马斯克败诉，AI行业如何更好走下去？

21世纪经济报道05-19 21:15

炒股就看金麒麟分析师研报，权威，专业，及时，全面，助您挖掘潜力主题机会！　　特约评论员熊夏柠　　据新华社报道，就美国企业家埃隆·马斯克针对OpenAI的诉讼，美国加州奥克兰市一家联邦法院的陪审团5月18日裁定马斯克相关主张已超过诉讼时效，马斯克一方败诉，OpenAI等被告不承担相应责任。　　据悉，这起令科技界非常关注的 OpenAI 联合创始人间的诉讼，陪审团经过大约两个小时审议后就达成...

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联合创始人间的诉讼，陪审团经过大约两个小时审议后就达成一致意见，裁定马斯克败诉。\n　　这是一场人工智能产业领域内备受关注的诉讼。以往美国科技企业创始人之间的矛盾与纠纷并非罕见，而这一案件其中之一的主角是马斯克，而OpenAI作为人工智能领域的明星公司，自然吸引了无数的镁光灯关注。2015年，马斯克和萨姆·奥尔特曼作为联合创始人共同创立 OpenAI 以来，这家初创公司已发展为全球最有价值的人工智能企业之一。\n　　此次诉讼，马斯克的论点主要在于OpenAI最初是一个非营利性机构，而自己当初也为此投资，但现在OpenAI已背离了当时的非营利性质，马斯克的法律团队称，OpenAI首席执行官奥尔特曼和总裁格雷格·布罗克曼决定将OpenAI重组为一家营利性企业时，“窃取了一家慈善机构”。马斯克还指责微软在2019 年到 2023 年向 OpenAI 投资 130 亿美元，从而助长了这种背叛行为。\n　　而OpenAI 的律师团队则认为，马斯克发起诉讼主要是为了打击OpenAI作为其竞争对手的存在，此前马斯克没能掌控这家公司，因此在2023年创办了一家竞争公司xAI。OpenAI 一方表示，从非营利慈善机构转型为商业企业对于获得其所需的巨额资金至关重要，这些资金用于实现其创建通用人工智能（AGI）的使命，造福人类。的确，据相关估算，AI大模型的研发非常“烧钱”，AI 行业本身具有研发成本高、投资回报周期长的特点，最初作为非营利机构募集来的资金，远不够研发。没有大量资本的介入，AGI行业可能发展不会如此之快。\n　　自 2015 年成立以来，OpenAI 凭借其 GPT 系列模型迭代及其先进技术，已经成为全球 AI领域最有价值的公司之一。从资本市场来看，OpenAI 的公司治理结构稳定性是投资者最为关心的方面。此次的判决对于OpenAI而言至关重要，此前曾有报道称，OpenAI或正在准备IPO事宜，可能在今年年底前实现。如果输了此次诉讼，那么OpenAI可能面临拆分或者更加严格的监管，对于其可能的IPO或是引入VC募资极为不利。因为，资本市场青睐管理稳定且技术领先的 AI 企业，会对其提供更高估值溢价。任何公司管理方面的不确定性，都可能导致技术跟不上或资金链紧张。此次裁决，有助于增强投资者对 OpenAI的信心，从而吸引更多长期资本进入 AI 生态体系。\n　　同时，此次OpenAI 案件中，该判决有助于明确公司创始人责任与权益边界，这将对初创公司治理模式产生示范效应。也提示企业的股权结构与企业决策效率高度相关，尤其是初创企业应该高度重视，否则可能导致公司后续发展不利影响，甚至阻碍创新。\n　　人工智能已成为全球经济增长的新动能。全球一些经济学家认为，AI可能在未来十年重塑各行业。OpenAI 作为行业先行者，其稳定性对整个技术生态的溢出效应非常重要，它也承担着这个领域革新的一个“鲶鱼”角色。这个市场也正面临更激烈的竞争，有实力的科技企业无疑都想分一杯羹。马斯克在2023年创办的人工智能公司xAI，当然也不例外，马斯克去年还欲以970亿美元的报价来收购OpenAI的非营利性母公司，但最后失败。\n　　马斯克在此次诉讼中向OpenAI和微软索赔超1500亿美元，但他声称自己不要一分钱，所有赔偿金全部打入OpenAI旗下慈善机构的账户。同时他还要求OpenAI回归非营利性质，并解除奥尔特曼和布罗克曼在OpenAI的职务，且要将奥尔特曼从董事会除名。可见，马斯克的主张中重点打的是“非营利”这张牌。\n　　现实中，各国对非营利机构的的确确有着一些优惠措施，但其和商业操作的边界，仍是需要关注和讨论的。AI行业如何在快速发展过程中恪守技术伦理，保障数据安全以及厘清发展边界，如何坚守最初的非营利机构的初心，这仍是业界需要讨论的问题。\n\n\n海量资讯、精准解读，尽在新浪财经APP\n\n责任编辑：刘万里 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