银行角逐经营贷红海，利率压至1字头让利实体

21世纪经济报道01-27

21世纪经济报道记者叶麦穗在政策引导、市场竞争与资金成本下降等多重因素推动下，经营贷的竞争越发激烈，部分经营贷在各种补助的加持下，甚至击穿2%，进入1字头，这已经是历史冰点价。业内人士认为，金融让利实体经济的政策导向，存款利率下调带来的负债端成本下降，为贷款利率持续下行创造了条件。而在房贷需求疲软、信贷结构亟待优化的背景下，经营贷成为银行信贷角逐的红海。（资料图）11类经营主体可享贴息政策“我行...

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叶麦穗在政策引导、市场竞争与资金成本下降等多重因素推动下，经营贷的竞争越发激烈，部分经营贷在各种补助的加持下，甚至击穿2%，进入1字头，这已经是历史冰点价。业内人士认为，金融让利实体经济的政策导向，存款利率下调带来的负债端成本下降，为贷款利率持续下行创造了条件。而在房贷需求疲软、信贷结构亟待优化的背景下，经营贷成为银行信贷角逐的红海。（资料图）11类经营主体可享贴息政策“我行...</p>\n\n<a href=\"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20260127210213a45c3bf6&s=b\">网页链接</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","isBrief":false,"type":0,"news_type":1,"symbol":"LU1152091168.USD","symbol_name":"UBS (LUX) EQUITY FUND - CHINA OPPORTUNITY (USD) \"PM\" INC","start_time":0,"source_url":"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20260127210213a45c3bf6&s=b","article_id":"2606178011","we_media_id":null,"thumbnails":[],"rights":{"source":"tencent","url":"http://gu.qq.com/resources/shy/news/detail-v2/index.html#/?id=nesSN20260127210213a45c3bf6&s=b","rn_cache_url":null,"customStyle":"body{padding-top:10px;}#news_title{font-weight:bold;#titleStyle#;}#news_description 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entities","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"01398":0.9,"01288":0.9,"03143":0.6,"03968":0.9,"00939":0.9},"content_text":"21世纪经济报道记者 叶麦穗在政策引导、市场竞争与资金成本下降等多重因素推动下，经营贷的竞争越发激烈，部分经营贷在各种补助的加持下，甚至击穿2%，进入1字头，这已经是历史冰点价。业内人士认为，金融让利实体经济的政策导向，存款利率下调带来的负债端成本下降，为贷款利率持续下行创造了条件。而在房贷需求疲软、信贷结构亟待优化的背景下，经营贷成为银行信贷角逐的红海。（资料图）11类经营主体可享贴息政策“我行目前各类贷款政策重大利好，个人住宅抵押经营贷款，年化利率最低2.25%，抵押率最高8.5成，额度高达2500万元，支持随借随还，它行转贷支持免垫资费，资料简单，最快1天放款，有需求或者身边朋友有需要可以找我。 ”某大型股份行的放贷经理发给客户的信息显示。而在上月初，该行经营贷的利率还在2.45%，额度1000万元，一个月的时间，不但利率下降了20个基点，额度也扩容超过一倍。国有大行的利率则相对较高，据记者了解，目前工农中建四大行普遍集中在2.4%到2.8%之间，根据主体的流水以及个人信用还可以浮动，但整体利率相比股份行要高。单个主体的贷款额度不超过1000万元，5年内可以只还利息，并且支持随借随还，抵押率平均在7成左右。城商行的竞争态势更为激烈。以珠海华润银行为例，其推出的抵押类经营贷一年期利率最低可至2.2%，单户授信上限最高达2000万元，并提供等额本息、等额本金、先息后本等多种还款方式，以适配不同经营主体的现金流需求。记者走访多家银行发现，不同类型机构的经营贷产品各有侧重，但“低利率、高额度”成为共同标签。广州市增城一家民宿老板张先生告诉记者：“这几年周边游热度起来了，我想翻新民宿提升竞争力，粗算下来需要200万元资金。前几年也有类似想法，但是因为利率较高，迟迟不敢下手，今年贷款利率非常优惠，客户经理帮我申请到了3%左右的LPR联动利率，而且为信用贷，比前几年省了不少资金，因此下定决心开始着手。”没有最低，只有更低。民生银行广州某支行的信贷经理表示，该行抵押经营贷的利率多集中在2.5%，但是有11类经营主体可以申请贴息。根据有关规定，单户可享受贴息的2026年新发放贷款规模最高可达1000万元，即单户最高补贴金额10万元。贴息期限不超过1年，年贴息比例为1个百分点。据悉，这11类可以享受贴息的经营主体包括：餐饮住宿、健康、养老、托育、家政、文化娱乐、旅游、体育、数字、绿色、零售等消费领域服务业。 此外根据经营主体的流水情况，可以赠送小微红包补贴，抵扣利息，各种优惠算下来，经营贷的利率直接击穿2%，进入1字头。除了利率比拼，银行还在服务细节与客户拓展上“下功夫”。去年11月12日，江苏银行上海分行针对个体工商户及小微企业推出专属经营贷，最高额度2000万元，年化利率2.8%起（按单利计算）。现有经营贷客户转介新客（未申请过或申请未通过的客户）并成功获批，推荐人可获“苏银豆”奖励，可兑换京东PLUS会员年卡、加油卡、养生壶等实用礼品，用社交裂变方式扩大影响。利率继续大幅下滑可能性不大对于目前经营贷“量足价优”情况，多位金融专家表示，这是政策引导、市场竞争与行业转型多重因素叠加的结果。上海金融与发展实验室首席专家、主任曾刚指出，随着房地产市场调整，按揭贷款这一传统优质资产规模萎缩，银行急需寻找新的信贷投放渠道，经营贷自然成为重要方向。同时，宏观政策持续引导金融机构加大对小微企业的支持力度，普惠金融指标的监管要求下，银行不得不通过降低利率吸引客户、完成考核任务。更关键的是，银行间竞争激烈，国有大行凭借低成本资金优势率先降价，中小银行为抢夺优质客户也需要跟进，形成利率“竞降”格局。招联首席研究员董希淼分析认为，当前市场有效需求不足，利率中枢下降，导致银行之间的竞争趋于白热化。部分银行仍然存在规模情结和速度情结，片面追求简单的规模增长和市场份额。记者调研发现，利率出现“地板价”的背后是对优质客群的激烈拼抢。多数银行对于抵押物有较高要求，例如对被抵押房产所在区域、楼龄、按揭年限有一定要求。比如，平安银行广州某支行要求，抵押品的房龄不超20年，除增城、花都、南沙以外区域皆可准入。对于未来利率走势，业内专家普遍认为，短期内大幅下降空间已有限，大概率在低位震荡。排排网财富研究总监刘有华分析，政策层面仍鼓励金融机构向实体经济让利，利率不具备快速上行基础；但银行净息差持续收窄，进一步主动降息的动力已不足。更重要的是，过度低廉的利率可能引发资金套利、跨市场挪用等风险，银行需在定价中守住底线，这意味着利率持续下行的支撑因素正在减弱。央行披露的境内贷款明细数据显示，2025年12月，新增居民贷款中，消费贷与经营贷分化明显。当月新增居民短期贷款为-871亿元，其中短期居民消费贷减少1041亿元，而经营贷增加170亿元；新增居民中长期贷款为17亿元，其中中长期居民消费贷减少1318亿元，而中长期经营贷增加1335亿元。从资产质量角度看，中泰证券首席银行业分析师戴志锋测算显示，商业银行表内高风险消费贷占比约为0.6%，上市银行基本未参与高风险区间业务。但在监管趋严、高定价网贷受限的背景下，若风险向较优客群传导，消费贷资产质量仍需持续关注。压力测试结果显示，2026年消费贷不良率预计较2025年上升约20个基点至1.89%。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"isVideo":false,"video":null,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1,"need_auth":false,"need_login_tip":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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