drive it. One of those is for sure corporate news. For instance, the company may introduce new products or announce a stock split (For the latter, I think this is unlikely, at least not now). However, don't forget also the other side, the risks. There are many risks associated with being invested in the company, one of those is represented by antitrust and regulators.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"AMZN":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2698,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0}],"hots":[{"id":840767355,"gmtCreate":1635690928592,"gmtModify":1635690928592,"author":{"id":"4087715715728880","authorId":"4087715715728880","name":"Stuckey","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/193c945ddd2b8c939a2f884b0eade27c","crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"4087715715728880","idStr":"4087715715728880"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Great insights","listText":"Great insights","text":"Great insights","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":5,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/840767355","repostId":"2179471352","repostType":2,"repost":{"id":"2179471352","kind":"highlight","pubTimestamp":1635566092,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/2179471352?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-10-30 11:54","market":"hk","language":"en","title":"Opinion:Here's the math for Tesla's stock price if it becomes the Apple of car makers<blockquote>观点：如果特斯拉成为汽车制造商的苹果，其股价的计算结果如下</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=2179471352","media":"Market watch","summary":"For those that don’t know, in the early 2000s it was unimaginable that these legacy mobile phone manufacturers could disappear. In 2006, Research in Motion , the company making BlackBerrys, lost a patent suit against NTP and a U.S. District Court judge slapped an injunction on sales. The Defense Department stepped in, claiming that a Blackberry injunction was a threat to national security. Meanwhile, industry leader Nokia held a 40% market share and by the end of 2007 sported a $230 billion mark","content":"<p>Fans and shareholders of Tesla are making stronger and louder arguments about the future of their favorite company. In them, they draw analogies to one of the most successful brands and businesses in the history of capitalism. They suggest that automaking may go the way of handset manufacturing and that – for TeslaTSLA,+3.43%– there is a strong resemblance to the AppleAAPL,-1.82%vs. Nokia/Blackberry/Ericsson/Motorola dynamic.</p><p><blockquote>特斯拉的粉丝和股东正在就他们最喜欢的公司的未来进行更强烈、更响亮的争论。在这些书中，他们将资本主义历史上最成功的品牌和企业之一进行了类比。他们表示，汽车制造可能会走手机制造的道路，而特斯拉TSLA（+3.43%）与苹果AAPL（-1.82%）有很大相似之处。诺基亚/黑莓/爱立信/摩托罗拉动态。</blockquote></p><p> For those that don’t know, in the early 2000s it was unimaginable that these legacy mobile phone manufacturers could disappear. In 2006, Research in Motion (RIM), the company making BlackBerrys, lost a patent suit against NTP and a U.S. District Court judge slapped an injunction on sales. The Defense Department stepped in, claiming that a Blackberry injunction was a threat to national security. Meanwhile, industry leader Nokia held a 40% market share and by the end of 2007 sported a $230 billion market cap.</p><p><blockquote>对于那些不知道的人来说，在21世纪初，这些传统手机制造商会消失是不可想象的。2006年，制造黑莓手机的Research in Motion(RIM)在针对NTP的专利诉讼中败诉，美国地方法院法官发布了销售禁令。国防部介入，声称黑莓禁令对国家安全构成威胁。与此同时，行业领导者诺基亚占据了40%的市场份额，到2007年底，市值达到2300亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> But something else happened in 2007.</p><p><blockquote>但2007年发生了另一件事。</blockquote></p><p> Steve Jobs introduced the iPhone.</p><p><blockquote>史蒂夫·乔布斯推出了iPhone。</blockquote></p><p> And that changed the game for Nokia, Blackberry and the entire industry, forever.</p><p><blockquote>这永远改变了诺基亚、黑莓和整个行业的游戏规则。</blockquote></p><p> Coincidentally, Jobs introduced that iPhone seven months after Tesla introduced the Roadster at the San Francisco International Auto Show. Fast forward to 2021, and the bulls are suggesting that Apple’s overwhelming success in handset manufacturing can be mirrored in automobile manufacturing by Elon Musk’s Tesla.</p><p><blockquote>巧合的是，乔布斯在特斯拉在三藩市国际车展上推出Roadster七个月后推出了iPhone。快进到2021年，看涨者认为，苹果在手机制造领域取得的压倒性成功可以通过Elon Musk的特斯拉在汽车制造领域得到体现。</blockquote></p><p> For this to happen, let’s first assume that within 15 years buyers will demand a broadly similar “form factor” for any vehicle. Today, there are 250 brands of cars sold to fit all appetites and budgets, and perhaps over 1,000 trims. Meanwhile, thanks to the iPhone, handset hardware has gone from a myriad of styles, sizes and forms to basically one.</p><p><blockquote>为了实现这一点，让我们首先假设在15年内，买家将要求任何车辆具有大致相似的“外形”。如今，有250个品牌的汽车可满足各种需求和预算，或许还有1,000多种装饰。与此同时，多亏了iPhone，手机硬件已经从无数的风格、尺寸和形式变成了基本上只有一种。</blockquote></p><p> Similarly, let’s imagine that the production and value of automobiles and light trucks will become less about the style or performance that is demanded and instead mostly about the software inside the vehicle.</p><p><blockquote>同样，让我们想象一下，汽车和轻型卡车的生产和价值将不再取决于所需的风格或性能，而是主要取决于车辆内部的软件。</blockquote></p><p> Finally (and this is a huge debate, but) let’s presuppose that Tesla will have better software – most importantly better autonomous driving capability – than any other vendor or manufacturer, whether in Silicon Valley, Detroit, Wolfsburg or elsewhere.</p><p><blockquote>最后（这是一个巨大的争论，但是）让我们假设特斯拉将拥有比任何其他供应商或制造商更好的软件——最重要的是更好的自动驾驶能力——无论是在硅谷、底特律、沃尔夫斯堡还是其他地方。</blockquote></p><p> In other words, let’s assume that Tesla is going to become the Apple of automakers.</p><p><blockquote>换句话说，让我们假设特斯拉将成为汽车制造商的苹果。</blockquote></p><p> To do this, we need to ignore that Apple is not just a handset manufacturer. In the first three quarters this year, it reported over $150 billion of iPhone sales, which represented 55% of total sales. It also reported sales from the “Services” segment, which included sales from advertising, digital content, AppleCare and other lines. If we assume all that revenue was driven by the iPhone (even though not all was), then we get the iPhone representing about 65%-70% of Apple’s sales.</p><p><blockquote>要做到这一点，我们需要忽略苹果不仅仅是一家手机制造商。今年前三季度，iPhone销售额超过1500亿美元，占总销售额的55%。它还报告了“服务”部门的销售额，其中包括广告、数字内容、AppleCare和其他产品线的销售额。如果我们假设所有收入都是由iPhone推动的（尽管不是全部），那么我们得到的iPhone约占苹果销售额的65%-70%。</blockquote></p><p> This implies Apple has a substantial business (about $110 billion this year) selling Macs, iPads, wearables and accessories too. So in our “Tesla is Apple” analogy, we need to assume that Tesla will make similar extensions into new products.</p><p><blockquote>这意味着苹果也有大量销售Mac、iPad、可穿戴设备和配件的业务（今年约1100亿美元）。因此，在我们的“特斯拉就是苹果”类比中，我们需要假设特斯拉将在新产品中进行类似的扩展。</blockquote></p><p> We also need to ignore that most of the profit for Apple in handsets comes from mobile advertising and app sales, much of which Apple reports in that services segment noted above. Again, to stay in our framework, we also need to believe that Tesla would generate something similar via its over-the-air updates or its own app store.</p><p><blockquote>我们还需要忽略这样一个事实，即苹果在手机领域的大部分利润来自移动广告和应用程序销售，其中大部分是苹果在上述服务部门报告的。同样，为了留在我们的框架中，我们还需要相信特斯拉会通过其无线更新或自己的应用商店生成类似的东西。</blockquote></p><p> Making all these assumptions, then future margins in “automaking” – for at least one manufacturer – could theoretically start trending up toward the margins generated today by Apple.</p><p><blockquote>做出所有这些假设，那么“汽车制造”的未来利润率——至少一家制造商——理论上可能会开始向苹果今天产生的利润率上升。</blockquote></p><p> So in terms of handset market share, people around the world are going to buy approximately 1.4 billion handsets this year, and the average selling price will be about $320. Apple has about 16% of the global market, and will sell about 225 million iPhones.</p><p><blockquote>因此，就手机市场份额而言，今年世界各地的人们将购买大约14亿部手机，平均售价约为320美元。苹果拥有全球约16%的市场份额，将售出约2.25亿部iPhone。</blockquote></p><p> Just guessing here, but if these iPhones are sold at an average price of $890, then the average price of all the other phones sold in the world needs to be about $125 for the math to make sense. And because Apple can sell its iPhone at such a huge premium and produce remarkable revenues from advertising and app store sales, it generates a whopping 24% earnings margin.</p><p><blockquote>这里只是猜测，但如果这些iPhones的平均售价为890美元，那么世界上销售的所有其他手机的平均价格需要在125美元左右，数学才有意义。由于苹果可以以如此高的溢价出售其iPhone，并从广告和应用商店销售中产生可观的收入，因此它的利润率高达24%。</blockquote></p><p> In comparison, VolkswagenVOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%,which started operations in 1938, has worked its way up to a global market share of 12.0% and generates net income margins of 5.0%.</p><p><blockquote>相比之下，大众汽车VOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%于1938年开始运营，全球市场份额已升至12.0%，净利润率为5.0%。</blockquote></p><p> Toyota7203,+0.33%TM,+0.05%,which also started operations in 1938, also has a global market share of 12.0% and generates even better net income margins of approximately 7.0%.</p><p><blockquote>同样于1938年开始运营的丰田7203，+0.33%TM，+0.05%，全球市场份额也为12.0%，净利润率甚至更高，约为7.0%。</blockquote></p><p> Nokia, for what it is worth, generated 14% net margins before the iPhone changed the game.&nbsp; In other words, even before Apple showed up, handset manufacturing was over twice as profitable for market leaders as making cars.</p><p><blockquote>就其价值而言，在iPhone改变游戏规则之前，诺基亚的净利润率为14%。换句话说，即使在苹果出现之前，市场领导者制造手机的利润也是制造汽车的两倍多。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Anyway, folks around the world will buy about 75 million new cars this year, and at an average price of $30,000 (ballpark) this works out to over $2.2 trillion in sales. This is about five times larger than the handset market, which will come in at about $450 million. Toyota and Volkswagen are the largest – and best in class – scale automobile manufacturers in the world. Other groups, including FordF,+1.30%,Stellantis (FCA/Peugeot)STLA,-0.50%,DaimlerDAI,+2.25%,General MotorsGM,+0.35%,Honda7267,-0.53%HMC,-0.40%,BMWBMW,-0.11%and many others also have significant share.</p><p><blockquote>无论如何，今年世界各地的人们将购买约7500万辆新车，按平均价格3万美元（大概）计算，销售额将超过2.2万亿美元。这大约是手机市场的五倍，手机市场的收入约为4.5亿美元。丰田和大众是世界上最大也是同类规模最好的汽车制造商。其他集团，包括福特F，+1.30%，Stellantis(FCA/Peugeot)STLA，-0.50%，戴姆勒DAI，+2.25%，通用汽车GM，+0.35%，本田7267，-0.53%HMC，-0.40%，宝马BMW，-0.11%和许多其他公司也拥有很大的份额。</blockquote></p><p> This year, Tesla will sell about a million cars, representing a global market share of 1.3%.</p><p><blockquote>今年，特斯拉将销售约100万辆汽车，占全球市场份额1.3%。</blockquote></p><p> And dare I say that each of Tesla’s competitors will be loath to surrender more market share, thus the huge amount of R&amp;D and capital spending they will devote to the upcoming transition to electric vehicles (EVs). On the CAPEX metric alone, we can see that these competitors will actually spend more next year than Tesla.</p><p><blockquote>我敢说，特斯拉的每个竞争对手都不愿意放弃更多的市场份额，因此他们将投入大量的研发和资本支出来实现即将到来的电动汽车（EV）转型。仅在资本支出指标上，我们就可以看到这些竞争对手明年的支出实际上将超过特斯拉。</blockquote></p><p> A lot more.</p><p><blockquote>更多。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c0b0383d691f139a5d04a2a94c2bd399\" tg-width=\"699\" tg-height=\"481\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">ALBERT BRIDGE CAPITAL</p><p><blockquote>阿尔伯特桥资本</blockquote></p><p> But still, let’s assume all the legacy automakers fail to maintain share. Let’s also envision that most of the profits in the industry will eventually go to Tesla (as they have in handsets to Apple).</p><p><blockquote>但我们仍然假设所有传统汽车制造商都未能保持份额。让我们也想象一下，该行业的大部分利润最终将流向特斯拉（就像手机流向苹果一样）。</blockquote></p><p> As a baseline, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate over $50 billion in sales this year. Over 85% of these sales are related to its automotive business.</p><p><blockquote>作为基线，分析师预计特斯拉今年的销售额将超过500亿美元。超过85%的销售额与其汽车业务相关。</blockquote></p><p> In 2035, if EVs represents 95% of all new cars sold, and Tesla has the same 16% market share as Apple does today (significantly eclipsing that of VW or Toyota), it will be producing 22 million cars and light trucks, and generating sales of over $1 trillion.</p><p><blockquote>到2035年，如果电动汽车占所有新车销量的95%，并且特斯拉拥有与苹果今天相同的16%市场份额（显着超过大众或丰田），那么它将生产2200万辆汽车和轻型卡车，并产生超过1万亿美元的销售额。</blockquote></p><p> This year, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate nearly $7 billion in adjusted net income (which will include approximately $1.2 billion in profits driven by regulatory credits).</p><p><blockquote>今年，分析师预计特斯拉将产生近70亿美元的调整后净利润（其中包括监管信贷推动的约12亿美元利润）。</blockquote></p><p> If Tesla were able to generate the same 24% net earnings margin as Apple does today (remember VW is at 5% and Toyota at 7%), then it would produce about $250 billion of earnings in 2035.</p><p><blockquote>如果特斯拉能够像苹果今天一样产生24%的净利润率（记住大众为5%，丰田为7%），那么它将在2035年产生约2500亿美元的收益。</blockquote></p><p> As Tesla has grown from zero to one million cars, it has built production facilities in Freemont, Shanghai and soon Austin; battery-producing gigafactories in Nevada, Buffalo, Germany and Austin again; and other manufacturing and tooling facilities in Michigan, Ontario, Shanghai, two more in California and three more in Germany.</p><p><blockquote>随着特斯拉汽车从零增长到100万辆，它在Freemont、Shanghai和很快的Austin建立了生产设施；再次在内华达州、布法罗、德国和奥斯汀建立电池生产超级工厂；以及位于密歇根州、安大略省、上海的其他制造和模具工厂，另外两个位于加利福尼亚州，另外三个位于德国。</blockquote></p><p> To finance this expansion, Tesla went from 35 million diluted shares in 2009 to 641 million in 2015 to over 1.1 billion today. Of course some of these went to key executives in the firm as compensation, but for the most part, this share issuance helped to finance the firm’s stunning growth to date.</p><p><blockquote>为了为此次扩张提供资金，特斯拉稀释后的股份从2009年的3500万股增加到2015年的6.41亿股，再到如今的超过11亿股。当然，其中一些作为薪酬给了公司的关键高管，但在很大程度上，这次股票发行有助于为公司迄今为止的惊人增长提供资金。</blockquote></p><p> And if Tesla is going to build over 20 million units a year (up from about 1 million this year), this will require a lot more capital. But given its strong share price and internal cash flow generation, let’s assume that the rate of new share issuance at Tesla will slow dramatically, to just 1.5% new shares per year. At this rate, they would have “only” 1.4 billion shares in 2035.</p><p><blockquote>如果特斯拉打算每年生产超过2000万辆汽车（今年约为100万辆），这将需要更多的资金。但鉴于其强劲的股价和内部现金流产生，我们假设特斯拉的新股发行速度将大幅放缓，至每年仅1.5%的新股发行速度。按照这个速度，到2035年他们将“只有”14亿股。</blockquote></p><p> And in that year, on production of 22 million vehicles at an average selling price of $46,000 (again, our guess) and doing 24% net earnings margins, this $250 billion of earnings would work out to about $178 per share.</p><p><blockquote>那一年，生产了2200万辆汽车，平均售价为46,000美元（这也是我们的猜测），净利润率为24%，这2500亿美元的收益相当于每股178美元。</blockquote></p><p> Given Tesla’s domination in this scenario where it maxes out its market share, the only negative is that it would no longer be a secular story, but one more exposed to the cyclical nature of automaking. So its huge amount of revenue and income would naturally be growing much more slowly by then. But, again for the sake of this exercise, let’s assume that Tesla will still find a way to continue to generate a consistent 10% EPS growth on that $250 billion number.</p><p><blockquote>鉴于特斯拉在这种最大化其市场份额的情况下占据主导地位，唯一的负面影响是它将不再是一个长期的故事，而是一个更加暴露于汽车制造周期性的故事。因此，到那时其巨额收入和收入的增长自然会慢得多。但是，为了这次练习，让我们再次假设特斯拉仍然会找到一种方法，在2500亿美元的数字上继续实现10%的每股收益持续增长。</blockquote></p><p> And despite this slowing, let’s also assume that investors will want to pay a P/E ratio of over 20 for a now huge and cyclical business.</p><p><blockquote>尽管经济放缓，我们也假设投资者愿意为现在庞大且周期性的业务支付超过20的市盈率。</blockquote></p><p> On a P/E of 22.5, that would work out to a market cap of $5.6 trillion, and a share price of $4,000.</p><p><blockquote>市盈率为22.5，市值为5.6万亿美元，股价为4000美元。</blockquote></p><p> These are big numbers. And despite what we hear from the more optimistic of the Tesla bulls, let’s also assume that today’s shareholders only hope to make 10% per year between now and 2035.</p><p><blockquote>这些都是很大的数字。尽管我们从更乐观的特斯拉多头那里听到了什么，但我们也假设今天的股东只希望从现在到2035年每年赚取10%的利润。</blockquote></p><p> If we discount that $4,000 by 10% back to today, the shares are worth $1,050.</p><p><blockquote>如果我们将4,000美元折价10%回到今天，股票价值1,050美元。</blockquote></p><p> That is pretty close to where we are right now.</p><p><blockquote>这与我们现在的位置非常接近。</blockquote></p><p> So all that above is what needs to happen for $1,050 to be a fair share price today.</p><p><blockquote>因此，要使1,050美元成为今天的公平股价，上述所有这些都需要发生。</blockquote></p><p> Doubters, admittedly like us, will suggest that the execution risk is tremendous, and these market shares (and particularly the margins) may be impossible.</p><p><blockquote>诚然，像我们一样，怀疑者会认为执行风险是巨大的，这些市场份额（尤其是利润率）可能是不可能的。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Yet, despite the fact that we actually can’t ignore the differences between the mobile phone and automobile industries noted above, the believers – who may indeed be right – will literally need to see Apple-esque industry dynamics, market shares and earnings margins for this all to make sense.</p><p><blockquote>然而，尽管我们实际上不能忽视上述手机和汽车行业之间的差异，但信徒们——他们可能确实是对的——确实需要看到苹果式的行业动态、市场份额和利润率，这一切才有意义。</blockquote></p><p> It is also important to consider that for there to be even more upside in the shares from current levels, Tesla will actually have to exceed everything that Apple has accomplished.</p><p><blockquote>同样重要的是要考虑到，为了使股价在当前水平上有更大的上涨空间，特斯拉实际上必须超越苹果所取得的一切成就。</blockquote></p><p> Whether a bull or a bear, there is no doubting that what Musk has achieved thus far has been nothing short of incredible. Five years ago, few would have thought it even possible that Hertz would order 100,000 Teslas in a single order for its car rental fleet, or that Tesla would produce and sell a million cars in a single year.</p><p><blockquote>无论是牛市还是熊市，毫无疑问，马斯克迄今为止所取得的成就简直令人难以置信。五年前，很少有人会想到赫兹会为其汽车租赁车队单次订购10万辆特斯拉，或者特斯拉会在一年内生产和销售100万辆汽车。</blockquote></p><p> He will continue to do incredible things.&nbsp; He has changed the world and the mindset of his competitors. None of that is in question. The future that his share price is discounting is the question we are asking today.</p><p><blockquote>他将继续做不可思议的事情。他改变了世界，也改变了竞争对手的心态。这些都不是问题。他的股价打折的未来是我们今天要问的问题。</blockquote></p><p></p>","source":"lsy1616996754749","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Opinion:Here's the math for Tesla's stock price if it becomes the Apple of car makers<blockquote>观点：如果特斯拉成为汽车制造商的苹果，其股价的计算结果如下</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nOpinion:Here's the math for Tesla's stock price if it becomes the Apple of car makers<blockquote>观点：如果特斯拉成为汽车制造商的苹果，其股价的计算结果如下</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">Market watch</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-10-30 11:54</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p>Fans and shareholders of Tesla are making stronger and louder arguments about the future of their favorite company. In them, they draw analogies to one of the most successful brands and businesses in the history of capitalism. They suggest that automaking may go the way of handset manufacturing and that – for TeslaTSLA,+3.43%– there is a strong resemblance to the AppleAAPL,-1.82%vs. Nokia/Blackberry/Ericsson/Motorola dynamic.</p><p><blockquote>特斯拉的粉丝和股东正在就他们最喜欢的公司的未来进行更强烈、更响亮的争论。在这些书中，他们将资本主义历史上最成功的品牌和企业之一进行了类比。他们表示，汽车制造可能会走手机制造的道路，而特斯拉TSLA（+3.43%）与苹果AAPL（-1.82%）有很大相似之处。诺基亚/黑莓/爱立信/摩托罗拉动态。</blockquote></p><p> For those that don’t know, in the early 2000s it was unimaginable that these legacy mobile phone manufacturers could disappear. In 2006, Research in Motion (RIM), the company making BlackBerrys, lost a patent suit against NTP and a U.S. District Court judge slapped an injunction on sales. The Defense Department stepped in, claiming that a Blackberry injunction was a threat to national security. Meanwhile, industry leader Nokia held a 40% market share and by the end of 2007 sported a $230 billion market cap.</p><p><blockquote>对于那些不知道的人来说，在21世纪初，这些传统手机制造商会消失是不可想象的。2006年，制造黑莓手机的Research in Motion(RIM)在针对NTP的专利诉讼中败诉，美国地方法院法官发布了销售禁令。国防部介入，声称黑莓禁令对国家安全构成威胁。与此同时，行业领导者诺基亚占据了40%的市场份额，到2007年底，市值达到2300亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> But something else happened in 2007.</p><p><blockquote>但2007年发生了另一件事。</blockquote></p><p> Steve Jobs introduced the iPhone.</p><p><blockquote>史蒂夫·乔布斯推出了iPhone。</blockquote></p><p> And that changed the game for Nokia, Blackberry and the entire industry, forever.</p><p><blockquote>这永远改变了诺基亚、黑莓和整个行业的游戏规则。</blockquote></p><p> Coincidentally, Jobs introduced that iPhone seven months after Tesla introduced the Roadster at the San Francisco International Auto Show. Fast forward to 2021, and the bulls are suggesting that Apple’s overwhelming success in handset manufacturing can be mirrored in automobile manufacturing by Elon Musk’s Tesla.</p><p><blockquote>巧合的是，乔布斯在特斯拉在三藩市国际车展上推出Roadster七个月后推出了iPhone。快进到2021年，看涨者认为，苹果在手机制造领域取得的压倒性成功可以通过Elon Musk的特斯拉在汽车制造领域得到体现。</blockquote></p><p> For this to happen, let’s first assume that within 15 years buyers will demand a broadly similar “form factor” for any vehicle. Today, there are 250 brands of cars sold to fit all appetites and budgets, and perhaps over 1,000 trims. Meanwhile, thanks to the iPhone, handset hardware has gone from a myriad of styles, sizes and forms to basically one.</p><p><blockquote>为了实现这一点，让我们首先假设在15年内，买家将要求任何车辆具有大致相似的“外形”。如今，有250个品牌的汽车可满足各种需求和预算，或许还有1,000多种装饰。与此同时，多亏了iPhone，手机硬件已经从无数的风格、尺寸和形式变成了基本上只有一种。</blockquote></p><p> Similarly, let’s imagine that the production and value of automobiles and light trucks will become less about the style or performance that is demanded and instead mostly about the software inside the vehicle.</p><p><blockquote>同样，让我们想象一下，汽车和轻型卡车的生产和价值将不再取决于所需的风格或性能，而是主要取决于车辆内部的软件。</blockquote></p><p> Finally (and this is a huge debate, but) let’s presuppose that Tesla will have better software – most importantly better autonomous driving capability – than any other vendor or manufacturer, whether in Silicon Valley, Detroit, Wolfsburg or elsewhere.</p><p><blockquote>最后（这是一个巨大的争论，但是）让我们假设特斯拉将拥有比任何其他供应商或制造商更好的软件——最重要的是更好的自动驾驶能力——无论是在硅谷、底特律、沃尔夫斯堡还是其他地方。</blockquote></p><p> In other words, let’s assume that Tesla is going to become the Apple of automakers.</p><p><blockquote>换句话说，让我们假设特斯拉将成为汽车制造商的苹果。</blockquote></p><p> To do this, we need to ignore that Apple is not just a handset manufacturer. In the first three quarters this year, it reported over $150 billion of iPhone sales, which represented 55% of total sales. It also reported sales from the “Services” segment, which included sales from advertising, digital content, AppleCare and other lines. If we assume all that revenue was driven by the iPhone (even though not all was), then we get the iPhone representing about 65%-70% of Apple’s sales.</p><p><blockquote>要做到这一点，我们需要忽略苹果不仅仅是一家手机制造商。今年前三季度，iPhone销售额超过1500亿美元，占总销售额的55%。它还报告了“服务”部门的销售额，其中包括广告、数字内容、AppleCare和其他产品线的销售额。如果我们假设所有收入都是由iPhone推动的（尽管不是全部），那么我们得到的iPhone约占苹果销售额的65%-70%。</blockquote></p><p> This implies Apple has a substantial business (about $110 billion this year) selling Macs, iPads, wearables and accessories too. So in our “Tesla is Apple” analogy, we need to assume that Tesla will make similar extensions into new products.</p><p><blockquote>这意味着苹果也有大量销售Mac、iPad、可穿戴设备和配件的业务（今年约1100亿美元）。因此，在我们的“特斯拉就是苹果”类比中，我们需要假设特斯拉将在新产品中进行类似的扩展。</blockquote></p><p> We also need to ignore that most of the profit for Apple in handsets comes from mobile advertising and app sales, much of which Apple reports in that services segment noted above. Again, to stay in our framework, we also need to believe that Tesla would generate something similar via its over-the-air updates or its own app store.</p><p><blockquote>我们还需要忽略这样一个事实，即苹果在手机领域的大部分利润来自移动广告和应用程序销售，其中大部分是苹果在上述服务部门报告的。同样，为了留在我们的框架中，我们还需要相信特斯拉会通过其无线更新或自己的应用商店生成类似的东西。</blockquote></p><p> Making all these assumptions, then future margins in “automaking” – for at least one manufacturer – could theoretically start trending up toward the margins generated today by Apple.</p><p><blockquote>做出所有这些假设，那么“汽车制造”的未来利润率——至少一家制造商——理论上可能会开始向苹果今天产生的利润率上升。</blockquote></p><p> So in terms of handset market share, people around the world are going to buy approximately 1.4 billion handsets this year, and the average selling price will be about $320. Apple has about 16% of the global market, and will sell about 225 million iPhones.</p><p><blockquote>因此，就手机市场份额而言，今年世界各地的人们将购买大约14亿部手机，平均售价约为320美元。苹果拥有全球约16%的市场份额，将售出约2.25亿部iPhone。</blockquote></p><p> Just guessing here, but if these iPhones are sold at an average price of $890, then the average price of all the other phones sold in the world needs to be about $125 for the math to make sense. And because Apple can sell its iPhone at such a huge premium and produce remarkable revenues from advertising and app store sales, it generates a whopping 24% earnings margin.</p><p><blockquote>这里只是猜测，但如果这些iPhones的平均售价为890美元，那么世界上销售的所有其他手机的平均价格需要在125美元左右，数学才有意义。由于苹果可以以如此高的溢价出售其iPhone，并从广告和应用商店销售中产生可观的收入，因此它的利润率高达24%。</blockquote></p><p> In comparison, VolkswagenVOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%,which started operations in 1938, has worked its way up to a global market share of 12.0% and generates net income margins of 5.0%.</p><p><blockquote>相比之下，大众汽车VOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%于1938年开始运营，全球市场份额已升至12.0%，净利润率为5.0%。</blockquote></p><p> Toyota7203,+0.33%TM,+0.05%,which also started operations in 1938, also has a global market share of 12.0% and generates even better net income margins of approximately 7.0%.</p><p><blockquote>同样于1938年开始运营的丰田7203，+0.33%TM，+0.05%，全球市场份额也为12.0%，净利润率甚至更高，约为7.0%。</blockquote></p><p> Nokia, for what it is worth, generated 14% net margins before the iPhone changed the game.&nbsp; In other words, even before Apple showed up, handset manufacturing was over twice as profitable for market leaders as making cars.</p><p><blockquote>就其价值而言，在iPhone改变游戏规则之前，诺基亚的净利润率为14%。换句话说，即使在苹果出现之前，市场领导者制造手机的利润也是制造汽车的两倍多。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Anyway, folks around the world will buy about 75 million new cars this year, and at an average price of $30,000 (ballpark) this works out to over $2.2 trillion in sales. This is about five times larger than the handset market, which will come in at about $450 million. Toyota and Volkswagen are the largest – and best in class – scale automobile manufacturers in the world. Other groups, including FordF,+1.30%,Stellantis (FCA/Peugeot)STLA,-0.50%,DaimlerDAI,+2.25%,General MotorsGM,+0.35%,Honda7267,-0.53%HMC,-0.40%,BMWBMW,-0.11%and many others also have significant share.</p><p><blockquote>无论如何，今年世界各地的人们将购买约7500万辆新车，按平均价格3万美元（大概）计算，销售额将超过2.2万亿美元。这大约是手机市场的五倍，手机市场的收入约为4.5亿美元。丰田和大众是世界上最大也是同类规模最好的汽车制造商。其他集团，包括福特F，+1.30%，Stellantis(FCA/Peugeot)STLA，-0.50%，戴姆勒DAI，+2.25%，通用汽车GM，+0.35%，本田7267，-0.53%HMC，-0.40%，宝马BMW，-0.11%和许多其他公司也拥有很大的份额。</blockquote></p><p> This year, Tesla will sell about a million cars, representing a global market share of 1.3%.</p><p><blockquote>今年，特斯拉将销售约100万辆汽车，占全球市场份额1.3%。</blockquote></p><p> And dare I say that each of Tesla’s competitors will be loath to surrender more market share, thus the huge amount of R&amp;D and capital spending they will devote to the upcoming transition to electric vehicles (EVs). On the CAPEX metric alone, we can see that these competitors will actually spend more next year than Tesla.</p><p><blockquote>我敢说，特斯拉的每个竞争对手都不愿意放弃更多的市场份额，因此他们将投入大量的研发和资本支出来实现即将到来的电动汽车（EV）转型。仅在资本支出指标上，我们就可以看到这些竞争对手明年的支出实际上将超过特斯拉。</blockquote></p><p> A lot more.</p><p><blockquote>更多。</blockquote></p><p> <img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/c0b0383d691f139a5d04a2a94c2bd399\" tg-width=\"699\" tg-height=\"481\" referrerpolicy=\"no-referrer\">ALBERT BRIDGE CAPITAL</p><p><blockquote>阿尔伯特桥资本</blockquote></p><p> But still, let’s assume all the legacy automakers fail to maintain share. Let’s also envision that most of the profits in the industry will eventually go to Tesla (as they have in handsets to Apple).</p><p><blockquote>但我们仍然假设所有传统汽车制造商都未能保持份额。让我们也想象一下，该行业的大部分利润最终将流向特斯拉（就像手机流向苹果一样）。</blockquote></p><p> As a baseline, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate over $50 billion in sales this year. Over 85% of these sales are related to its automotive business.</p><p><blockquote>作为基线，分析师预计特斯拉今年的销售额将超过500亿美元。超过85%的销售额与其汽车业务相关。</blockquote></p><p> In 2035, if EVs represents 95% of all new cars sold, and Tesla has the same 16% market share as Apple does today (significantly eclipsing that of VW or Toyota), it will be producing 22 million cars and light trucks, and generating sales of over $1 trillion.</p><p><blockquote>到2035年，如果电动汽车占所有新车销量的95%，并且特斯拉拥有与苹果今天相同的16%市场份额（显着超过大众或丰田），那么它将生产2200万辆汽车和轻型卡车，并产生超过1万亿美元的销售额。</blockquote></p><p> This year, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate nearly $7 billion in adjusted net income (which will include approximately $1.2 billion in profits driven by regulatory credits).</p><p><blockquote>今年，分析师预计特斯拉将产生近70亿美元的调整后净利润（其中包括监管信贷推动的约12亿美元利润）。</blockquote></p><p> If Tesla were able to generate the same 24% net earnings margin as Apple does today (remember VW is at 5% and Toyota at 7%), then it would produce about $250 billion of earnings in 2035.</p><p><blockquote>如果特斯拉能够像苹果今天一样产生24%的净利润率（记住大众为5%，丰田为7%），那么它将在2035年产生约2500亿美元的收益。</blockquote></p><p> As Tesla has grown from zero to one million cars, it has built production facilities in Freemont, Shanghai and soon Austin; battery-producing gigafactories in Nevada, Buffalo, Germany and Austin again; and other manufacturing and tooling facilities in Michigan, Ontario, Shanghai, two more in California and three more in Germany.</p><p><blockquote>随着特斯拉汽车从零增长到100万辆，它在Freemont、Shanghai和很快的Austin建立了生产设施；再次在内华达州、布法罗、德国和奥斯汀建立电池生产超级工厂；以及位于密歇根州、安大略省、上海的其他制造和模具工厂，另外两个位于加利福尼亚州，另外三个位于德国。</blockquote></p><p> To finance this expansion, Tesla went from 35 million diluted shares in 2009 to 641 million in 2015 to over 1.1 billion today. Of course some of these went to key executives in the firm as compensation, but for the most part, this share issuance helped to finance the firm’s stunning growth to date.</p><p><blockquote>为了为此次扩张提供资金，特斯拉稀释后的股份从2009年的3500万股增加到2015年的6.41亿股，再到如今的超过11亿股。当然，其中一些作为薪酬给了公司的关键高管，但在很大程度上，这次股票发行有助于为公司迄今为止的惊人增长提供资金。</blockquote></p><p> And if Tesla is going to build over 20 million units a year (up from about 1 million this year), this will require a lot more capital. But given its strong share price and internal cash flow generation, let’s assume that the rate of new share issuance at Tesla will slow dramatically, to just 1.5% new shares per year. At this rate, they would have “only” 1.4 billion shares in 2035.</p><p><blockquote>如果特斯拉打算每年生产超过2000万辆汽车（今年约为100万辆），这将需要更多的资金。但鉴于其强劲的股价和内部现金流产生，我们假设特斯拉的新股发行速度将大幅放缓，至每年仅1.5%的新股发行速度。按照这个速度，到2035年他们将“只有”14亿股。</blockquote></p><p> And in that year, on production of 22 million vehicles at an average selling price of $46,000 (again, our guess) and doing 24% net earnings margins, this $250 billion of earnings would work out to about $178 per share.</p><p><blockquote>那一年，生产了2200万辆汽车，平均售价为46,000美元（这也是我们的猜测），净利润率为24%，这2500亿美元的收益相当于每股178美元。</blockquote></p><p> Given Tesla’s domination in this scenario where it maxes out its market share, the only negative is that it would no longer be a secular story, but one more exposed to the cyclical nature of automaking. So its huge amount of revenue and income would naturally be growing much more slowly by then. But, again for the sake of this exercise, let’s assume that Tesla will still find a way to continue to generate a consistent 10% EPS growth on that $250 billion number.</p><p><blockquote>鉴于特斯拉在这种最大化其市场份额的情况下占据主导地位，唯一的负面影响是它将不再是一个长期的故事，而是一个更加暴露于汽车制造周期性的故事。因此，到那时其巨额收入和收入的增长自然会慢得多。但是，为了这次练习，让我们再次假设特斯拉仍然会找到一种方法，在2500亿美元的数字上继续实现10%的每股收益持续增长。</blockquote></p><p> And despite this slowing, let’s also assume that investors will want to pay a P/E ratio of over 20 for a now huge and cyclical business.</p><p><blockquote>尽管经济放缓，我们也假设投资者愿意为现在庞大且周期性的业务支付超过20的市盈率。</blockquote></p><p> On a P/E of 22.5, that would work out to a market cap of $5.6 trillion, and a share price of $4,000.</p><p><blockquote>市盈率为22.5，市值为5.6万亿美元，股价为4000美元。</blockquote></p><p> These are big numbers. And despite what we hear from the more optimistic of the Tesla bulls, let’s also assume that today’s shareholders only hope to make 10% per year between now and 2035.</p><p><blockquote>这些都是很大的数字。尽管我们从更乐观的特斯拉多头那里听到了什么，但我们也假设今天的股东只希望从现在到2035年每年赚取10%的利润。</blockquote></p><p> If we discount that $4,000 by 10% back to today, the shares are worth $1,050.</p><p><blockquote>如果我们将4,000美元折价10%回到今天，股票价值1,050美元。</blockquote></p><p> That is pretty close to where we are right now.</p><p><blockquote>这与我们现在的位置非常接近。</blockquote></p><p> So all that above is what needs to happen for $1,050 to be a fair share price today.</p><p><blockquote>因此，要使1,050美元成为今天的公平股价，上述所有这些都需要发生。</blockquote></p><p> Doubters, admittedly like us, will suggest that the execution risk is tremendous, and these market shares (and particularly the margins) may be impossible.</p><p><blockquote>诚然，像我们一样，怀疑者会认为执行风险是巨大的，这些市场份额（尤其是利润率）可能是不可能的。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Yet, despite the fact that we actually can’t ignore the differences between the mobile phone and automobile industries noted above, the believers – who may indeed be right – will literally need to see Apple-esque industry dynamics, market shares and earnings margins for this all to make sense.</p><p><blockquote>然而，尽管我们实际上不能忽视上述手机和汽车行业之间的差异，但信徒们——他们可能确实是对的——确实需要看到苹果式的行业动态、市场份额和利润率，这一切才有意义。</blockquote></p><p> It is also important to consider that for there to be even more upside in the shares from current levels, Tesla will actually have to exceed everything that Apple has accomplished.</p><p><blockquote>同样重要的是要考虑到，为了使股价在当前水平上有更大的上涨空间，特斯拉实际上必须超越苹果所取得的一切成就。</blockquote></p><p> Whether a bull or a bear, there is no doubting that what Musk has achieved thus far has been nothing short of incredible. Five years ago, few would have thought it even possible that Hertz would order 100,000 Teslas in a single order for its car rental fleet, or that Tesla would produce and sell a million cars in a single year.</p><p><blockquote>无论是牛市还是熊市，毫无疑问，马斯克迄今为止所取得的成就简直令人难以置信。五年前，很少有人会想到赫兹会为其汽车租赁车队单次订购10万辆特斯拉，或者特斯拉会在一年内生产和销售100万辆汽车。</blockquote></p><p> He will continue to do incredible things.&nbsp; He has changed the world and the mindset of his competitors. None of that is in question. The future that his share price is discounting is the question we are asking today.</p><p><blockquote>他将继续做不可思议的事情。他改变了世界，也改变了竞争对手的心态。这些都不是问题。他的股价打折的未来是我们今天要问的问题。</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/if-tesla-is-to-become-the-apple-of-car-makers-this-is-what-it-means-for-the-stock-price-and-the-business-11635513589?mod=home-page\">Market watch</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"AAPL":"苹果"},"source_url":"https://www.marketwatch.com/story/if-tesla-is-to-become-the-apple-of-car-makers-this-is-what-it-means-for-the-stock-price-and-the-business-11635513589?mod=home-page","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"2179471352","content_text":"Fans and shareholders of Tesla are making stronger and louder arguments about the future of their favorite company. In them, they draw analogies to one of the most successful brands and businesses in the history of capitalism. They suggest that automaking may go the way of handset manufacturing and that – for TeslaTSLA,+3.43%– there is a strong resemblance to the AppleAAPL,-1.82%vs. Nokia/Blackberry/Ericsson/Motorola dynamic.\nFor those that don’t know, in the early 2000s it was unimaginable that these legacy mobile phone manufacturers could disappear. In 2006, Research in Motion (RIM), the company making BlackBerrys, lost a patent suit against NTP and a U.S. District Court judge slapped an injunction on sales. The Defense Department stepped in, claiming that a Blackberry injunction was a threat to national security. Meanwhile, industry leader Nokia held a 40% market share and by the end of 2007 sported a $230 billion market cap.\nBut something else happened in 2007.\nSteve Jobs introduced the iPhone.\nAnd that changed the game for Nokia, Blackberry and the entire industry, forever.\nCoincidentally, Jobs introduced that iPhone seven months after Tesla introduced the Roadster at the San Francisco International Auto Show. Fast forward to 2021, and the bulls are suggesting that Apple’s overwhelming success in handset manufacturing can be mirrored in automobile manufacturing by Elon Musk’s Tesla.\nFor this to happen, let’s first assume that within 15 years buyers will demand a broadly similar “form factor” for any vehicle. Today, there are 250 brands of cars sold to fit all appetites and budgets, and perhaps over 1,000 trims. Meanwhile, thanks to the iPhone, handset hardware has gone from a myriad of styles, sizes and forms to basically one.\nSimilarly, let’s imagine that the production and value of automobiles and light trucks will become less about the style or performance that is demanded and instead mostly about the software inside the vehicle.\nFinally (and this is a huge debate, but) let’s presuppose that Tesla will have better software – most importantly better autonomous driving capability – than any other vendor or manufacturer, whether in Silicon Valley, Detroit, Wolfsburg or elsewhere.\nIn other words, let’s assume that Tesla is going to become the Apple of automakers.\nTo do this, we need to ignore that Apple is not just a handset manufacturer. In the first three quarters this year, it reported over $150 billion of iPhone sales, which represented 55% of total sales. It also reported sales from the “Services” segment, which included sales from advertising, digital content, AppleCare and other lines. If we assume all that revenue was driven by the iPhone (even though not all was), then we get the iPhone representing about 65%-70% of Apple’s sales.\nThis implies Apple has a substantial business (about $110 billion this year) selling Macs, iPads, wearables and accessories too. So in our “Tesla is Apple” analogy, we need to assume that Tesla will make similar extensions into new products.\nWe also need to ignore that most of the profit for Apple in handsets comes from mobile advertising and app sales, much of which Apple reports in that services segment noted above. Again, to stay in our framework, we also need to believe that Tesla would generate something similar via its over-the-air updates or its own app store.\nMaking all these assumptions, then future margins in “automaking” – for at least one manufacturer – could theoretically start trending up toward the margins generated today by Apple.\nSo in terms of handset market share, people around the world are going to buy approximately 1.4 billion handsets this year, and the average selling price will be about $320. Apple has about 16% of the global market, and will sell about 225 million iPhones.\nJust guessing here, but if these iPhones are sold at an average price of $890, then the average price of all the other phones sold in the world needs to be about $125 for the math to make sense. And because Apple can sell its iPhone at such a huge premium and produce remarkable revenues from advertising and app store sales, it generates a whopping 24% earnings margin.\nIn comparison, VolkswagenVOW3,-0.49%VWAPY,-2.43%,which started operations in 1938, has worked its way up to a global market share of 12.0% and generates net income margins of 5.0%.\nToyota7203,+0.33%TM,+0.05%,which also started operations in 1938, also has a global market share of 12.0% and generates even better net income margins of approximately 7.0%.\nNokia, for what it is worth, generated 14% net margins before the iPhone changed the game.  In other words, even before Apple showed up, handset manufacturing was over twice as profitable for market leaders as making cars.\nAnyway, folks around the world will buy about 75 million new cars this year, and at an average price of $30,000 (ballpark) this works out to over $2.2 trillion in sales. This is about five times larger than the handset market, which will come in at about $450 million. Toyota and Volkswagen are the largest – and best in class – scale automobile manufacturers in the world. Other groups, including FordF,+1.30%,Stellantis (FCA/Peugeot)STLA,-0.50%,DaimlerDAI,+2.25%,General MotorsGM,+0.35%,Honda7267,-0.53%HMC,-0.40%,BMWBMW,-0.11%and many others also have significant share.\nThis year, Tesla will sell about a million cars, representing a global market share of 1.3%.\nAnd dare I say that each of Tesla’s competitors will be loath to surrender more market share, thus the huge amount of R&D and capital spending they will devote to the upcoming transition to electric vehicles (EVs). On the CAPEX metric alone, we can see that these competitors will actually spend more next year than Tesla.\nA lot more.\nALBERT BRIDGE CAPITAL\nBut still, let’s assume all the legacy automakers fail to maintain share. Let’s also envision that most of the profits in the industry will eventually go to Tesla (as they have in handsets to Apple).\nAs a baseline, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate over $50 billion in sales this year. Over 85% of these sales are related to its automotive business.\nIn 2035, if EVs represents 95% of all new cars sold, and Tesla has the same 16% market share as Apple does today (significantly eclipsing that of VW or Toyota), it will be producing 22 million cars and light trucks, and generating sales of over $1 trillion.\nThis year, analysts anticipate that Tesla will generate nearly $7 billion in adjusted net income (which will include approximately $1.2 billion in profits driven by regulatory credits).\nIf Tesla were able to generate the same 24% net earnings margin as Apple does today (remember VW is at 5% and Toyota at 7%), then it would produce about $250 billion of earnings in 2035.\nAs Tesla has grown from zero to one million cars, it has built production facilities in Freemont, Shanghai and soon Austin; battery-producing gigafactories in Nevada, Buffalo, Germany and Austin again; and other manufacturing and tooling facilities in Michigan, Ontario, Shanghai, two more in California and three more in Germany.\nTo finance this expansion, Tesla went from 35 million diluted shares in 2009 to 641 million in 2015 to over 1.1 billion today. Of course some of these went to key executives in the firm as compensation, but for the most part, this share issuance helped to finance the firm’s stunning growth to date.\nAnd if Tesla is going to build over 20 million units a year (up from about 1 million this year), this will require a lot more capital. But given its strong share price and internal cash flow generation, let’s assume that the rate of new share issuance at Tesla will slow dramatically, to just 1.5% new shares per year. At this rate, they would have “only” 1.4 billion shares in 2035.\nAnd in that year, on production of 22 million vehicles at an average selling price of $46,000 (again, our guess) and doing 24% net earnings margins, this $250 billion of earnings would work out to about $178 per share.\nGiven Tesla’s domination in this scenario where it maxes out its market share, the only negative is that it would no longer be a secular story, but one more exposed to the cyclical nature of automaking. So its huge amount of revenue and income would naturally be growing much more slowly by then. But, again for the sake of this exercise, let’s assume that Tesla will still find a way to continue to generate a consistent 10% EPS growth on that $250 billion number.\nAnd despite this slowing, let’s also assume that investors will want to pay a P/E ratio of over 20 for a now huge and cyclical business.\nOn a P/E of 22.5, that would work out to a market cap of $5.6 trillion, and a share price of $4,000.\nThese are big numbers. And despite what we hear from the more optimistic of the Tesla bulls, let’s also assume that today’s shareholders only hope to make 10% per year between now and 2035.\nIf we discount that $4,000 by 10% back to today, the shares are worth $1,050.\nThat is pretty close to where we are right now.\nSo all that above is what needs to happen for $1,050 to be a fair share price today.\nDoubters, admittedly like us, will suggest that the execution risk is tremendous, and these market shares (and particularly the margins) may be impossible.\nYet, despite the fact that we actually can’t ignore the differences between the mobile phone and automobile industries noted above, the believers – who may indeed be right – will literally need to see Apple-esque industry dynamics, market shares and earnings margins for this all to make sense.\nIt is also important to consider that for there to be even more upside in the shares from current levels, Tesla will actually have to exceed everything that Apple has accomplished.\nWhether a bull or a bear, there is no doubting that what Musk has achieved thus far has been nothing short of incredible. Five years ago, few would have thought it even possible that Hertz would order 100,000 Teslas in a single order for its car rental fleet, or that Tesla would produce and sell a million cars in a single year.\nHe will continue to do incredible things.  He has changed the world and the mindset of his competitors. None of that is in question. The future that his share price is discounting is the question we are asking today.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"AAPL":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":1832,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"CN","totalScore":0},{"id":158504057,"gmtCreate":1625153828179,"gmtModify":1625154504118,"author":{"id":"4087715715728880","authorId":"4087715715728880","name":"Stuckey","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/193c945ddd2b8c939a2f884b0eade27c","crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"4087715715728880","idStr":"4087715715728880"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"Great","listText":"Great","text":"Great","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":2,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/158504057","repostId":"1113357649","repostType":2,"repost":{"id":"1113357649","kind":"news","pubTimestamp":1625133776,"share":"https://www.laohu8.com/m/news/1113357649?lang=zh_CN&edition=full","pubTime":"2021-07-01 18:02","market":"us","language":"en","title":"Amazon: Undervalued With Potential Upside Of 25%<blockquote>亚马逊：被低估，潜在上涨空间为25%</blockquote>","url":"https://stock-news.laohu8.com/highlight/detail?id=1113357649","media":"seekingalpha","summary":"Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters.I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share .The company's improving top line and bottom line performance  suggests that the stock is currently undervalued by 3.9%.Amazon, a $1.74 trillion company. This is the current market capitalization  of the company and this implies that it is currently 15.18% away from being a $2 trillion company, not bad no?I initiate","content":"<p><b>Summary</b></p><p><blockquote><b>总结</b></blockquote></p><p> <ul>  <li>Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters.</li>  <li>I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share).</li>  <li>The company's improving top line and bottom line performance (which is expected to continue) suggests that the stock is currently undervalued by 3.9%.</li> </ul> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/51ce52baed5afae04a384059297465d3\" tg-width=\"1536\" tg-height=\"1024\"><span>Daria Nipot/iStock Editorial via Getty Images</span></p><p><blockquote><ul><li>亚马逊是一家独特且不断发展的公司，它利用其颠覆性平台来颠覆其进入的任何新业务。</li><li>我对亚马逊的评级为看涨，公允价值为3576美元/股（当前价格为3443美元/股）。</li><li>该公司营收和利润业绩的改善（预计将持续下去）表明该股目前被低估了3.9%。</li></ul><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>Daria Nipot/iStock社论来自Getty Images</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <b>Company Overview</b></p><p><blockquote><b>公司概况</b></blockquote></p><p> Amazon(NASDAQ:AMZN), a $1.74 trillion company. This is the current market capitalization (as of 06/29/2021) of the company and this implies that it is currently 15.18% away from being a $2 trillion company, not bad no?</p><p><blockquote>亚马逊（纳斯达克股票代码：AMZN），一家市值1.74万亿美元的公司。这是该公司目前的市值（截至2021年6月29日），这意味着它目前距离成为2万亿美元的公司还有15.18%的距离，还不错吧？</blockquote></p><p> Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters. For example, when Amazon announced the acquisition of Whole Foods, Walmart(NYSE:WMT), Kroger(NYSE:KR), Target(NYSE:TGT)took a&nbsp;nice hit&nbsp;in market value. I believe that the company will be able to keep delivering strong top line growth and continued growth in margins, fueled not only by the company's current business expansion but also by entering into new markets and new businesses.</p><p><blockquote>亚马逊是一家独特且不断发展的公司，它利用其颠覆性平台来颠覆其进入的任何新业务。例如，当亚马逊宣布收购全食超市时，沃尔玛（纽约证券交易所代码：WMT）、克罗格（纽约证券交易所代码：KR）、塔吉特（纽约证券交易所代码：TGT）的市值遭受了巨大打击。我相信，公司将能够继续实现强劲的营收增长和利润率的持续增长，这不仅得益于公司当前的业务扩张，还得益于进入新市场和新业务。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Company Analysis</b></p><p><blockquote><b>公司分析</b></blockquote></p><p> I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share). The FV is an algorithm-adjusted fair value (the algorithm takes into account fundamental and technical factors, such as DCF FV, momentum, etc.) and it implies that the stock is undervalued by 3.9%.</p><p><blockquote>我对亚马逊的评级为看涨，公允价值为3576美元/股（当前价格为3443美元/股）。FV是算法调整后的公允价值（算法考虑了基本面和技术因素，如DCF FV、动量等。）它意味着股票被低估了3.9%。</blockquote></p><p> To compute the DCF FV, I used the trailing twelve-month numbers and I also restated the financials since I capitalized on R&amp;D expenses with an amortizable life of 3 years. As&nbsp;with Apple(NASDAQ:AAPL), I don't believe that Amazon's R&amp;D is an operating expense, and for this reason, I treat it as CapEx. By taking into account the R&amp;D, the following metrics have been restated (all numbers in $mm).</p><p><blockquote>为了计算DCF FV，我使用了过去12个月的数据，并且我还重述了财务数据，因为我将可摊销期限为3年的研发费用资本化。与苹果（纳斯达克股票代码：AAPL）一样，我不认为亚马逊的研发是一项运营费用，因此，我将其视为资本支出。考虑到研发，以下指标已被重述（所有数字均以百万美元为单位）。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/bb427d462596db1e1cb1ffc99acc90e4\" tg-width=\"571\" tg-height=\"240\"><span>Source:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者使用最新10-K报告数据进行的估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Capitalizing on R&amp;D expenses, we have now a more clear picture of the company (i.e. the restated operating margin is now 9.03% TTM vs the non-restated operating margin is 6.63% TTM).</p><p><blockquote>利用研发费用，我们现在对公司有了更清晰的了解（即重述营业利润率现在为9.03%TTM，而非重述营业利润率为6.63%TTM）。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Discounted Cash Flow Model</b></p><p><blockquote><b>折现现金流量模型</b></blockquote></p><p> Now, let's turn to the discounted cash flow valuation part. Below, you can see the results with the relative assumptions I have made.</p><p><blockquote>现在，让我们转向贴现现金流估值部分。下面，你可以看到我所做的相对假设的结果。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/0e215b21ca0b3be5a5e0e7b62e36fb5f\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"268\"><span>Source:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者使用最新10-K报告数据进行的估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> In my DCF model, I assume a revenue growth for the Y1 of 21.2%, a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% and I assume a terminal year growth rate of 1.48% (or the current yield on 10Y Treasury). The decision of using the current and not expected yield is due to the willingness to remain market neutral (perhaps you can use&nbsp;Goldman Sachs expectations&nbsp;of 1.9%). The current assumptions lead to revenues of $1,253,844 million in Y10.</p><p><blockquote>在我的DCF模型中，我假设Y1的收入增长率为21.2%，Y2-Y5的复合年增长率为15%，并假设最终年增长率为1.48%（或10年期国债的当前收益率）。使用当前而非预期收益率的决定是出于保持市场中性的意愿（或许可以使用高盛1.9%的预期）。目前的假设导致Y10的收入为12,538.44亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> Along the road, I also assume an improving outlook for operating margins with the target operating margin of 13.2% (vs current restated operating margin of 9.03%). If the company will be able to meet this target, it will result in operating margins in Y10 of $163,097 million.</p><p><blockquote>在此过程中，我还假设营业利润率前景有所改善，目标营业利润率为13.2%（当前重述营业利润率为9.03%）。如果公司能够实现这一目标，2010年的营业利润率将达到1630.97亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> Finally, in doing my estimates, I used a WACC of 5.75% and a sales to capital ratio (or how much the company is going to reinvest to keep its business growing) of 2.95.</p><p><blockquote>最后，在进行估计时，我使用了5.75%的WACC和2.95的销售资本比率（或公司将进行多少再投资以保持业务增长）。</blockquote></p><p> By putting it together, I obtain a DCF value of $3328/share.</p><p><blockquote>通过将它们放在一起，我获得了3328美元/股的DCF值。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Monte Carlo Simulation</b></p><p><blockquote><b>蒙特卡罗模拟</b></blockquote></p><p> Rather than showing you only my point estimates, which may be right but also may be wrong, let's use probability distributions for inputs. Simulations allow us to assess the impact of continuous risk (e.g., changes in operating margins). In particular, I would like to focus on what I consider the main inputs of interest to get a bigger picture of the risk in the company. Those inputs are:</p><p><blockquote>与其只向您展示我的点估计，这可能是正确的，也可能是错误的，让我们使用概率分布作为输入。模拟使我们能够评估持续风险的影响（例如，营业利润率的变化）。特别是，我想重点关注我认为感兴趣的主要输入，以更好地了解公司的风险。这些输入是：</blockquote></p><p> <i>1. Revenue Growth:</i></p><p><blockquote><i>1、收入增长：</i></blockquote></p><p></p><p> In my DCF analysis, I assumed an expected CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% with lower rates going forward. This assumption lead to revenues in Y10 of $1,253,844 million. While it is a reasonable assumption, Amazon is full of surprises, and it may deliver a top line growth well above my expectations. In the latter, I see a possible scenario with a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 24%, resulting in Y10 revenues of $1,989,952 million. However, we all know that regulators represent a big risk for the company. According to&nbsp;WSJ sources, if the \"giant-tech bill\" will pass, the company may be forced to either split into two companies or spin off its private-label product businesses. This represents a big risk that may slow down Amazon's growth, which could translate into a growth rate of 6% (resulting in Y10 revenues of $764,723 million). To sum up, I will assume a uniform distribution with a maximum of 24% and a minimum of 6%. The results are displayed below (this simulation and the next one have been performed 10,000 times).</p><p><blockquote>在我的DCF分析中，我假设Y2-Y5的预期复合年增长率为15%，未来利率较低。这一假设导致2010年的收入为125,384.4亿美元。虽然这是一个合理的假设，但亚马逊充满了惊喜，它可能会实现远高于我预期的营收增长。在后者中，我认为CAGR Y2-Y5为24%，导致Y10收入为1,9899.52亿美元。然而，我们都知道监管机构对公司来说是一个很大的风险。据《华尔街日报》消息人士透露，如果“巨人科技法案”获得通过，该公司可能会被迫拆分为两家公司或剥离其自有品牌产品业务。这是一个很大的风险，可能会减缓亚马逊的增长，这可能会转化为6%的增长率（导致Y10收入为7647.23亿美元）。综上所述，我将假设最大24%，最小6%的均匀分布。结果如下所示（该模拟和下一个模拟已经执行了10,000次）。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/893dff753c8ca210759feb31b3966a5c\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"235\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <i>2. Operating Margin</i>:</p><p><blockquote><i>2.营业利润率</i>：</blockquote></p><p> Currently, Amazon has a restated operating margin of 9.03% TTM (vs not restated EBIT margin of 6.83%). In my DCF, I assumed a target operating margin of 13.2%. While this represents my most likely scenario for the company, I cannot close my eyes to the fact that, even if the company is improving its margins, it is following a very slow climb. Below, I display the non-restated EBIT margin for the last 5 years.</p><p><blockquote>目前，亚马逊的TTM重述营业利润率为9.03%（未重述息税前利润率为6.83%）。在我的DCF中，我假设目标营业利润率为13.2%。虽然这代表了我对该公司最有可能的情况，但我不能忽视这样一个事实：即使该公司的利润率正在提高，但它的攀升速度也非常缓慢。下面，我显示了过去5年未经重述的息税前利润率。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6d66fcb05f4254b15de278f016121ffa\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"221\"><span>Source:SeekingAlpha.com</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：SeekingAlpha.com</span></p></blockquote></p><p> However, as I stated at the beginning, Amazon is a disruptive company with the ability to do extraordinary things. For instance, AWS presents a current operating margin of 30% TTM and a revenue growth rate of 29.53% in 2020. A trend which is expected to continue, driven by improving outlook and with new partners joining the party. The last to join the party are Ferrari(NYSE:RACE)and Swisscom(OTCPK:SWZCF)who have chosen AWS as their&nbsp;preferred cloud partner.</p><p><blockquote>然而，正如我在开头所说，亚马逊是一家颠覆性的公司，有能力做出非凡的事情。例如，AWS目前的营业利润率为30%TTM，2020年收入增长率为29.53%。在前景改善和新合作伙伴加入的推动下，这一趋势预计将持续下去。最后加入这一行列的是法拉利(NYSE：RACE)和瑞士电信(OTCPK：SWZCF)，他们选择AWS作为首选云合作伙伴。</blockquote></p><p> In 2020,according to Gartner, AWS generated revenue 2 times bigger than Microsoft(NASDAQ:MSFT). As stated by Gartner:</p><p><blockquote>根据Gartner的数据，2020年AWS的收入是微软（纳斯达克：MSFT）的2倍。如Gartner所述：</blockquote></p><p>   <i>The worldwide</i>&nbsp;  <i>infrastructure as a service(IaaS) market grew 40.7% in 2020 to total $64.3 billion, up from $45.7 billion in 2019, according to Gartner, Inc. Amazon retained the No. 1 position in the IaaS market in 2020, followed by Microsoft, Alibaba, Google and Huawei... Amazon continued to lead the worldwide IaaS market with $26.2 billion of revenue in 2020 and 41% market share.</i>  <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ac00a17cbbd930ad6464a63f6d4f98eb\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"388\"><span>Source:Gartner.com</span></p><p><blockquote><i>世界范围</i> <i>根据Gartner，Inc.的数据，基础设施即服务（IaaS）市场在2020年增长了40.7%，达到643亿美元，高于2019年的457亿美元。亚马逊在2020年保持了IaaS市场的第一名，其次是微软、阿里巴巴-SW、谷歌和华为...亚马逊在2020年以262亿美元的收入和41%的市场份额继续引领全球IaaS市场。</i><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：Gartner.com</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Finally, to account for my concerns and beliefs, I will assume a triangular distribution with the following limits: the likeliest target operating margin of 13.2%, a maximum of 18.4%, and a minimum of 8% (close to the current company's EBIT margin). The results are displayed below.</p><p><blockquote>最后，为了说明我的担忧和信念，我将假设一个三角形分布，并有以下限制：最可能的目标营业利润率为13.2%，最高为18.4%，最低为8%（接近当前公司的息税前利润率）。结果如下所示。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/054e2db392be500768de741516186013\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"237\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <i>3. Cost of Capital:</i></p><p><blockquote><i>3.资金成本：</i></blockquote></p><p> The last input of interest is the cost of capital. In doing my analysis, I estimated a cost of capital of 5.8% (with the current 10Y rate of 1.48 and an implied ERP of 4.54%). However, I may be wrong due to sector risk estimates or changes in the business mix (or both). To account for the possibility that I made some mistakes along the road, I will rely on a lognormal distribution with the most likely scenario of 5.8%. The results of the simulation are displayed below.</p><p><blockquote>利息的最后一个输入是资本成本。在进行分析时，我估计资本成本为5.8%（当前10年利率为1.48，隐含ERP为4.54%）。然而，由于行业风险估计或业务组合的变化（或两者兼而有之），我可能是错误的。为了说明我在这条路上犯了一些错误的可能性，我将依赖对数正态分布，最有可能的情况是5.8%。模拟结果如下所示。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a7d51740fa35eb9aedbc58c4c49d96eb\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"235\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> By putting all of this together, the simulations return the following results.</p><p><blockquote>通过将所有这些放在一起，模拟返回以下结果。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/139c89300706eab1e37dd1c992286d31\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"222\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> For completeness, I also display below the relative and cumulative frequency of the simulation.</p><p><blockquote>为了完整起见，我还在下面显示了模拟的相对频率和累积频率。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af7a908e21b8678a775a3e1742161a7d\" tg-width=\"573\" tg-height=\"644\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> By looking at the results, we can see that the 50th percentile or the median is equal to $3274, close to the expected DCF FV of $3328. While the algorithm-adjusted FV of $3576 is the 60th percentile in my simulations (note also the long right tail).</p><p><blockquote>通过查看结果，我们可以看到第50百分位或中位数等于3274美元，接近预期的DCF FV 3328美元。而算法调整后的FV为3576美元，是我模拟中的第60百分位（也请注意右尾长）。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Finally, simulation results give us an interesting insight into a potential exit point. I believe that an interesting take profit point may be within the 80th percentile, which implies a potential upside of 24.89%. Why within the 80th percentile? I believe that, after reaching the $2.0 trillion company status, we will see the last climb of euphoria before investors start to take profits.</p><p><blockquote>最后，模拟结果让我们对潜在的退出点有了有趣的了解。我认为一个有趣的止盈点可能在第80百分位内，这意味着24.89%的潜在上涨空间。为什么在第80百分位以内？我相信，在达到2.0万亿美元的公司地位后，我们将看到投资者开始获利了结之前最后一次兴奋的攀升。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Final Thoughts</b></p><p><blockquote><b>最后的想法</b></blockquote></p><p> Both the algorithm-adjusted fair value and the Monte Carlo simulation suggest and support the bullish rating. The results found suggest that the stock is currently undervalued and that the company has still more room to go. What may drive the price to go higher? Well, there are different factors that may drive it. One of those is for sure corporate news. For instance, the company may introduce new products or announce a stock split (For the latter, I think this is unlikely, at least not now). However, don't forget also the other side, the risks. There are many risks associated with being invested in the company, one of those is represented by antitrust and regulators.</p><p><blockquote>算法调整后的公允价值和蒙特卡罗模拟都建议并支持看涨评级。结果表明，该股目前被低估，该公司仍有更大的发展空间。什么可能会推动价格走高？嗯，有不同的因素可能会驱动它。其中之一肯定是企业新闻。例如，公司可能会推出新产品或宣布股票分割（对于后者，我认为这不太可能，至少现在不太可能）。然而，也不要忘记另一面，风险。投资该公司存在许多风险，其中之一就是反垄断和监管机构。</blockquote></p><p></p>","collect":0,"html":"<!DOCTYPE html>\n<html>\n<head>\n<meta http-equiv=\"Content-Type\" content=\"text/html; charset=utf-8\" />\n<meta name=\"viewport\" content=\"width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0,user-scalable=no\"/>\n<meta name=\"format-detection\" content=\"telephone=no,email=no,address=no\" />\n<title>Amazon: Undervalued With Potential Upside Of 25%<blockquote>亚马逊：被低估，潜在上涨空间为25%</blockquote></title>\n<style type=\"text/css\">\na,abbr,acronym,address,applet,article,aside,audio,b,big,blockquote,body,canvas,caption,center,cite,code,dd,del,details,dfn,div,dl,dt,\nem,embed,fieldset,figcaption,figure,footer,form,h1,h2,h3,h4,h5,h6,header,hgroup,html,i,iframe,img,ins,kbd,label,legend,li,mark,menu,nav,\nobject,ol,output,p,pre,q,ruby,s,samp,section,small,span,strike,strong,sub,summary,sup,table,tbody,td,tfoot,th,thead,time,tr,tt,u,ul,var,video{ font:inherit;margin:0;padding:0;vertical-align:baseline;border:0 }\nbody{ font-size:16px; line-height:1.5; color:#999; background:transparent; }\n.wrapper{ overflow:hidden;word-break:break-all;padding:10px; }\nh1,h2{ font-weight:normal; line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:.6em; }\nh3,h4,h5,h6{ line-height:1.35; margin-bottom:1em; }\nh1{ font-size:24px; }\nh2{ font-size:20px; }\nh3{ font-size:18px; }\nh4{ font-size:16px; }\nh5{ font-size:14px; }\nh6{ font-size:12px; }\np,ul,ol,blockquote,dl,table{ margin:1.2em 0; }\nul,ol{ margin-left:2em; }\nul{ list-style:disc; }\nol{ list-style:decimal; }\nli,li p{ margin:10px 0;}\nimg{ max-width:100%;display:block;margin:0 auto 1em; }\nblockquote{ color:#B5B2B1; border-left:3px solid #aaa; padding:1em; }\nstrong,b{font-weight:bold;}\nem,i{font-style:italic;}\ntable{ width:100%;border-collapse:collapse;border-spacing:1px;margin:1em 0;font-size:.9em; }\nth,td{ padding:5px;text-align:left;border:1px solid #aaa; }\nth{ font-weight:bold;background:#5d5d5d; }\n.symbol-link{font-weight:bold;}\n/* header{ border-bottom:1px solid #494756; } */\n.title{ margin:0 0 8px;line-height:1.3;color:#ddd; }\n.meta {color:#5e5c6d;font-size:13px;margin:0 0 .5em; }\na{text-decoration:none; color:#2a4b87;}\n.meta .head { display: inline-block; overflow: hidden}\n.head .h-thumb { width: 30px; height: 30px; margin: 0; padding: 0; border-radius: 50%; float: left;}\n.head .h-content { margin: 0; padding: 0 0 0 9px; float: left;}\n.head .h-name {font-size: 13px; color: #eee; margin: 0;}\n.head .h-time {font-size: 12.5px; color: #7E829C; margin: 0;}\n.small {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.9); -webkit-transform: scale(0.9); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.smaller {font-size: 12.5px; display: inline-block; transform: scale(0.8); -webkit-transform: scale(0.8); transform-origin: left; -webkit-transform-origin: left;}\n.bt-text {font-size: 12px;margin: 1.5em 0 0 0}\n.bt-text p {margin: 0}\n</style>\n</head>\n<body>\n<div class=\"wrapper\">\n<header>\n<h2 class=\"title\">\nAmazon: Undervalued With Potential Upside Of 25%<blockquote>亚马逊：被低估，潜在上涨空间为25%</blockquote>\n</h2>\n<h4 class=\"meta\">\n<p class=\"head\">\n<strong class=\"h-name small\">seekingalpha</strong><span class=\"h-time small\">2021-07-01 18:02</span>\n</p>\n</h4>\n</header>\n<article>\n<p><b>Summary</b></p><p><blockquote><b>总结</b></blockquote></p><p> <ul>  <li>Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters.</li>  <li>I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share).</li>  <li>The company's improving top line and bottom line performance (which is expected to continue) suggests that the stock is currently undervalued by 3.9%.</li> </ul> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/51ce52baed5afae04a384059297465d3\" tg-width=\"1536\" tg-height=\"1024\"><span>Daria Nipot/iStock Editorial via Getty Images</span></p><p><blockquote><ul><li>亚马逊是一家独特且不断发展的公司，它利用其颠覆性平台来颠覆其进入的任何新业务。</li><li>我对亚马逊的评级为看涨，公允价值为3576美元/股（当前价格为3443美元/股）。</li><li>该公司营收和利润业绩的改善（预计将持续下去）表明该股目前被低估了3.9%。</li></ul><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>Daria Nipot/iStock社论来自Getty Images</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <b>Company Overview</b></p><p><blockquote><b>公司概况</b></blockquote></p><p> Amazon(NASDAQ:AMZN), a $1.74 trillion company. This is the current market capitalization (as of 06/29/2021) of the company and this implies that it is currently 15.18% away from being a $2 trillion company, not bad no?</p><p><blockquote>亚马逊（纳斯达克股票代码：AMZN），一家市值1.74万亿美元的公司。这是该公司目前的市值（截至2021年6月29日），这意味着它目前距离成为2万亿美元的公司还有15.18%的距离，还不错吧？</blockquote></p><p> Amazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters. For example, when Amazon announced the acquisition of Whole Foods, Walmart(NYSE:WMT), Kroger(NYSE:KR), Target(NYSE:TGT)took a&nbsp;nice hit&nbsp;in market value. I believe that the company will be able to keep delivering strong top line growth and continued growth in margins, fueled not only by the company's current business expansion but also by entering into new markets and new businesses.</p><p><blockquote>亚马逊是一家独特且不断发展的公司，它利用其颠覆性平台来颠覆其进入的任何新业务。例如，当亚马逊宣布收购全食超市时，沃尔玛（纽约证券交易所代码：WMT）、克罗格（纽约证券交易所代码：KR）、塔吉特（纽约证券交易所代码：TGT）的市值遭受了巨大打击。我相信，公司将能够继续实现强劲的营收增长和利润率的持续增长，这不仅得益于公司当前的业务扩张，还得益于进入新市场和新业务。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Company Analysis</b></p><p><blockquote><b>公司分析</b></blockquote></p><p> I initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share). The FV is an algorithm-adjusted fair value (the algorithm takes into account fundamental and technical factors, such as DCF FV, momentum, etc.) and it implies that the stock is undervalued by 3.9%.</p><p><blockquote>我对亚马逊的评级为看涨，公允价值为3576美元/股（当前价格为3443美元/股）。FV是算法调整后的公允价值（算法考虑了基本面和技术因素，如DCF FV、动量等。）它意味着股票被低估了3.9%。</blockquote></p><p> To compute the DCF FV, I used the trailing twelve-month numbers and I also restated the financials since I capitalized on R&amp;D expenses with an amortizable life of 3 years. As&nbsp;with Apple(NASDAQ:AAPL), I don't believe that Amazon's R&amp;D is an operating expense, and for this reason, I treat it as CapEx. By taking into account the R&amp;D, the following metrics have been restated (all numbers in $mm).</p><p><blockquote>为了计算DCF FV，我使用了过去12个月的数据，并且我还重述了财务数据，因为我将可摊销期限为3年的研发费用资本化。与苹果（纳斯达克股票代码：AAPL）一样，我不认为亚马逊的研发是一项运营费用，因此，我将其视为资本支出。考虑到研发，以下指标已被重述（所有数字均以百万美元为单位）。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/bb427d462596db1e1cb1ffc99acc90e4\" tg-width=\"571\" tg-height=\"240\"><span>Source:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者使用最新10-K报告数据进行的估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Capitalizing on R&amp;D expenses, we have now a more clear picture of the company (i.e. the restated operating margin is now 9.03% TTM vs the non-restated operating margin is 6.63% TTM).</p><p><blockquote>利用研发费用，我们现在对公司有了更清晰的了解（即重述营业利润率现在为9.03%TTM，而非重述营业利润率为6.63%TTM）。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Discounted Cash Flow Model</b></p><p><blockquote><b>折现现金流量模型</b></blockquote></p><p> Now, let's turn to the discounted cash flow valuation part. Below, you can see the results with the relative assumptions I have made.</p><p><blockquote>现在，让我们转向贴现现金流估值部分。下面，你可以看到我所做的相对假设的结果。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/0e215b21ca0b3be5a5e0e7b62e36fb5f\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"268\"><span>Source:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者使用最新10-K报告数据进行的估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> In my DCF model, I assume a revenue growth for the Y1 of 21.2%, a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% and I assume a terminal year growth rate of 1.48% (or the current yield on 10Y Treasury). The decision of using the current and not expected yield is due to the willingness to remain market neutral (perhaps you can use&nbsp;Goldman Sachs expectations&nbsp;of 1.9%). The current assumptions lead to revenues of $1,253,844 million in Y10.</p><p><blockquote>在我的DCF模型中，我假设Y1的收入增长率为21.2%，Y2-Y5的复合年增长率为15%，并假设最终年增长率为1.48%（或10年期国债的当前收益率）。使用当前而非预期收益率的决定是出于保持市场中性的意愿（或许可以使用高盛1.9%的预期）。目前的假设导致Y10的收入为12,538.44亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> Along the road, I also assume an improving outlook for operating margins with the target operating margin of 13.2% (vs current restated operating margin of 9.03%). If the company will be able to meet this target, it will result in operating margins in Y10 of $163,097 million.</p><p><blockquote>在此过程中，我还假设营业利润率前景有所改善，目标营业利润率为13.2%（当前重述营业利润率为9.03%）。如果公司能够实现这一目标，2010年的营业利润率将达到1630.97亿美元。</blockquote></p><p> Finally, in doing my estimates, I used a WACC of 5.75% and a sales to capital ratio (or how much the company is going to reinvest to keep its business growing) of 2.95.</p><p><blockquote>最后，在进行估计时，我使用了5.75%的WACC和2.95的销售资本比率（或公司将进行多少再投资以保持业务增长）。</blockquote></p><p> By putting it together, I obtain a DCF value of $3328/share.</p><p><blockquote>通过将它们放在一起，我获得了3328美元/股的DCF值。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Monte Carlo Simulation</b></p><p><blockquote><b>蒙特卡罗模拟</b></blockquote></p><p> Rather than showing you only my point estimates, which may be right but also may be wrong, let's use probability distributions for inputs. Simulations allow us to assess the impact of continuous risk (e.g., changes in operating margins). In particular, I would like to focus on what I consider the main inputs of interest to get a bigger picture of the risk in the company. Those inputs are:</p><p><blockquote>与其只向您展示我的点估计，这可能是正确的，也可能是错误的，让我们使用概率分布作为输入。模拟使我们能够评估持续风险的影响（例如，营业利润率的变化）。特别是，我想重点关注我认为感兴趣的主要输入，以更好地了解公司的风险。这些输入是：</blockquote></p><p> <i>1. Revenue Growth:</i></p><p><blockquote><i>1、收入增长：</i></blockquote></p><p></p><p> In my DCF analysis, I assumed an expected CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% with lower rates going forward. This assumption lead to revenues in Y10 of $1,253,844 million. While it is a reasonable assumption, Amazon is full of surprises, and it may deliver a top line growth well above my expectations. In the latter, I see a possible scenario with a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 24%, resulting in Y10 revenues of $1,989,952 million. However, we all know that regulators represent a big risk for the company. According to&nbsp;WSJ sources, if the \"giant-tech bill\" will pass, the company may be forced to either split into two companies or spin off its private-label product businesses. This represents a big risk that may slow down Amazon's growth, which could translate into a growth rate of 6% (resulting in Y10 revenues of $764,723 million). To sum up, I will assume a uniform distribution with a maximum of 24% and a minimum of 6%. The results are displayed below (this simulation and the next one have been performed 10,000 times).</p><p><blockquote>在我的DCF分析中，我假设Y2-Y5的预期复合年增长率为15%，未来利率较低。这一假设导致2010年的收入为125,384.4亿美元。虽然这是一个合理的假设，但亚马逊充满了惊喜，它可能会实现远高于我预期的营收增长。在后者中，我认为CAGR Y2-Y5为24%，导致Y10收入为1,9899.52亿美元。然而，我们都知道监管机构对公司来说是一个很大的风险。据《华尔街日报》消息人士透露，如果“巨人科技法案”获得通过，该公司可能会被迫拆分为两家公司或剥离其自有品牌产品业务。这是一个很大的风险，可能会减缓亚马逊的增长，这可能会转化为6%的增长率（导致Y10收入为7647.23亿美元）。综上所述，我将假设最大24%，最小6%的均匀分布。结果如下所示（该模拟和下一个模拟已经执行了10,000次）。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/893dff753c8ca210759feb31b3966a5c\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"235\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <i>2. Operating Margin</i>:</p><p><blockquote><i>2.营业利润率</i>：</blockquote></p><p> Currently, Amazon has a restated operating margin of 9.03% TTM (vs not restated EBIT margin of 6.83%). In my DCF, I assumed a target operating margin of 13.2%. While this represents my most likely scenario for the company, I cannot close my eyes to the fact that, even if the company is improving its margins, it is following a very slow climb. Below, I display the non-restated EBIT margin for the last 5 years.</p><p><blockquote>目前，亚马逊的TTM重述营业利润率为9.03%（未重述息税前利润率为6.83%）。在我的DCF中，我假设目标营业利润率为13.2%。虽然这代表了我对该公司最有可能的情况，但我不能忽视这样一个事实：即使该公司的利润率正在提高，但它的攀升速度也非常缓慢。下面，我显示了过去5年未经重述的息税前利润率。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/6d66fcb05f4254b15de278f016121ffa\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"221\"><span>Source:SeekingAlpha.com</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：SeekingAlpha.com</span></p></blockquote></p><p> However, as I stated at the beginning, Amazon is a disruptive company with the ability to do extraordinary things. For instance, AWS presents a current operating margin of 30% TTM and a revenue growth rate of 29.53% in 2020. A trend which is expected to continue, driven by improving outlook and with new partners joining the party. The last to join the party are Ferrari(NYSE:RACE)and Swisscom(OTCPK:SWZCF)who have chosen AWS as their&nbsp;preferred cloud partner.</p><p><blockquote>然而，正如我在开头所说，亚马逊是一家颠覆性的公司，有能力做出非凡的事情。例如，AWS目前的营业利润率为30%TTM，2020年收入增长率为29.53%。在前景改善和新合作伙伴加入的推动下，这一趋势预计将持续下去。最后加入这一行列的是法拉利(NYSE：RACE)和瑞士电信(OTCPK：SWZCF)，他们选择AWS作为首选云合作伙伴。</blockquote></p><p> In 2020,according to Gartner, AWS generated revenue 2 times bigger than Microsoft(NASDAQ:MSFT). As stated by Gartner:</p><p><blockquote>根据Gartner的数据，2020年AWS的收入是微软（纳斯达克：MSFT）的2倍。如Gartner所述：</blockquote></p><p>   <i>The worldwide</i>&nbsp;  <i>infrastructure as a service(IaaS) market grew 40.7% in 2020 to total $64.3 billion, up from $45.7 billion in 2019, according to Gartner, Inc. Amazon retained the No. 1 position in the IaaS market in 2020, followed by Microsoft, Alibaba, Google and Huawei... Amazon continued to lead the worldwide IaaS market with $26.2 billion of revenue in 2020 and 41% market share.</i>  <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/ac00a17cbbd930ad6464a63f6d4f98eb\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"388\"><span>Source:Gartner.com</span></p><p><blockquote><i>世界范围</i> <i>根据Gartner，Inc.的数据，基础设施即服务（IaaS）市场在2020年增长了40.7%，达到643亿美元，高于2019年的457亿美元。亚马逊在2020年保持了IaaS市场的第一名，其次是微软、阿里巴巴-SW、谷歌和华为...亚马逊在2020年以262亿美元的收入和41%的市场份额继续引领全球IaaS市场。</i><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：Gartner.com</span></p></blockquote></p><p> Finally, to account for my concerns and beliefs, I will assume a triangular distribution with the following limits: the likeliest target operating margin of 13.2%, a maximum of 18.4%, and a minimum of 8% (close to the current company's EBIT margin). The results are displayed below.</p><p><blockquote>最后，为了说明我的担忧和信念，我将假设一个三角形分布，并有以下限制：最可能的目标营业利润率为13.2%，最高为18.4%，最低为8%（接近当前公司的息税前利润率）。结果如下所示。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/054e2db392be500768de741516186013\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"237\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> <i>3. Cost of Capital:</i></p><p><blockquote><i>3.资金成本：</i></blockquote></p><p> The last input of interest is the cost of capital. In doing my analysis, I estimated a cost of capital of 5.8% (with the current 10Y rate of 1.48 and an implied ERP of 4.54%). However, I may be wrong due to sector risk estimates or changes in the business mix (or both). To account for the possibility that I made some mistakes along the road, I will rely on a lognormal distribution with the most likely scenario of 5.8%. The results of the simulation are displayed below.</p><p><blockquote>利息的最后一个输入是资本成本。在进行分析时，我估计资本成本为5.8%（当前10年利率为1.48，隐含ERP为4.54%）。然而，由于行业风险估计或业务组合的变化（或两者兼而有之），我可能是错误的。为了说明我在这条路上犯了一些错误的可能性，我将依赖对数正态分布，最有可能的情况是5.8%。模拟结果如下所示。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/a7d51740fa35eb9aedbc58c4c49d96eb\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"235\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> By putting all of this together, the simulations return the following results.</p><p><blockquote>通过将所有这些放在一起，模拟返回以下结果。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/139c89300706eab1e37dd1c992286d31\" tg-width=\"640\" tg-height=\"222\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> For completeness, I also display below the relative and cumulative frequency of the simulation.</p><p><blockquote>为了完整起见，我还在下面显示了模拟的相对频率和累积频率。</blockquote></p><p> <p class=\"t-img-caption\"><img src=\"https://static.tigerbbs.com/af7a908e21b8678a775a3e1742161a7d\" tg-width=\"573\" tg-height=\"644\"><span>Source:Author's estimates</span></p><p><blockquote><p class=\"t-img-caption\"><span>资料来源：作者估计</span></p></blockquote></p><p> By looking at the results, we can see that the 50th percentile or the median is equal to $3274, close to the expected DCF FV of $3328. While the algorithm-adjusted FV of $3576 is the 60th percentile in my simulations (note also the long right tail).</p><p><blockquote>通过查看结果，我们可以看到第50百分位或中位数等于3274美元，接近预期的DCF FV 3328美元。而算法调整后的FV为3576美元，是我模拟中的第60百分位（也请注意右尾长）。</blockquote></p><p></p><p> Finally, simulation results give us an interesting insight into a potential exit point. I believe that an interesting take profit point may be within the 80th percentile, which implies a potential upside of 24.89%. Why within the 80th percentile? I believe that, after reaching the $2.0 trillion company status, we will see the last climb of euphoria before investors start to take profits.</p><p><blockquote>最后，模拟结果让我们对潜在的退出点有了有趣的了解。我认为一个有趣的止盈点可能在第80百分位内，这意味着24.89%的潜在上涨空间。为什么在第80百分位以内？我相信，在达到2.0万亿美元的公司地位后，我们将看到投资者开始获利了结之前最后一次兴奋的攀升。</blockquote></p><p> <b>Final Thoughts</b></p><p><blockquote><b>最后的想法</b></blockquote></p><p> Both the algorithm-adjusted fair value and the Monte Carlo simulation suggest and support the bullish rating. The results found suggest that the stock is currently undervalued and that the company has still more room to go. What may drive the price to go higher? Well, there are different factors that may drive it. One of those is for sure corporate news. For instance, the company may introduce new products or announce a stock split (For the latter, I think this is unlikely, at least not now). However, don't forget also the other side, the risks. There are many risks associated with being invested in the company, one of those is represented by antitrust and regulators.</p><p><blockquote>算法调整后的公允价值和蒙特卡罗模拟都建议并支持看涨评级。结果表明，该股目前被低估，该公司仍有更大的发展空间。什么可能会推动价格走高？嗯，有不同的因素可能会驱动它。其中之一肯定是企业新闻。例如，公司可能会推出新产品或宣布股票分割（对于后者，我认为这不太可能，至少现在不太可能）。然而，也不要忘记另一面，风险。投资该公司存在许多风险，其中之一就是反垄断和监管机构。</blockquote></p><p></p>\n<div class=\"bt-text\">\n\n\n<p> 来源：<a href=\"https://seekingalpha.com/article/4437291-amazon-stock-amzn-undervalued-with-potential-upside-of-25-percent\">seekingalpha</a></p>\n<p>为提升您的阅读体验，我们对本页面进行了排版优化</p>\n\n\n</div>\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","type":0,"thumbnail":"","relate_stocks":{"AMZN":"亚马逊"},"source_url":"https://seekingalpha.com/article/4437291-amazon-stock-amzn-undervalued-with-potential-upside-of-25-percent","is_english":true,"share_image_url":"https://static.laohu8.com/e9f99090a1c2ed51c021029395664489","article_id":"1113357649","content_text":"Summary\n\nAmazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters.\nI initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share).\nThe company's improving top line and bottom line performance (which is expected to continue) suggests that the stock is currently undervalued by 3.9%.\n\nDaria Nipot/iStock Editorial via Getty Images\nCompany Overview\nAmazon(NASDAQ:AMZN), a $1.74 trillion company. This is the current market capitalization (as of 06/29/2021) of the company and this implies that it is currently 15.18% away from being a $2 trillion company, not bad no?\nAmazon is a unique and growing company that uses its disruptive platform to disrupt any new business it enters. For example, when Amazon announced the acquisition of Whole Foods, Walmart(NYSE:WMT), Kroger(NYSE:KR), Target(NYSE:TGT)took a nice hit in market value. I believe that the company will be able to keep delivering strong top line growth and continued growth in margins, fueled not only by the company's current business expansion but also by entering into new markets and new businesses.\nCompany Analysis\nI initiate Amazon with a bullish rating and a fair value of $3576/share (vs. the current price of $3443/share). The FV is an algorithm-adjusted fair value (the algorithm takes into account fundamental and technical factors, such as DCF FV, momentum, etc.) and it implies that the stock is undervalued by 3.9%.\nTo compute the DCF FV, I used the trailing twelve-month numbers and I also restated the financials since I capitalized on R&D expenses with an amortizable life of 3 years. As with Apple(NASDAQ:AAPL), I don't believe that Amazon's R&D is an operating expense, and for this reason, I treat it as CapEx. By taking into account the R&D, the following metrics have been restated (all numbers in $mm).\nSource:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report\nCapitalizing on R&D expenses, we have now a more clear picture of the company (i.e. the restated operating margin is now 9.03% TTM vs the non-restated operating margin is 6.63% TTM).\nDiscounted Cash Flow Model\nNow, let's turn to the discounted cash flow valuation part. Below, you can see the results with the relative assumptions I have made.\nSource:Author's estimates using data from the latest 10-K report\nIn my DCF model, I assume a revenue growth for the Y1 of 21.2%, a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% and I assume a terminal year growth rate of 1.48% (or the current yield on 10Y Treasury). The decision of using the current and not expected yield is due to the willingness to remain market neutral (perhaps you can use Goldman Sachs expectations of 1.9%). The current assumptions lead to revenues of $1,253,844 million in Y10.\nAlong the road, I also assume an improving outlook for operating margins with the target operating margin of 13.2% (vs current restated operating margin of 9.03%). If the company will be able to meet this target, it will result in operating margins in Y10 of $163,097 million.\nFinally, in doing my estimates, I used a WACC of 5.75% and a sales to capital ratio (or how much the company is going to reinvest to keep its business growing) of 2.95.\nBy putting it together, I obtain a DCF value of $3328/share.\nMonte Carlo Simulation\nRather than showing you only my point estimates, which may be right but also may be wrong, let's use probability distributions for inputs. Simulations allow us to assess the impact of continuous risk (e.g., changes in operating margins). In particular, I would like to focus on what I consider the main inputs of interest to get a bigger picture of the risk in the company. Those inputs are:\n1. Revenue Growth:\nIn my DCF analysis, I assumed an expected CAGR Y2-Y5 of 15% with lower rates going forward. This assumption lead to revenues in Y10 of $1,253,844 million. While it is a reasonable assumption, Amazon is full of surprises, and it may deliver a top line growth well above my expectations. In the latter, I see a possible scenario with a CAGR Y2-Y5 of 24%, resulting in Y10 revenues of $1,989,952 million. However, we all know that regulators represent a big risk for the company. According to WSJ sources, if the \"giant-tech bill\" will pass, the company may be forced to either split into two companies or spin off its private-label product businesses. This represents a big risk that may slow down Amazon's growth, which could translate into a growth rate of 6% (resulting in Y10 revenues of $764,723 million). To sum up, I will assume a uniform distribution with a maximum of 24% and a minimum of 6%. The results are displayed below (this simulation and the next one have been performed 10,000 times).\nSource:Author's estimates\n2. Operating Margin:\nCurrently, Amazon has a restated operating margin of 9.03% TTM (vs not restated EBIT margin of 6.83%). In my DCF, I assumed a target operating margin of 13.2%. While this represents my most likely scenario for the company, I cannot close my eyes to the fact that, even if the company is improving its margins, it is following a very slow climb. Below, I display the non-restated EBIT margin for the last 5 years.\nSource:SeekingAlpha.com\nHowever, as I stated at the beginning, Amazon is a disruptive company with the ability to do extraordinary things. For instance, AWS presents a current operating margin of 30% TTM and a revenue growth rate of 29.53% in 2020. A trend which is expected to continue, driven by improving outlook and with new partners joining the party. The last to join the party are Ferrari(NYSE:RACE)and Swisscom(OTCPK:SWZCF)who have chosen AWS as their preferred cloud partner.\nIn 2020,according to Gartner, AWS generated revenue 2 times bigger than Microsoft(NASDAQ:MSFT). As stated by Gartner:\n\nThe worldwide \n infrastructure as a service(IaaS) market grew 40.7% in 2020 to total $64.3 billion, up from $45.7 billion in 2019, according to Gartner, Inc. Amazon retained the No. 1 position in the IaaS market in 2020, followed by Microsoft, Alibaba, Google and Huawei... Amazon continued to lead the worldwide IaaS market with $26.2 billion of revenue in 2020 and 41% market share.\n\nSource:Gartner.com\nFinally, to account for my concerns and beliefs, I will assume a triangular distribution with the following limits: the likeliest target operating margin of 13.2%, a maximum of 18.4%, and a minimum of 8% (close to the current company's EBIT margin). The results are displayed below.\nSource:Author's estimates\n3. Cost of Capital:\nThe last input of interest is the cost of capital. In doing my analysis, I estimated a cost of capital of 5.8% (with the current 10Y rate of 1.48 and an implied ERP of 4.54%). However, I may be wrong due to sector risk estimates or changes in the business mix (or both). To account for the possibility that I made some mistakes along the road, I will rely on a lognormal distribution with the most likely scenario of 5.8%. The results of the simulation are displayed below.\nSource:Author's estimates\nBy putting all of this together, the simulations return the following results.\nSource:Author's estimates\nFor completeness, I also display below the relative and cumulative frequency of the simulation.\nSource:Author's estimates\nBy looking at the results, we can see that the 50th percentile or the median is equal to $3274, close to the expected DCF FV of $3328. While the algorithm-adjusted FV of $3576 is the 60th percentile in my simulations (note also the long right tail).\nFinally, simulation results give us an interesting insight into a potential exit point. I believe that an interesting take profit point may be within the 80th percentile, which implies a potential upside of 24.89%. Why within the 80th percentile? I believe that, after reaching the $2.0 trillion company status, we will see the last climb of euphoria before investors start to take profits.\nFinal Thoughts\nBoth the algorithm-adjusted fair value and the Monte Carlo simulation suggest and support the bullish rating. The results found suggest that the stock is currently undervalued and that the company has still more room to go. What may drive the price to go higher? Well, there are different factors that may drive it. One of those is for sure corporate news. For instance, the company may introduce new products or announce a stock split (For the latter, I think this is unlikely, at least not now). However, don't forget also the other side, the risks. There are many risks associated with being invested in the company, one of those is represented by antitrust and regulators.","news_type":1,"symbols_score_info":{"AMZN":0.9}},"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":2698,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0},{"id":144587020,"gmtCreate":1626306473460,"gmtModify":1626314044938,"author":{"id":"4087715715728880","authorId":"4087715715728880","name":"Stuckey","avatar":"https://static.tigerbbs.com/193c945ddd2b8c939a2f884b0eade27c","crmLevel":11,"crmLevelSwitch":0,"followedFlag":false,"authorIdStr":"4087715715728880","idStr":"4087715715728880"},"themes":[],"htmlText":"We wait to see what he has to offer&nbsp;","listText":"We wait to see what he has to offer&nbsp;","text":"We wait to see what he has to offer","images":[],"top":1,"highlighted":1,"essential":1,"paper":1,"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"link":"https://laohu8.com/post/144587020","repostId":"1125163957","repostType":4,"isVote":1,"tweetType":1,"viewCount":879,"authorTweetTopStatus":1,"verified":2,"comments":[],"imageCount":0,"langContent":"EN","totalScore":0}],"lives":[]}