比亚迪9万座充电站压境，吉利蔚来“合体”迎战

第一财经09-28 16:58

9月的中国新能源汽车市场，补能成了最密集的关键词。　　9月28日，蔚来与吉利控股集团宣布在充换电领域达成全面战略合作，并以互相投资对方补能业务主体的方式完成资本层面深度绑定。　　五天前的9月23日，吉利汽车发布新一代AI补能技术“吉利智充”，单枪峰值充电功率达到2250千瓦，按规划要在2027年底把充电网络铺到全国县域。　　同日，比亚迪集团首席科学家廉玉波在2026世界新能源汽车大会上重申闪充计划...

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“闪充中国”战略，计划2026年底在国内建成2万座闪充站，包含1.8万座城区闪充站与2000座高速闪充站，闪充网络面向全社会开放。　　在9月23日2026世界新能源汽车大会上，廉玉波重申了比亚迪布局宏大的补能战略。比亚迪计划在未来两年多时间内建成9万座充电站，覆盖城市、高速以及偏远地区。按照此前披露的规划，比亚迪将在2026年底前完成2万座闪充站建设，2027年新增3万座，2028年新增4万座。　　截至2026年9月24日，比亚迪累计建成闪充站11586座、覆盖341座城市，其中闪充高速站2000座、覆盖278条高速公路。而与之相对的，同为自主头部车企的吉利建成投运充电站2500余座、自建充电枪1.2万把，其中超快充站1500余座、超快充枪7000余把，覆盖232座城市。　　按照规划，吉利到2027 年底目标建成超 2.2 万座充电站、10 万把充电枪，其中智充站超 1.5 万座、智充枪超 5 万把。按照充电站计算，吉利明年底的目标建成量几乎与比亚迪2026年底相当。　　从补能速度与网络存量看，比亚迪均领先吉利。　　速度的差距主要在建法上。比亚迪2万座的规划里，有1.8万座是“城区站中站”——与既有充电运营商合作，在已经建成的场站内加装闪充车位，不必重新拿地、报建、申请电力增容，因此可以成批复制；而吉利走的则是全自建：从选址、报建、电力增容到场站运维全部自己承担，单个站点从签约到投运的周期更长，投入也更重。　　吉利与蔚来合作后，两边网络一打通，其补能网点无疑可以得到快速提升。　　而另一方面，蔚来也需要一个强力补能伙伴。蔚来今年计划新建超过1000座换电站，年底总数突破4600座。换电站占地、电力增容、设备折旧都需要真金白银。蔚来9月1日发布的二季报显示，二季度实现经营利润2.1亿元，为连续第三个季度盈利。实现全年盈利，是蔚来全公司今年最重要的目标。　　一边要维持扩张速度，一边要照顾账面，引入股东是蔚来眼下可选的路径之一。此前蔚来能源已在25个省市与超过40家地方国资平台合作，共建并投运超过800座换电站。　　行业利润的收缩正在加速车企之间资源整合的步伐。乘联分会数据显示，8月国内狭义乘用车零售154.1万辆，同比下降23.6%，前8个月累计零售1171.6万辆，同比下降20.8%。1至7月汽车行业利润2162亿元，同比下降20%，行业利润率3.6%；今年上半年整车制造环节的利润率只有1.5%。　　9月9日印发的《智能网联新能源汽车产业发展“十五五”规划》，把“加强产能预警调控”列为17项重点任务之一，提出加大汽车企业依法兼并重组和跨区域整合力度。蔚来和吉利方面均表示，这次合作是响应“十五五”规划、践行“反内卷”的实际行动。　　“团结大家就能活下去”　　值得注意的是，在这笔交易里，定价的细节仍未公开，交易中还含有对赌成分。公告的原话是，“该交易对蔚来能源的投后估值约为人民币160亿元”。该股权比例将根据经营里程碑动态调整，若未达标可下调至不低于20%。吉利另享有两年内追加6.4亿元现金投资的选择权，若行使，其持股将升至34.0%，蔚来中国持股降至60.0%。　　此外，双方在互投之后还有不少活要干。　　李斌提到，双方在研发、供应链、制造、运营等环节都需要整合，第一件要解决的事是“怎么样能做到同时运营两张网络，能够做到高效”。目前加入蔚来换电联盟的车企已有7家，除蔚来之外，尚没有成员推出基于蔚来换电标准、能够直接驶入蔚来换电站的量产车型，标准共建到产品下线之间还有距离。　　李斌反复提到换电站的另一重身份。去年蔚来换电站的电力需求约25亿度，今年的量在30亿度上下；随着吉利旗下营运车辆和其他车型接入，他认为，蔚来对完成原定2030年换电100亿度电的目标更加有信心。按他的说法，1万座换电站大致相当于20GWh的储能能力，加上100亿度的年用电量，可以做的事情很多。此前蔚来的电池资产更多参与调峰调频，积极主动的布局还不够。　　合作之后，双方计划在一些场站共建电力设施，让同一套电力资源同时供应C端换电站、B端换电网络和吉利的AI智充，把建站成本摊薄。国家正在推进新型电力市场机制，蔚来打算参与其中。　　李斌认为，高质量增长时代的答案是“开放协同、合作共赢”，“只有这样我们大家才能真正赚点钱，时间也差不多到了这个时候”。在媒体沟通会上，吉利控股集团CEO安聪慧说得更直白：“团结就是力量，团结大家就能活下去。”（文章来源：第一财经）","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":false,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"isVideo":false,"video":null,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1,"need_auth":false,"need_login_tip":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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