电动车门把手受多国监管重视，有调查称特斯拉多起死亡事故中把手无法打开

澎湃新闻12-23 14:40

特斯拉标志性的电动门把手设计一度被视为电动车创新象征之一，然而这种门把手已经引发了广泛的监管审查和安全标准讨论。　　当地时间12月22日，据外媒报道，其在一项针对电动门把手的大规模调查中发现，过去十年间，至少有15人在特斯拉碰撞事故中丧生，这些事故中，特斯拉车辆发生碰撞并起火，然而车内人员或救援人员却无法打开车门。　　调查指出，这些事故通常涉及车辆事故后电池断电、电力系统失效等情况。这种电子门把手...

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href=http://finance.eastmoney.com/a/202512233599419238.html><strong>澎湃新闻</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>特斯拉标志性的电动门把手设计一度被视为电动车创新象征之一，然而这种门把手已经引发了广泛的监管审查和安全标准讨论。　　当地时间12月22日，据外媒报道，其在一项针对电动门把手的大规模调查中发现，过去十年间，至少有15人在特斯拉碰撞事故中丧生，这些事故中，特斯拉车辆发生碰撞并起火，然而车内人员或救援人员却无法打开车门。　　调查指出，这些事故通常涉及车辆事故后电池断电、电力系统失效等情况。这种电子门把手...</p>\n\n<a href=\"http://finance.eastmoney.com/a/202512233599419238.html\">网页链接</a>\n\n</div>\n\n\n</article>\n</div>\n</body>\n</html>\n","isBrief":false,"type":0,"news_type":1,"symbol":"LU1429558221.USD","symbol_name":"Natixis Loomis Sayles US Growth Equity RA 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accidents","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"TSYW.SI":0.6,"TSLA":1.96},"content_text":"特斯拉标志性的电动门把手设计一度被视为电动车创新象征之一，然而这种门把手已经引发了广泛的监管审查和安全标准讨论。　　当地时间12月22日，据外媒报道，其在一项针对电动门把手的大规模调查中发现，过去十年间，至少有15人在特斯拉碰撞事故中丧生，这些事故中，特斯拉车辆发生碰撞并起火，然而车内人员或救援人员却无法打开车门。　　调查指出，这些事故通常涉及车辆事故后电池断电、电力系统失效等情况。这种电子门把手设计依赖车辆低压电源（12伏电池）提供动力，但在碰撞事故中该电池常被切断或损坏，导致门把手无法操作。虽有手动机械释放机构，但在紧急情况下不易被发现或操作。　　因担忧部分电动车门设计存在故障隐患从而导致无法开门，中国、美国以及欧洲的监管机构都已经对此类车门的安全性展开审查。尤其是在中国，一项针对电动门把手以及隐藏式门把手的强制性国标即将生效。　　美监管机构已对超17万辆特斯拉展开调查　　此前，特斯拉的电动门把手已经引发美国监管机构关注。　　今年9月，美国国家公路交通安全管理局（NHTSA）对约17.4万辆2021款特斯拉Model Y电动车展开调查，原因是该车型的电动车门把手可能存在失灵问题，构成安全隐患。　　NHTSA该调查的重点是电子门锁在电力失效情况下是否会失去功能、阻碍外部开门。NHTSA公布在官网的文件显示，在9起被上报的事故中，由于电子门把手失灵导致无法开门，孩子被困在车辆的后排。　　另外需要指出的是，虽然特斯拉汽车的内部配置了手动开门装置，但这种“半机械式”门把手一般较为隐蔽，对于不熟悉的用户或者乘坐人员而言并不直观。这促使监管层关注事故现场救援是否因设计而延误。　　一些司法案件也反映了类似风险。例如，在加州的一起Cybertruck事故中，车祸导致火势迅速蔓延，电子门按钮失灵、外部无传统把手，使得救援者在车外无法及时打开车门，部分乘客因此丧命。受害者家属已就门把手与设计问题提起诉讼，指控设计缺陷阻碍救援。　　此外，父母因电子门锁失灵不得不打碎车窗才能救出被困儿童的事件，类似投诉也促使监管加大调查力度。　　面对外界关注，特斯拉设计总监Franz von Holzhausen此前曾在接受外媒采访时透露，特斯拉正在重新设计其饱受安全争议的车门把手系统。新设计旨在让乘客能够在紧急情况下更为便捷地打开车门。　　同时他提及，特斯拉正在研究中国市场对车门把手的诉求，必要时或也将调整。　　中国强制性国标出台：2027年起必须配备机械门把手　　电动门把手早已经受到中国监管部门的高度重视。　　今年5月8日，工信部公开征集对《汽车车门把手安全技术要求》强制性国家标准制修订计划项目的意见；9月24日，《汽车车门把手安全技术要求（征求意见稿）》正式出台并公开征求意见。　　日前，《汽车车门把手安全技术要求》报批稿也已公示。该强制性国家标准旨在规范汽车车门把手设计，解决电动化、智能化发展中暴露的强度不足、断电失效等安全隐患，保障事故场景下的逃生与救援安全。　　该标准要求，车内外门把手均须配备机械释放功能，安装位置清晰可见。对于车外门把手，还要求其事故后非碰撞侧车门可无工具开启。　　值得指出的是，《汽车车门把手安全技术要求》不仅关注电动门把手的安全问题，更是对隐藏式门把手下了明确禁令。　　电动门把手与隐藏式门把手二者虽常相伴，却并不等同：电动门把手是“电机驱动”的功能分类，可保留机械解锁冗余；隐藏式门把手是“与车身齐平”的形态分类，多依赖纯电动驱动，事故断电后，车外门把手不弹出，极易丧失救援操作空间。　　在实施安排上，该标准的建议实施日期为2027年1月1日。为保障行业平稳过渡，相关要求明确新申请型式批准车型自2027年7月1日起需达标，已获批准车型需在2028年7月1日前完成整改，推动行业逐步规范车门把手设计，回归安全优先的发展导向。　　此外，欧盟并未公布针对电动门把手的具体强制性技术标准，但欧盟监管机构、权威安全评级机构等均已将事故后门把手的可靠性纳入必审的安全议题。　　今年10月，负责欧盟市场车辆检验与认证的荷兰车辆管理局（RDW）已经对包括特斯拉在内的电动门把手设计提出安全性要求。欧洲交通安全委员会（ETSC）也公开呼吁欧盟委员会尽快制定专门针对电子式车门的安全规则，指出目前的联合国及欧盟现行车辆安全法规尚未覆盖电动门把手在紧急环境下的可靠性要求，存在监管缺口。（文章来源：澎湃新闻）","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"-1","news_tag":"policyRegulatory","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":1,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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