人类AI算力竞争离开地球表面进入太空，美银报告：巨头都在跟进，极具挑战性

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人类的AI算力竞争，终于离开地球表面，进入到了太空。美银近日发布一篇题为《太空数据中心推动人工智能竞赛向纵深发展》的研究报告，针对算力竞争太空化的现象发表看法。报告中写道：“随着支持人工智能的数据中心需求不断增长，科技和太空企业正日益将天基计算平台视为产能扩张的下一阶段。”美银提醒投资者关注，SpaceX、蓝色起源等公司纷纷将目光投向太空以拓展人工智能业务，蓝色起源的杰夫・贝索斯和SpaceX 的...

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challenging","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"USJW.SI":0.6,"GOOG":0.9,"GOOGL":0.9,"NVDA":0.9},"content_text":"人类的AI算力竞争，终于离开地球表面，进入到了太空。美银近日发布一篇题为《太空数据中心推动人工智能竞赛向纵深发展》的研究报告，针对算力竞争太空化的现象发表看法。报告中写道：“随着支持人工智能的数据中心需求不断增长，科技和太空企业正日益将天基计算平台视为产能扩张的下一阶段。”美银提醒投资者关注，SpaceX、蓝色起源等公司纷纷将目光投向太空以拓展人工智能业务，蓝色起源的杰夫・贝索斯和SpaceX 的埃隆・马斯克均公开表示，自己正在探索相关构想。11 月，英伟达支持的初创企业Starcoud（由罗纳德・J・爱泼斯坦支持）在卫星上部署了英伟达 GPU，并利用其在轨道上训练人工智能模型；谷歌也发布了向轨道部署张量处理单元（TPU）的计划（“捕日者计划”），并宣布与Planet公司合作，将于2027年在轨道上测试其硬件和人工智能模型。Part.1太空领域极具挑战性尽管初期热情高涨，但美银提醒：太空环境对高性能计算有效载荷的大规模部署构成了多项技术挑战。太阳同步轨道能持续提供高强度太阳能，这使得轨道数据中心部署具有较大吸引力，但同时该环境下的辐射会增加，可能损坏包括芯片在内的未屏蔽电子设备。因此，用于太空长期使用的计算设备需经过抗辐射加固，这会增加成本和有效载荷质量。太空真空环境使得敏感芯片的热管理难度加倍。根据美国国家航空航天NASA数据，国际空间站的六个主散热器总面积约5000平方英尺、总重约14000磅，仅能散发70千瓦热量，而一个 1 吉瓦级超大规模轨道数据中心的散热需求可能是其15000倍左右。Part.2若数据中心兴起，发射需求将迎来增长目前发射能力仍是行业产能瓶颈，而天基数据中心的大规模部署将使SpaceX、蓝色起源、火箭实验室（RKLB）等太空发射提供商受益。正在研发的超重型运载火箭，如运力150-250吨的“星舰”、运力70吨的“新格伦”可能需要数百次飞行才能完成单个超大规模天基数据中心的全面部署。即便初期规模较小，发射需求仍可能持续超过供应，为多家大型发射提供商创造机会。火箭实验室的“中子”中型运载火箭预计2026年完成首次测试发射，其轨道运力将比现有 “电子” 火箭提升40倍以上。Part.3对太空基础设施的潜在下游影响天基数据中心的广泛部署将催生对太空基础设施的全方位需求，涵盖卫星、有效载荷、空间站及轨道平台等领域。人工智能应用所需的高带宽安全数据传输将扩大激光通信需求，当前提供商包括SpaceX和 Myani（正被 RKLB 收购）；RKLB 和直觉机器公司（LUNR）在卫星总线领域有业务布局，LUNR 预计2026年一季度收购Lanteris。大型太空资产的部署将为 Voyager Technologies 的 Starlab 等空间站开发商带来机遇，其竞争对手 Axiom（私营企业）计划 2027 年向国际空间站部署轨道数据中心基础设施节点。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":1,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; 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