这些小众AI概念股股价创历史新高

福布斯01-12

十年来，数据存储企业业绩平平，但在人工智能热潮推动下，它们在2025年打了一场酣畅淋漓的翻身仗。图片来源：Getty2025年，当市场目光都聚焦在英伟达、Alphabet这类风光无限的人工智能龙头股时，一批名不见经传的数据存储概念股却悄然斩获巨额增长。过去一年，硬盘制造商希捷（Seagate）和西部数据（Western Digital）的股价分别飙升超220%和300%，而Alphabet和英伟达...

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Ackerman）表示：“生成的文本、视频和图片越多，需要存储的内容当然也就越多。而视频和图片的存储容量需求，本就比文本要大得多。”科技企业竞相加快AI研发进程，并已斥资数十亿美元兴建数据中心，用以存储和处理海量数据。据麦肯锡估算，未来五年，数据中心仅在存储设备上的投入就将达到8000亿美元。尽管与用于购置英伟达、AMD和英特尔图形处理器（GPU）与中央处理器（CPU）的3.5万亿美元支出相比，8000亿美元只能算是小钱，但这种程度的需求足以推动一众数据存储企业股价创下历史新高。硬盘制造商这一年尤为扬眉吐气——十年前，该行业曾一度走到崩塌的边缘。阿克曼解释称，2010年代，闪存凭借体积更小、能效更高的优势，成为手机、笔记本电脑等消费电子设备的首选存储方案；而传统硬盘虽在低成本存储海量数据方面更具优势，市场份额却被闪存不断蚕食。结果，硬盘企业或是破产，或是关停工厂，行业内还出现大规模并购整合。上世纪90年代，全球约有20家硬盘制造商，且多数位于美国；如今美国仅剩希捷和西部数据两家，外加日本企业东芝。因市场需求断崖式下跌，硬盘生产商为避免亏损，一度大幅缩减产能。但如今，硬盘需求重又激增，背后原因便是各大企业大举建设数据中心，需要硬盘进行“冷存储”（即长期存储）。再者，部署硬盘的成本最高能比闪存低九成。Cantor Fitzgerald公司半导体研究主管CJ·缪斯（CJ Muse）表示：“现在硬盘简直是一货难求。两大硬盘巨头没有扩大产能，而是保持着极为理性的经营策略。这完全可以理解——毕竟，整个行业在上个十年的经历实在惨痛。”在2025年10月结束的财季中，希捷报告营收26亿美元，同比增长21%；在2025年6月结束的财年里，希捷全年营收90亿美元，较上一财年增长39%。而就在不久前，希捷还经历了过去十年中表现最差的一年——在2024年6月结束的2023财年，其全年营收仅为65.5亿美元。西部数据在去年10月结束的同一财季则报告营收28亿美元，同比增长27%；6月结束的同一财年全年营收95亿美元，同比增幅达51%。闪迪、美光等美国闪存厂商，以及三星、SK海力士、长鑫存储等海外同行，也借硬盘供应短缺收获可观收益。在2025年10月结束的财季，闪迪营收23亿美元，同比增长23%；美光营收更是飙升至136亿美元，同比增幅达56%。缪斯称：“现在下单订购硬盘，交货周期可能长达12至15个月。因此，如果客户需要得比较急切，就只得选择闪存来满足存储需求。”缪斯指出，目前存储设备需求旺盛，而厂商为避免出现产能过剩的局面，对扩产十分谨慎，硬盘和闪存的价格因而都无下降趋势，相关企业的股价也就仍具备较大上涨空间。“存储行业仍具有周期性，未来某个时刻必然会进入需求消化阶段。但即便穿越整个周期，两大硬盘巨头的营收也有望实现10%至15%的增长。”本文作者为福布斯撰稿人，文章内容仅代表作者本人观点。文：Alicia 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