争夺未来话语权！从试点落地到多元布局，宝马、比亚迪、特斯拉等车企加码人形机器人

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2026年2月27日，宝马集团官方发布公告，宣布在德国莱比锡工厂正式启动人形机器人试点项目。这是宝马首次将物理人工智能（Physical AI）引入欧洲生产体系，标志着全球豪华车企在智能制造与具身智能领域的布局再进一步。　　据宝马方面介绍，该试点项目将依托宝马在汽车生产领域积累的工程化能力、品控体系与技术基因，探索人形机器人在汽车生产全流程中的应用可能性。重点聚焦零部件装配、物料搬运、高危岗位替代...

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From pilot implementation to diversified layout, BMW, BYD, Tesla and other car companies have increased their investment in humanoid robots","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"81211":0.6,"TSDD":0.6,"TSLR":0.6,"TSLS":0.6,"07766":0.6,"TSLW":0.6,"TSLY":0.6,"TSL":0.6,"TSLP":0.6,"TSLG":0.6,"TSLT":0.6,"002594":1.85,"HYDD.SI":0.6,"TESL":0.6,"TLA":0.6,"BYDDY":1.85,"CRSH":0.6,"TSLQ":0.6,"BMWYY":1.95,"TSLI":0.6,"TSLO":0.6,"TEST":0.6,"TSLZ":0.6,"TSLA":1.88,"TSII":0.6,"EVS.SI":0.6,"TSYY":0.6},"content_text":"2026年2月27日，宝马集团官方发布公告，宣布在德国莱比锡工厂正式启动人形机器人试点项目。这是宝马首次将物理人工智能（Physical AI）引入欧洲生产体系，标志着全球豪华车企在智能制造与具身智能领域的布局再进一步。　　据宝马方面介绍，该试点项目将依托宝马在汽车生产领域积累的工程化能力、品控体系与技术基因，探索人形机器人在汽车生产全流程中的应用可能性。重点聚焦零部件装配、物料搬运、高危岗位替代等场景，通过物理人工智能技术的落地，实现机器人与生产环境、人类员工的高效协同，进一步提升生产效率与产品品质。　　相关数据显示，截至2026年3月，全球已有超过20家主流车企布局人形机器人赛道，其中包括特斯拉、宝马、现代等国际巨头，以及比亚迪、小鹏、长安、奇瑞等中国头部车企。　　宝马莱比锡试点落地，AI赋能欧洲智能制造　　业界观点认为，此次宝马德国莱比锡工厂人形机器人试点项目的启动，为宝马自身的生产体系升级提供了新的解决方案。　　据悉，宝马莱比锡工厂此次启动的人形机器人试点项目，核心依托物理人工智能（Physical AI）技术，这一技术的核心逻辑的是将数字人工智能与实体机器、机器人相结合，让智能系统能够在真实的生产环境中自主学习、自主决策、自主执行任务，实现“感知-决策-执行”的闭环。与传统工业机器人相比，基于物理人工智能的人形机器人，具备更强的环境适应性、任务灵活性与协同能力，能够适应汽车生产过程中复杂、多变的场景需求，无需对现有生产流水线进行大规模改造，即可快速融入现有生产体系。　　从项目的核心背景来看，宝马此次选择在莱比锡工厂落地试点，有着明确的产业逻辑与技术基础。莱比锡工厂成立于2005年，主要生产宝马1系、2系Active Tourer、MINI Countryman车型等产品，年产能达到30万辆以上。该工厂在数字化、智能化生产方面积累了深厚的经验，已实现车身制造、涂装、总装等环节的高度自动化，拥有完善的生产数据采集、分析与应用体系，这为人形机器人的试点应用提供了良好的硬件基础与数据支撑。　　与此同时，宝马在2025年已在美国斯巴达堡工厂成功实施了人形机器人试点项目，此次莱比锡工厂的试点，是宝马将物理人工智能技术从北美向欧洲推广的重要举措，也是其全球化布局的关键一步。　　宝马集团负责生产的董事会成员米兰·内德尔科维奇曾公开表示：“数字化提升了我们在欧洲乃至全球的生产竞争力，工程专业知识与人工智能的共生，为生产领域开辟了全新的可能性。”　　汽车行业分析师翟强表示：“宝马此次将物理人工智能引入欧洲生产体系，并非单纯的技术试点，而是其‘BMW iFACTORY’战略的重要组成部分，而人形机器人与物理人工智能技术的应用，正是这一战略的具体落地。”　　截至目前，宝马莱比锡工厂的人形机器人试点项目已进入正式启动阶段，宝马集团并未公布具体的试点周期与规模化推广时间表。　　汽车行业分析师韩昊说道：“从其美国斯巴达堡工厂的试点进展来看，若莱比锡工厂的试点取得预期效果，未来3—5年内，宝马有望将人形机器人逐步推广至全球各大生产基地，实现生产效率的进一步提升与生产体系的全面升级。”　　全球车企集体加码，人形机器人赛道呈现多元布局　　目前，除了宝马之外，全球已有超过20家主流车企布局人形机器人赛道。　　特斯拉作为全球智能汽车的领军企业，是最早布局人形机器人赛道的车企之一，其Tesla Bot（Optimus）项目自2021年8月在AI Day首次发布概念以来，始终保持快速迭代的节奏。2026年初，特斯拉宣布将于第一季度推出第三代Optimus量产版，并在加州弗里蒙特工厂改造专用产线，计划2026年底启动规模化量产，初期年产能5万—10万台，长期目标年产能突破100万台，成本控制在2万美元以内。　　在应用场景方面，Optimus优先在特斯拉自身的汽车工厂落地，负责零部件搬运、流水线装配、设备巡检等任务，截至2025年底，已有超过1000台Optimus原型机在特斯拉加州弗里蒙特工厂、得州超级工厂投入试运营，数据显示，Optimus的应用使相关岗位的生产效率提升了25%以上，人工成本降低了30%。　　现代汽车则通过收购技术公司的方式，快速完成人形机器人的技术储备。早在2013年，现代汽车便收购了全球顶尖人形机器人企业波士顿动力，2024至2025年，现代汽车推动Atlas机器人在汽车工厂的试点应用，重点聚焦于整车总装、物料搬运等场景。　　此外，中国头部车企在人形机器人赛道的布局，起步虽晚，但发展速度极快。截至2026年3月，中国已有比亚迪、小鹏、长安、奇瑞等超10余家车企布局人形机器人赛道。　　小鹏汽车是中国最早布局人形机器人赛道的车企之一。小鹏汽车内部人士介绍，从2018年便启动机器人预研，走全栈自研的路线，其IRON机器人项目是国内最接近通用机器人目标的全栈自研方案。2024年底，IRON机器人进入广州工厂实训，2026年1月首台量产样机下线。截至2026年3月，已有超过500台IRON机器人在小鹏广州、肇庆工厂投入试运营，数据显示，IRON机器人的应用使工厂的生产效率提升了30%，人工成本降低了35%。　　奇瑞汽车是国内落地速度最快的车企。2025年1月，奇瑞成立安徽墨甲智创机器人公司，专门负责人形机器人的研发、生产与销售。2025年3月，发布首款人形机器人墨甲“芜优”。2026年1月，完成300多台全球批量交付，成为全球首个实现规模化交付的车企。　　比亚迪作为中国新能源汽车的领军企业，走“自研+生态协同”的路线，稳步推进人形机器人的布局。据比亚迪方面的介绍，2022年，比亚迪在第十五事业部正式启动“尧舜禹”人形机器人项目，2023年战略投资智元机器人，2024年4月加码布局触觉传感领域，2025年完成第六代原型机进厂测试，核心零部件产线同步投产，2026年计划实现2万台内部自用，规划2028年全面大规模落地。　　汽车行业分析师翟强分析认为：当前，全球车企布局人形机器人赛道已进入加速阶段，行业呈现出“技术快速迭代、量产逐步落地、场景不断拓展”的良好态势。“这一态势的形成，离不开汽车产业的技术积累、供应链体系的支撑以及政策与资本的推动。”　　供应链层面，全球新能源汽车供应链的完善，为人形机器人的量产提供了保障。人形机器人的核心零部件，包括电机、电控、电池、芯片、传感器等，与新能源汽车的零部件高度通用，而中国作为全球最大的新能源汽车生产基地，拥有完善的供应链体系，能够实现核心零部件的快速供应与成本控制。　　政策层面，全球各国纷纷出台政策支持人形机器人产业的发展，同时资本也持续加大对该领域的投入。中国出台《“十四五”机器人产业发展规划》，明确支持人形机器人的研发与应用，将其列为重点发展领域。　　翟强表示，对于车企而言，布局人形机器人不仅是应对汽车产业内卷、寻求新增长极的重要举措，更是卡位下一代智能终端、争夺未来科技话语权的战略选择。（文章来源：华夏时报网）","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"1","news_tag":"corporation","news_rank":0,"isVideo":false,"video":null,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"need_login_tip":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","isDev":false,"isTTM":false,"tenantId":"TBCN","deviceId":"web-server-community-laohu8-v3","version":"4.42.0","shortVersion":"4.42.0","platform":"web","vendor":"web","appName":"laohu8","isIOS":false,"isAndroid":false,"isTiger":false,"isTHS":false,"isWeiXin":false,"isWeiXinMini":false,"isWeiBo":false,"isQQ":false,"isBaiduSwan":false,"isBaiduBox":false,"isDingTalk":false,"isToutiao":false,"isOnePlus":false,"isHuaWei":false,"isXiaomi":false,"isXiaomiWebView":false,"isOppo":false,"isVivo":false,"isSamsung":false,"isMobile":false},"href":"/m/news/2616312371","isCrawlerRequest":true}