中创新航电池进入小米澎程供应链，177Ah质量风波待解

澎湃新闻07-31 21:16

7月30日晚，雷军在小米汽车第二产品系列发布会上公布澎程N90 Max、N70 Max预售价，分别为29.99万元和25.99万元，标志着小米汽车正式入局增程市场。　　随新车一同亮相的，是一套全新的电池供应体系——澎程系列打破了小米SU7、YU7主要采用宁德时代和弗迪电池的供应格局，引入欣旺达和中创新航作为电池供应商。其中，澎程N90 Max搭载中创新航提供的76kWh三元锂离子电池，CLTC纯电...

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S车辆在特定工况下出现电池系统故障”，并承诺对公司产品全生命周期质量负责。　　根据广汽埃安公告及后续披露的信息，本次电池故障高度集中在搭载中创新航177Ah磷酸铁锂电池、用于网约车营运的AION S车型，同时覆盖AION V、AION Y同配置系列车型，私人自用车辆基本没有出现批量异常。多位车主在车质网等投诉平台反映，车辆出现电芯鼓包、漏液、续航骤降等问题。　　值得注意的是发生故障的行驶里程：有车主在16.6万公里时遇到故障，也有车主撑到32万公里，多数案例落在15万至30万公里这一区间。　　这些车的故障表现具有高度相似性：先是续航突然大幅缩水，继而仪表盘报出绝缘故障，BMS限制动力输出，最终车辆在行驶中直接断电趴窝。多位车主的4S店检测报告确认：电芯鼓包、漏液、安全阀爆开、电池压差严重超标。　　《中国能源报》在报道中作了这样一组对照：磷酸铁锂电池的理论循环寿命通常在2000次以上，若按单次充满电行驶400公里估算，电池包在正常衰减曲线下应能支撑数十万公里的使用寿命。即便考虑到网约车频繁使用快充、经常满充满放、夏季高温等加速衰减的因素，在15万至20万公里区间出现电芯鼓包和漏液而非可预期的容量衰减，其电池本身可能存在耐久性问题。而鼓包意味着电芯内部发生了不可逆的化学反应，漏液则关系到封口工艺或极片结构设计。　　而此次小米澎程系列搭载中创新航电池，是否意味着同样的隐患？从公开材料看，两者并不能简单划等号。　　根据工信部第409批《道路机动车辆生产企业及产品公告》公示信息，小米澎程N90 Max采用中创新航的三元锂离子电池，容量76kWh；澎程N70标准版搭载欣旺达的磷酸铁锂电池，而N70 Max同样采用中创新航三元锂离子电池。广汽埃安涉故障批次为177Ah磷酸铁锂电芯，与小米澎程所采用的三元锂体系在产品型号和化学体系上均不相同。　　将小米澎程与广汽埃安177Ah事件放在一起审视，一个无法回避的事实是：两者既不能简单划等号，也不能因此对中创新航的质量信用视而不见。　　从公开信息看，澎程与埃安涉故障的177Ah磷酸铁锂电芯在产品型号、化学体系、应用场景上均不相同；而小米首次对外发布的“龙甲电池”体系，更接近一套由整车企业主导的电池系统解决方案——小米负责产品定义，主导电池包设计开发，参与电芯设计，并承担从原料、电芯制造到电池包装车的全流程质量控制，具体电芯仍由中创新航、欣旺达等电池企业供应。　　这意味着，电芯虽然来自中创新航，但最终的系统安全边界、BMS策略、封装工艺和品控标准，主导权在小米手里。　　但“主导”二字并不意味着风险的完全隔离。广汽埃安当年同样不是裸电芯上车——AION S系列顶着“弹匣电池”的技术光环，集成了广汽埃安标志性的弹匣电池安全系统，却依然在15万至30万公里区间集中暴露出电芯鼓包、漏液、安全阀爆开的耐久性缺陷。　　这起事件的深层次警示在于，关键还是得细化到对供应链的把控以及产品质量的把握。仅仅是“主导”产品设计或许能够防得住热失控，却防不住在电芯层级由于设计缺陷而导致的质量问题。　　截至目前，广汽埃安与中创新航双方均未对电池故障根源给出官方结论，《经济参考报》记者致电双方求证177Ah磷酸铁锂电池是否存在批次性制造缺陷、是否符合缺陷产品召回启动条件，截至发稿均未获得正式回复。不过，中创新航作为电芯供应商，其产品质量是否在其他车型、其他化学体系上存在工艺共性风险，还需要等待监管与技术机构的进一步调查结论。　　这也是小米澎程必须面对的舆论现实。在177Ah风波尚未尘埃落定、召回备案尚未正式公示的窗口期，中创新航以新供应商身份进入小米供应链，自然会被放在放大镜之下审视。　　小米选择的“大电池增程”路线本身对电池提出了更高要求——76kWh三元锂版本CLTC纯电续航最高505公里，电量从20%充至80%最快需要18分钟，这意味着电芯将长期处于高功率充放电工况。虽然小米强调龙甲电池体系包含全流程质量管控，且三元锂与磷酸铁锂在化学体系上存在根本差异，但任何系统级的安全冗余设计，都无法替代电芯本身的制造品质。　　从产业链视角看，这起风波的意义远超两家车企、一家电池厂的个案范畴。7月1日，被称为“史上最严”的强制性国家标准GB38031-2025《电动汽车用动力蓄电池安全要求》正式实施，硬性要求电池热失控后2小时不起火、不爆炸，行业安全标准全面提升。新国标之下，动力电池的安全性、耐久性、制造一致性的监管红线全面抬升。（文章来源：澎湃新闻）","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":false,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"isVideo":false,"video":null,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1,"need_auth":false,"need_login_tip":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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