蚂蚁“灵光”，活在阿福、千问的夹缝中

新商业派02-03

上线六天下载突破200万，月活却迟迟未超千万。一面是自家“阿福”的强势崛起，一面是阿里“千问”的生态挤压，蚂蚁的“灵光”正经历着一场尴尬的生存困境。1月中旬，千问App宣布全面接入淘宝闪购和支付宝，让蚂蚁的AI工具“灵光”陷入质疑。在蚂蚁集团AI战略的宏大图景中，“灵光”本应是一颗璀璨的明星。2025年11月18日，蚂蚁集团高调发布全模态通用AI助手“灵光”，声称能在移动端实现“自然语言30秒生成...

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ADX 行业版 2025 年 11 月数据，大陆市场原生 AI 产品投放素材量 TOP5 之外的产品素材量均不足 5000 组，灵光未进入素材量 TOP5，仅依靠产品功能实现自然传播，后续市场声量快速回落，与阿福、千问的差距持续拉大。02 被两面夹击，灵光的战略困境“灵光”的困境并非单纯的产品问题，而是蚂蚁集团内部战略选择和外部竞争格局共同作用的结果。在蚂蚁集团的AI战略中，“阿福”被赋予了极高的战略优先级。蚂蚁集团CEO韩歆毅透露，“阿福”在2024、2025年的投入已达到“几十亿”级别。这种投入力度远超“灵光”。更重要的是，“阿福”直接对接了蚂蚁核心业务——支付和金融。通过支付宝的引流，“阿福”避开了从零建信任的难题，用户不是因为相信AI才用阿福，而是因为已经在用支付宝处理健康事务，顺手试了一下，发现有用，就留下来了。来自阿里集团的“千问”则从另一面挤压“灵光”的生存空间。虽然蚂蚁声称两者是“共赴AGI的战友和兄弟”，并用“沙漠中分路找水”比喻协同探索，但在实际市场表现中，两者存在直接竞争。“千问”背靠阿里强大的生态资源，全面接入淘宝、支付宝、淘宝闪购、飞猪、高德等阿里生态业务，上线生活、政务、工作、教育四大场景多项办事功能。这种生态整合能力是“灵光”难以比拟的。技术层面，“千问”的模型能力也更为强大。2026年1月，阿里发布千问旗舰推理模型Qwen3-Max-Thinking，总参数量超万亿(1T)，预训练数据量高达36T Tokens，是目前阿里规模最大、能力最强的推理大模型。蚂蚁内部的资源分配机制也不利于“灵光”。韩歆毅提出了“两个维度，一个重点”的战略：“两个维度”是通用AI(灵光)和专业垂类AI(阿福)并行，“一个重点”是必须赢的健康领域。这意味着，“阿福”是蚂蚁的“必赢之战”，而“灵光”更多是“尝试逻辑”。在资源有限的情况下，蚂蚁推出灵光的核心目的，是让蚂蚁 “加入 AI 的战场”，并非为了打造新的战略级入口。这种定位决定了灵光无法获得阿福级别的资源倾斜。“灵光”的产品定位也使其处于尴尬境地。当前通用 AI 助手赛道已是红海，字节豆包、腾讯元宝等玩家先发优势明显，蚂蚁在该领域无核心资源优势。蚂蚁集团CTO何征宇明确表示，“灵光”的目标并不是通用助手入口，也不像豆包等应用主打陪伴功能，而是定位效率工具。这种定位使其既难以获得通用AI用户，又难以像阿福那样深耕垂直领域。03夹缝中的求生之道“灵光”的技术路线虽然创新，但也带来了应用场景的限制。“灵光”的核心优势是全代码生成多模态内容，用户可以用自然语言30秒生成可交互、可分享的轻应用。这种能力确实令人印象深刻，上线首月用户就创建了1200万个“闪应用”。然而，这种能力也带来了高成本和低效率的挑战。代码量是纯文本的5-6倍，同时必须保证流畅的移动端体验。上线仅两天，“闪应用”功能就被“挤爆”，灵光通过官方账号承认崩了。更重要的是，“闪应用”功能虽然创新，但应用场景相对有限。大多数用户创建的“闪应用”是生活服务、办公效率、学习工具等轻量级应用，难以形成高频、刚需的使用场景。相比之下，“阿福”则聚焦于健康管理这一高频、刚需场景。用户每天都要回答500多万个健康提问，这种高频使用带来了更高的用户粘性和留存率。“千问”则通过生态整合，实现了更广泛的应用场景覆盖。从生活服务到政务工作，从教育学习到金融理财，几乎覆盖了用户生活的所有方面。蚂蚁对灵光未进行大力投入，本质是集团基于阿里系生态协同和自身战略聚焦的双重理性选择，核心源于两大关键因素，二者相互支撑，共同决定了灵光的资源分配格局。其一，规避阿里系内部同质化竞争，杜绝生态内耗。阿里千问作为阿里集团通用 AI 赛道的核心布局，已获得集团顶级投放资源加持。蚂蚁作为阿里系重要成员，若对灵光进行重兵投入，必然会与千问形成正面竞争，不仅会分散阿里系整体的 AI 投流资源，还会造成内部产品的用户分流，违背阿里系 AI 生态的协同发展逻辑。同时，灵光底层架构本就融合了阿里千问的模型能力，二者技术同源性较高，进一步投入极易形成内耗，这也是蚂蚁在资源分配上刻意保持克制的重要原因。其二，拒绝双线作战，集中资源打造拳头产品。AI 赛道的竞争需要持续的巨额资金、技术和人力投入，头部 AI 产品的流量争夺需要重金加持，蚂蚁深知自身的核心优势在垂直场景而非通用入口，若同时在通用 AI 的灵光和垂直健康的阿福上大力投入，必然会导致资源分散，难以在任一赛道形成压倒性优势。而健康赛道是蚂蚁的生态优势所在，阿福的定位精准契合民生刚需且市场空白显著，集中所有资源将阿福打造成拳头产品，是蚂蚁在 AI 赛道实现破局的最优解，这也意味着必须牺牲对灵光的投入力度。面对两面夹击，“灵光”也需要找到自己的生存之道。“灵光”首先需要明确自己的战略定位。是继续坚持“效率工具”的定位，还是调整方向，寻找更适合自己的市场？一种可能的选择是，将“灵光”作为技术输出平台，为“阿福”提供底层技术支持，而不是直接参与C端竞争。这样可以避免与兄弟产品的直接竞争，同时发挥自身的技术优势。另一种选择是，深耕其他特定垂直领域，如教育、设计、编程等专业场景，提供深度定制化的解决方案。这些场景对“闪应用”功能有更强需求，用户价值也更高。“灵光”的困境也反映了蚂蚁集团AI战略需要再平衡。目前来看，垂直AI如“阿福”已经证明了自己的价值，而通用AI如“灵光”则面临更大的不确定性。不过“灵光”的故事远未结束。 1月底韩歆毅在内部信中点名“灵光”，将其与“阿福”、“碰一下”并列为蚂蚁AI新业务的三个故事，表明蚂蚁并未放弃对“灵光”的期望。但在AI应用竞争日益激烈的今天，“灵光”需要找到自己的独特价值，才能在“阿福”和“千问”的夹缝中生存下来。这不仅是“灵光”自身的挑战，也是蚂蚁集团AI战略需要回答的问题。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; 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