马斯克盛赞4680电池起死回生！攻克瓶颈打脸宁德时代，已上车Model Y

与非网02-04

杰西卡发自副驾寺智能车参考 | 公众号 AI4Auto特斯拉4680电池，起死回生。特斯拉确认，目前已采用干电极工艺生产4680电池，今年会陆续扩大产线。简直太突然……因为就在去年年底，4680才刚被曝进展缓慢，供应商L&F公司披露，双方两年前签订的合同价值几乎归零，已暴跌99.9%。这才过去1个多月，等外界对新进展有所察觉时，4680已经攻克重大难题、发布完专利，并且在为Model Y供应...

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ACC"},"translate_title":"Musk praises the 4680 battery for coming back to life! Overcoming bottlenecks and slapping CATL in the face, Model Y has been put on the car","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"TESL":0.6,"TSLA":1.96,"TSLW":0.6,"TSLP":0.6,"TSLG":0.6,"TSLO":0.6,"TSLI":0.6,"TSLZ":0.6,"TSLQ":0.6,"TSLR":0.6,"TSLL":0.6,"TSII":0.6,"TSLT":0.6,"TSLS":0.6,"TSL":0.6,"CRSH":0.6,"TSDD":0.6,"TSLY":0.6,"07766":0.6,"UFO":0.6,"TSYY":0.6},"content_text":"杰西卡 发自 副驾寺 智能车参考 | 公众号 AI4Auto特斯拉4680电池，起死回生。特斯拉确认，目前已采用干电极工艺生产4680电池，今年会陆续扩大产线。简直太突然……因为就在去年年底，4680才刚被曝进展缓慢，供应商L&F公司披露，双方两年前签订的合同价值几乎归零，已暴跌99.9%。这才过去1个多月，等外界对新进展有所察觉时，4680已经攻克重大难题、发布完专利，并且在为Model Y供应电池组了。这意味着，特斯拉卡壳多年的降本难题，终于迈过了最关键的一道坎。连马斯克都对这次“闷声干大事”连连感慨：干电极工艺的规模化极其困难。这是特斯拉工程、生产、供应链团队及合作伙伴的重要成就。特斯拉4680电池重大突破，马斯克感慨：极其困难在最新发布的2025年财报中，特斯拉已确认：公司正在奥斯汀工厂生产4680电池的干电极，阳极和阴极都在这里制造。并且部分Model Y车型，已经搭载了这批4680电池组，为公司新增了一条电池供应来源。特斯拉还表示，美国得州的阴极材料产线、内华达州的磷酸铁锂电池产线，预计今年也会相继投产。一直以来，实现干电极工艺制造，都是4680走向量产的最大难题之一。而这次的新进展，相当于向外界传递了一个重要信息：被特斯拉赋予重大意义的4680电池，如今已经完成重大突破，量产在即。这就奇怪了。因为就在1个多月前，特斯拉的4680电池，才刚被供应商曝光进展陷入僵局。据韩国电池材料供应商L&F透露，公司和特斯拉在2023年签订过一份供货合同，当时价值约29亿美元，要向特斯拉持续供应高镍正极材料。而到2025年年底，这份合同的价值已被削减到973万韩元，折合人民币大约是4.7万元，大幅缩水99.99%。L&F没有在公告中解释金额暴降的具体原因，只提及“供应量发生变化”。结合4680近年来的缓慢产速来看，外界大概已经能琢磨出背后的深意。一时之间，看衰4680电池的观点甚嚣尘上，甚至有声音认为这个项目已经黄了。不过现在看来，4680或许在那时候已经取得了突破。马斯克也确实沉得住气，直到新进展被外界感知后，才在社交平台上发帖，感慨起了4680研发的不易：让干电极工艺实现规模化生产，是锂电池生产技术的重大突破，且过程极其困难。他还对特斯拉团队表示赞扬，称这是特斯拉工程、生产和供应链团队，以及合作伙伴供应商取得的一项重大成就。并且，据4680电池副总裁邦尼·埃格尔斯顿（Bonne Eggleston）透露：“干电极技术的规模化落地，还仅仅是个开始。”这或许又是在暗示，后续还有更精彩的优化。不过，在此之前的疑问是，4680电池到底困难在哪了？现在怎么就突然攻克了？4680关键难题被攻克特斯拉4680电池，最早是马斯克在2020年的电池日活动提出的。这款圆柱电芯以尺寸命名，电池直径46mm，高80mm。由于比传统的18650电池、2170电池尺寸更大，所以在理论上，4680电池可以实现更高的能量密度和热管理效率。展会上，特斯拉还描述了通过无极片式设计、新型阴极和阳极材料、车辆底盘结构集成、干电极制造工艺等计划，把电池成本降低56%的方案。后续的研发过程中，特斯拉很快就完成了电池形状、结构包的设计，但到干电极的步骤却卡壳了。具体难在哪了呢？可以先来了解下电池行业的背景。传统的锂离子电池生产，通常采用湿浆料工艺，也就是将电极材料与溶剂混合形成浆料，再涂在金属箔上，通过干燥炉来蒸发溶剂。这种干燥炉体积庞大，宽度可能会达到几十米，会占据工厂大量的地面空间，还会消耗大量的电力。而采用干电极工艺，会把电极材料加工成粉末，直接压制成薄膜，能有效消除对溶剂和干燥炉的需求。设想很美好，但真正实践起来，难度远超想象，且正极还要比负极更加复杂。因为要想让干粉末粘合成固体片状，通常需要施加巨大的压力，或者添加大量聚合物，充当“粘合剂”。然而，两种方法都有明显的弊端：如果用第一种方法，特斯拉需要重新发明、制造电池的机械设备，能够以极高的精度施加巨大压力；但这样很容易压碎材料中的精细晶体，缩短电池寿命。第二种方法也很难把控，正极的三元锂、负极的石墨和粘结剂很难混合均匀，一旦混合不均，极片就会出现厚薄不一，导致电池一致性差，充电时发热不均，甚至引发热失控。所以很长一段时间里，特斯拉采用的是干式负极、湿法正极的方式生产4680电池。但电池产量始终有限，也只供应在Cybertruck上。事实上，有不少公司也尝试过干式工艺，但都没有在车载电池上实现过量产，可见难度确实非常高。许多电池专家，都对4680电池的量产时间表存有质疑。宁德时代董事长曾毓群，之前还当面告诉过马斯克：“4680电池将会失败，永远不会成功。”现在，特斯拉能以干电极工艺造4680，并且两个电极都是干式工艺，也意味着公司找到了新的解决方案。而其在今年1月29日发布的专利，恰好解答了这方面的疑问。简单来说，就是特斯拉把关注点从设备转移到了制造方法上。这种方法采用更加“温和”的无损混合技术，重新规划了制造顺序：首先，需要将活性材料与多孔碳混合。这些活性材料是实际储存能量的主要锂化合物，而多孔碳则作为导电添加剂，起到类似微观电网的作用。然后，添加干性粘合剂。这种干性粘合剂会作为结构胶，将粉末混合物粘合在一起，最终形成固体薄片。这一过程中，特斯拉提到了一些关键的创新细节。例如，活性材料颗粒需要在10微米以上，而传统制造工艺通常是把材料粉碎成细粉，以便融入湿浆料。特斯拉发现，通过保持颗粒更大且纯净，可以显著减少使用粘合剂，特斯拉已将粘合剂的重量比例降到了2%以下。而4680电池实现关键突破，意味着即将能开始大规模生产。移除干燥炉、取消溶剂回收系统，工厂就能缩小产线占地面积，减少运营支出，降低制造成本，能量密度还更高。这些新的4680电池，上车特斯拉最畅销的Model Y，也将会显著提高特斯拉的利润率，以此更好地应对汽车市场的激烈竞争。特斯拉提到的“可扩展性”，也暗示4680未来还会出现在更多产品线中，例如Robotaxi，例如“Model 2”——特斯拉那个2.5万美元的低价新车型。这些车需要显著降低成本结构才能实现盈利，4680上车恰恰就是最关键的推动因素。所以，已经6年没推出新系列的特斯拉，是不是终于能发新车了？","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"2","news_tag":"productRelease","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","isDev":false,"isTTM":false,"tenantId":"TBCN","deviceId":"web-server-community-laohu8-v3","version":"4.36.2","shortVersion":"4.36.2","platform":"web","vendor":"web","appName":"laohu8","isIOS":false,"isAndroid":false,"isTiger":false,"isTHS":false,"isWeiXin":false,"isWeiXinMini":false,"isWeiBo":false,"isQQ":false,"isBaiduSwan":false,"isBaiduBox":false,"isDingTalk":false,"isToutiao":false,"isOnePlus":false,"isHuaWei":false,"isXiaomi":false,"isXiaomiWebView":false,"isOppo":false,"isVivo":false,"isSamsung":false,"isMobile":false},"href":"/m/news/2608333583","isCrawlerRequest":true}