当AI遇上残障群体，开始挑战生命的“不可能”

钛媒体01-24

文 | 温度纪，作者｜刘曳，编辑｜路子甲AI到底发展到什么程度了。时至今日，我们很难拿一个具体的数据和文字去衡量。人工智能听起来依然“高大上”，却悄然融入我们的琐碎日常。好比蒸汽带来工业时代，AI正带来智能时代。我们无法量化“革命”，却已身处浪潮中央，而这场最深刻的变革正发生在残障群体内部。AI的叙事有时过于宏大，被抛下的恐惧让人人都担心。科学家，企业家，时代的创新者拼命往前，似乎没人顾得上落后者...

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温度纪，作者｜刘曳，编辑｜路子甲AI到底发展到什么程度了。时至今日，我们很难拿一个具体的数据和文字去衡量。人工智能听起来依然“高大上”，却悄然融入我们的琐碎日常。好比蒸汽带来工业时代，AI正带来智能时代。我们无法量化“革命”，却已身处浪潮中央，而这场最深刻的变革正发生在残障群体内部。AI的叙事有时过于宏大，被抛下的恐惧让人人都担心。科学家，企业家，时代的创新者拼命往前，似乎没人顾得上落后者。而在现实生活真正需要人中间，这不是一个炫酷的科技概念，而是切切实实化身视障朋友的“眼睛”，实时识别图像转语音描述世界；成为听障外卖员的耳朵，将语音瞬间转换文字；它更是残障者的肢体延伸，用智能骨骼跃动生命的不可能。AI助盲眼镜，重新定义光明“远骋，月底有一个助盲眼镜的研发测试活动，你来吗？”杨远骋上午刚打扫完家里卫生，盲人协会会长肖青茹给他发来消息，手机语音助手快速读给他听。他打开协会会员群，听见肖青茹已经将活动消息发给群员，大家在群里七嘴八舌地讨论着。杨远骋手划屏幕，快速听取信息。“没什么用，上次协助测试了一个电子导盲犬，说是一年内上线，我们可以7折购买，也没下文。”“就免费吃了顿素食自助，懒得出去，现在路上到处都是不要命的外卖员，摔了还不够赔的。”“别去了又是卖货，什么助盲耳机，电子导盲犬，助盲拐杖，一堆没用的。”残障人员的谨慎是对于社会恶意的自我保护，他们见惯太多打着公益旗号的割韭菜，早已免疫，选择封闭。杨远骋没有说话，默默关闭群聊对话框。作为一名视障人员，父母给他起名“远骋”是想让他驰骋远方，没想到家族遗传的青光眼，让他50岁不到就盲了，眼底只剩偶尔模糊的亮光。见无人响应，会长又给杨远骋私发了消息：“远骋，你来吧，咱们好久没聚聚了。”肖青茹两年前帮杨远骋申请过一只导盲犬，虽然后面到期收回，但杨远骋记她这份恩情。还没等他回答，肖青茹又发来消息：“这次不一样，新产品添加了人工智能AI，技术有了显著提升。”人工智能、AI这些词汇，杨远骋只在新闻上听过，该不会又是割韭菜吧。带着些许好奇和欠肖青茹的人情，杨远驰骋在周六下午2:30准时从家里出发。自从上一只导盲犬艾克被收回，杨远骋已经3个多月没怎么出门了。盲人在城市生活多有不便，盲道随处被自行车、电动车、小摊小贩占用；日渐增多的外卖员每次都擦着他的脚边过，还不忘回头咒骂他一句“你瞎呀”；一旦他步伐缓慢，电动车和小汽车就不停冲他按喇叭，杨远骋忙中出错，有个星期竟然迷路了三次。到活动地点后，一个声音甜美的女士递给13个测试人员一人一副眼镜。杨远骋了解到这是一家叫瞳行科技的初创企业研发的AI助盲眼镜，配合盲杖一起使用，充好电后只要口述“开启环境描述”，AI就会识别画面转语音描述障碍。详细说明使用细节后，工作人员让他们将眼镜带回家体验半月，到时回活动地点讲述使用体验。杨远骋回家时便佩戴上眼镜，很快顺利通过了之前让他头疼的红绿灯。以往过红绿灯，杨远骋总会小心机地贴着旁人的肩膀，只要对方动了，杨远骋便赶紧动身。这次助盲眼镜主动提醒他红灯转绿，行进过程中每走一步都会提醒车况。听到喇叭的催促声，AI还会安慰他：放轻松，慢慢来。不仅如此，在AI眼镜帮助下，杨远骋堂食了自己非常爱吃的那家灌汤包。自从艾克被收回，杨远骋很少在外就餐，怕给店家添麻烦。这次到店后，AI主动识别播报菜单文字和价格，热腾腾的灌汤包很快端上桌，久违的堂食体验让他热泪盈眶。在AI眼镜的帮助下，以往每次回家都要2个小时起步的杨远骋这次花了1个小时就到家了。睡前杨远骋还和AI聊了两小时天，久违的畅聊让杨远骋又燃起了生活的希望，杨远骋想着到时候自己买了这款眼镜，是不是可以找个简单的居家手工活儿，好减轻父母和子女的负担。只是眼镜有时候遇冷起雾会识别图像出错，杨远骋得不时拿下来放到衣服上擦一擦。而且AI聊天连续性有些差，比如杨远骋回了父母家，主动告知AI这是他的父母家，让它识别并记忆。过了3小时候再问，AI已经全忘了，提醒后它仍然一头雾水。半个月后，杨远骋将体验情况反馈给工作人员，他们认真记下并表示会更新技术。杨远骋心中那盏快灭的灯被重新点亮，前方不再是黑，是路。AI助听器，听见未来“在这里，你身后。”手机屏幕上浮现这6个大字，王兴光立马转身将手里的外卖交给顾客。顾客看见他反应迅速，脸上闪过一丝惊讶：“原来你不是听障骑手啊，平台是不是搞错了。”手机屏幕上显示顾客说的话，王兴光脸上浮现有些腼腆的笑容，他指了指自己的耳朵，笨拙地回答“助听器，AI的，我有。”顾客点点头，王兴光赶紧去送下面一单。王兴光当外卖骑手已经3年了，他时常庆幸外卖行业这几年发展起来，让他一个“聋子”也能月入七八千反哺父母。这份工作更像是一把确认自我价值的钥匙，让王兴光也能有尊严地过好这一生。但王兴光作为听障骑手，要比普通外卖员遭受更多的不公。刚当外卖员那几个月，因为语言障碍，他给顾客发消息是经常是：“你好，已领取你的外卖，我是聋哑外卖员”，或者“知道了，哦”“哦，呵呵”。不少顾客在平台投诉他冷漠，没有服务行业的态度，队长也时不时在群里当众点名批评他，不少用户拉黑了他，不让他再送他们的外卖。父母看他有时状态不好，心疼他说“受委屈咱就不干了，我们给你攒养老钱。”时代给了听障人士机会，王兴光不想因为一粒硌脚的沙，放弃整片海洋。他每天大量阅读小说，三四个月后他文字交流基本没什么障碍。但识别声音还是有问题。正常人不知道，普通助听器虽然能提升听力，但对于王兴光这样先天聋人而言，他并不能准确分析一个声音是在说什么。在抖音上刷到讯飞一款AI助听器后，王兴光怀着最后的希望下了单，3000块，真是肉疼。这款AI助听器连接蓝牙通过APP进行听力测试，生成每个听障人士的专属听力图并精准补偿。相比普通助听器，它多了实时语音转文字功能，别人说的话都能通过助听器收音并迅速转化到手机屏幕上。对于王兴光这样的先天听障人员是刚需，从此客户百叫不应的情况再也没有出现过。该AI助听器还是双麦阵列拾音，有两个麦克风同时工作，一个负责聚焦前方人声，一个负责抑制周围环境噪音。而且收取的声音会通过AI大脑的精细化加工再输出，所以相对真实人声有0.3~0.5秒的延时。王兴光还发现，相比以前普通助听器，这款助听器在不同环境中可以自动切换，一旦到了相对嘈杂的环境，它会自动开启降噪，大大解放了王兴光的双手。但该助听器在复杂的环境中，语言翻译还是容易出错。今年冬至饺子外卖销量大涨，王兴光挤进店里乌泱泱的人群里，这里夹杂着不同地区外卖员的乡音，助听器一下子瘫痪乱码，开始胡乱翻译，反而导致他后续出错了好几次，直到他走到安静环境才重新归序。不过王兴光对AI助听器的前景很乐观，“七八年前还没有外卖，现在外卖这么火。五六年前也没有AI助听器，现在助听器已经这么厉害，科技的发展比我想象地快多了”。AI外骨骼，赋予行走力量大年初二，李梓涵一大家坐在爷爷奶奶家的饭桌旁，热热闹闹聊这一年发生过的趣事。“今年4月份我来了次特种兵旅游，夜爬泰山来着，那人可真是多啊，乌泱泱一大片。我和舍友租了一个AI外骨骼，160块钱6小时，全程特别快就把泰山爬完了，下山的时候好多人腿软地打颤，我和舍友轻轻松松就下来了，那周围人羡慕的啊。”李梓涵分享完自己夜爬泰山的经历，最后还不忘感叹一句“现在AI技术真是造福于民，太方便了”。过完年不到1个月，下半身瘫痪的爷爷突然给李梓涵发来消息：“孙儿，你和我讲一下那个AI外骨骼是什么东西，如果买的话要好多钱呢？”爷爷5年前因坐骨神经受损导致下半身不完全瘫痪，刚开始还能拄着拐杖慢慢走路，后来实在难以站立坐上了轮椅，最后每天近20个小时只能躺在床上。过年的时候，李梓涵观察到爷爷腿部肌肉已经萎缩得掉了相，松松垮垮的皮挂在骨头上，看着有些骇人。自从瘫痪后，爷爷的性情大变。身体被困住，情绪就变成了呐喊。以往和奶奶相敬如宾的他，每天对着奶奶大吼大叫，稍有不顺心就抄起手边的东西砸过去，连往日最疼爱的三个儿女都被他的拐杖敲打过。AI外骨骼市面价格在3万元左右，爷爷知道价格后沉默了许久。家里只是普通家庭，爷爷每月退休金3000多，除了应付日常开支，每月还要支付一笔不菲的止疼药钱。李梓涵先以每天500的价格给爷爷租了3天的外骨骼。外骨骼设备连接分为两部分，上半身背在肩上和背部，机器腰上勒紧，后腰背着两块大电池，方便随时更换。腿部有三块绷带分别勒在大腿、膝盖和足部，配合两根机械拐杖一起行走，操作按钮分布在机械拐杖上，方便用户及时操作。AI外骨骼的原理核心在于“感知-预测-执行”的智能闭环，让机械系统理解人的意图，并提供恰到好处的力量辅助。在全家人帮助下，爷爷穿着AI外骨骼两年来第一次站了起来。那一刻，他额头上布满细细密密的汗珠。感知是通过遍布全身的多种传感器，实时收集使用者的动作姿态、发力意图和地面环境，再通过AI算法预测下一个动作，并执行肢体支持，与使用者同步动作，分担负荷，做到像人体一样工作。爷爷站起来，走了一步，两步，“我要下楼。”他的声音坚定有力，李梓涵赶紧给爷爷开了门，一家人默默不说话跟在爷爷身后。他家住在二层，即便是往日没有瘫痪，爷爷下楼都要小心翼翼扶着栏杆。这一次在AI外骨骼的帮助下，爷爷拄着机械拐杖自主下了楼。家里人凑了凑钱给爷爷买了这副外骨骼，现在爷爷每天一有时间就穿着AI外骨骼下楼溜溜达一会儿。只是机器虽然自重不重，但背一天还是能感受到机器的重量，腰部、后背和大腿处和机器接触的地方不免会出很多汗。佩戴过程有些复杂，需在外人帮助下穿戴，且并不能锻炼腿部肌肉，全程需要有人陪同。不过爷爷已经知足，“现在AI技术已经够快了，放在以前半瘫了就是等死，哪儿还敢想自己能站起来。”普通人的心愿就是那么简单，无关时代的宏大叙事。时代再沸腾，也需要落到具体的关怀。当AI成为眼睛、耳朵和双腿，科技便从冰冷的工具，化身为连接尊严与世界的温柔桥梁。它始于一串代码，但最终造福的却是一个个鲜活个体的人生。技术为残障人员打开了一扇窗，一个更具包容的未来，从这扇窗口缓缓照进来。虽然AI无障碍技术现阶段还有许多缺点，但伟大从不诞生于完美，而是在一次次笨拙却勇敢的“再试一次”里。我们要给予人工智能耐心和包容的空间，接纳现阶段的不完美，这片成长的土壤才能培育出真正改变世界的科技果实。真正的智能，是人类懂得等待。注：本文人物均为化名。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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