深汕加速度：一座飞地新城的产业进化论

21世纪经济报道06-03 18:41

6月2日下午，比亚迪副总裁罗忠良在深汕特别合作区产业投资促进大会上宣布了一组颇具冲击力的数字：比亚迪已启动“闪充中国”战略，计划今年底前建成2万座闪充站。截至5月底全国已建成超6150座，其中深圳149座。　　比亚迪3月发布的第二代刀片电池，在常温下就能将电量从10%充至70%的时间压缩到5分钟，而这些电池正产自深汕的工厂。　　真正引爆市场情绪的数据，是在罗忠良演讲前不久披露的：2026年5月，...

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City","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"81211":0.6,"01211":1.95,"HYDD.SI":0.6,"002594":1.95,"BYDDY":1.95},"content_text":"6月2日下午，比亚迪副总裁罗忠良在深汕特别合作区产业投资促进大会上宣布了一组颇具冲击力的数字：比亚迪已启动“闪充中国”战略，计划今年底前建成2万座闪充站。截至5月底全国已建成超6150座，其中深圳149座。　　比亚迪3月发布的第二代刀片电池，在常温下就能将电量从10%充至70%的时间压缩到5分钟，而这些电池正产自深汕的工厂。　　真正引爆市场情绪的数据，是在罗忠良演讲前不久披露的：2026年5月，比亚迪新能源汽车海外出口超16万辆，同比大涨80.7%，创下品牌单月出海历史纪录；海外销量占总销量的比重已抬升至42%以上，接近国内销量的一半。这些驶向全球的“深圳造”新能源汽车，相当一部分正在从距离比亚迪深汕工厂仅数公里的小漠港装船出海。　　从深汕工厂下线，到小漠港装船，再到全球市场交付——这条纵贯深汕的产业链条，正在为一家万亿市值车企的增长曲线提供越来越关键的产能支撑。　　但当外界习惯以“汽车城”定义这座深圳“第10+1区”时，一场更深刻的产业进化已经在进行。　　在2026深汕特别合作区产业投资促进大会上，28个重点产业项目集中签约，8个公共配套项目即将投用，但其中多数签约项目并不在汽车领域，而是在高性能材料和电子化学品领域，显示出，这块深圳“飞地”正在变化自己的增长逻辑。　　从“本地制造”到“全球供给”　　理解深汕的经济发展，首先需要走进一个商业场景。　　在小漠国际物流港边，刚刚下线的比亚迪新能源汽车，最快5分钟内便可驶抵码头等待装船。小漠港已累计开通12条汽车外贸航线，覆盖东南亚、中东、地中海、欧洲、南美洲、澳大利亚、非洲等全球七大核心区域。　　2026年开年仅40余天，港口便实现新能源汽车出海“三连发”。小漠港边检站实现24小时驻守执勤，手续办理时间从往返近两小时压缩至半小时以内。　　这种“下线即到港、到港即装船”的厂港联动效率，支撑着比亚迪日益庞大的海外订单交付。　　自2021年首次落子以来，比亚迪在深汕总投资超300亿元，一、二、三、四期渐次铺开，覆盖电池、电机、电控、整车全产业链。　　四期项目从去年11月签约到今年5月首批产品下线，仅183天，三条电池包PACK生产线已满负荷运转。　　2025年，深汕基地整车产量超30万辆，产值突破740亿元；2026年1至4月，全区规模以上工业增加值同比增长49.4%，其中汽车制造业增加值增长47.3%。　　海外市场高毛利率的结构性优势正深刻改变比亚迪的盈利能力。2026年一季度及4月，比亚迪海外销量同比增长分别达55%和70.9%，随着海外销量占比持续提升，整体毛利率得以修复并创下近一年新高。　　这种正向循环——“海外放量拉动毛利率修复，毛利率反哺千亿级研发投入，技术突破进一步打开海外市场”——使比亚迪在行业竞争加剧的周期中保持了可观的财务韧性，并带动其对于市场的进一步开拓。　　本次大会上，比亚迪副总裁罗忠良宣布了年底建设2万座闪充站的“闪充中国”战略，是其目前已建成数量（6150座）的三倍，这意味着全年比亚迪在闪充站建设上的投入力度将极速拉升。　　比亚迪全球第900万、1000万、1300万辆新能源汽车均从深汕下线，比亚迪深汕四期项目更是主攻“第二代刀片电池”生产。　　对这家万亿市值车企而言，深汕早已不是简单的产能承接者，而是其全球供应链闭环中不可或缺的节点。　　罗忠良站在演讲台上感慨地说，“5年前投资深汕的决定，无比正确。”　　新材料塑造增长第二极　　如果说比亚迪的产能扩张是深汕的产业底盘，那么以高端新材料为核心的“科创补链”，正在重塑深汕的长期增长结构。　　产业配比的变化是最直观的信号：此次产业投资促进大会上，28个签约项目中新材料领域独占18个，覆盖高分子材料、光刻胶、固态电池、碳纤维等关键赛道，而汽车及新能源领域仅7个。　　新材料领域的产业逻辑，根植于一条关键的瓶颈：华南地区长期缺乏高端电子化学品从研发到量产的专业载体。　　深汕高端电子化学品产业园，是目前华南地区唯一的高端电子化学品专业园区。　　此次大会宣布的园区中试基地扩容项目总投资约3.92亿元，将打通“实验室研发—中试试验—产业化落地”的完整链条。　　本次大会上，沃特新材料代表宣布将在深汕建设半导体级和医疗级特种高分子材料产业基地，深度融入深圳未来产业生态。　　新材料领域为何如此重要？广东省“十五五”规划纲要明确将“实施重点产业材料补链强链工程”列为重点方向，而深圳在芯片制造、新能源汽车等核心赛道长期面临高端材料“卡脖子”的供应链风险。沃特新材料、中金岭南、万泽航空等项目在深汕的集聚，本质上是在构建一条自主可控的上游材料供应链。　　新材料产业对深汕增长结构的重塑，已经体现在经济数据中。2026年一季度，全区规上工业增加值同比增长26.1%，第二产业增加值增长13.4%。　　值得注意的是，在汽车制造业维持高增长的同时，计算机、通信和其他电子设备制造业增加值同比猛增40.1%，电力热力生产和供应业增加值同比飙升115.9%。　　这种工业增长从单一依赖汽车制造向多元产业协同的演进，对于投资者而言，往往是一座工业城市增长质量提升的重要信号。　　在能源端，华润电力在深汕布局4台百万千瓦级机组，累计纳税近40亿元，并参与红海湾海上风电、储能调频、海上光伏等项目建设。红海湾海上风电预计年供64亿度绿电，结合深汕“风、光、储、充”多能互补的新型电力系统布局，正在从根本上降低深汕产业链的能源成本，增强大宗工业品出口的竞争力。　　从“产城拼接”到“有机融合”　　产业之外，深汕特别合作区也在进化。　　一座工业城市能否真正跃升为高质量发展标杆，终要交由常住人口的流向、配套体系的承载力和投资结构的质量来检验。　　2025年深汕实际管理人口突破15万人，常住人口同比增长9.57%，在一线城市普遍面临人口增长放缓的背景下，这一增速尤为突出。　　投资的流向变化提供了更深层的观察窗口。2026年1至4月，深汕固定资产投资同比下降，但基础设施投资增长31.1%，房地产开发投资增长47.2%。　　这组看似矛盾的数据，揭示的正是深汕发展阶段性的本质切换——重大工业项目框架基本搭建完成后，投资重心正在从产能扩张阶段向基础设施与城市功能领域迁移。　　交通基础设施的提速，则在用时空坐标重构深汕在粤港澳大湾区的区位价值。　　正在建设的深汕站综合交通枢纽预计2027年底投用，设5台13线，汇集广汕、深汕两条高铁，届时从深汕到深圳中心区仅30分钟，到广州仅40分钟。“东站西城”站城融合模式的设计目标，是用高密度轨道交通网络将深汕真正拉入深圳的“半小时经济圈”。中铁建工深汕站技术负责人彭日班在接受采访时表示：“深汕站建成后将大幅压缩深汕到达深圳、广州的时间。”　　在教育端，深汕已形成从基础教育到职业教育的完整链条：深圳南山外国语学校（集团）深汕西中心学校作为深汕首所深圳标准九年一贯制公办学校，现有中小学75个教学班，在校学生 3500余人，教职工229人。深圳市南山外国语学校（集团）深汕西中心学校党支部副书记元存金在接受采访时表示：“学校通过‘七星之星榜样学生评价体系’，发掘每个学生的闪光点，促进学生德智体美劳等方面全面发展。”　　深圳职业技术大学深汕校区首开区7月底完工，9月将迎来首批320名学子，全校区远期在校生规模将达1.5万人，规划设置新能源汽车技术、储能材料技术等33个与主导产业精准对接的专业。深圳职业技术大学深汕校区建设管理办公室副主任武延坤表示：“深职大深汕校区首开区60%至70%的师资力量都是由深职大本部老师组成，办学理念、办学模式也都沿用校本部。”此外，深圳中学深汕学校今年秋季同步开学。一座城区同时拥有深圳四大名校系统中的两所优质教育资源，这在任何产业新城中都并不多见。　　医疗端，北京大学深圳医院深汕医院作为深汕首个三级综合医院，计划于6月底投入运行。　　当产业工人的子女能在本地读到深圳标准的学校，当急救病人不必长途转运即可获得三甲医院救治，这座城市飞地的吸引力才真正脱离了“产业配套”的单一逻辑，进入了城市价值自我强化、自我增值的通道。　　在深圳刚刚发布的“十五五”规划纲要中，多处提及深汕，从现代产业体系建设、水电气配套完善，到活力宜居城市建设、民生幸福提升。规划明确要做大新能源汽车“深圳造”规模、提升“含深度”，加快建设小漠国际物流港二期工程，推动小漠港疏港铁路建设。　　多重利好下，投资深汕也自然成为了众多企业的共同选择。　　2026年开年，深汕率先挂牌全市首宗产业用地，中金岭南新材料摘牌成为新年首位在深汕拿地的“产业合伙人”；4月永年环保拿下新材料产业用地；5月深圳美信高分子材料拍下近8万平方米工业用地，投资6.33亿元建设高性能胶粘剂生产基地，达产后预计年产值12亿元。　　本次大会上，28个项目集中签约，从比亚迪“闪充中国”战略提速布局，到沃特新材料宣布建设半导体级和医疗级特种高分子材料产业基地，企业用真金白银作出了选择。（文章来源：21世纪经济报道）","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"isVideo":false,"video":null,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1,"need_auth":false,"need_login_tip":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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