中汽测评：车企应重视充电安全

第一财经2025-12-18

近日，中汽中心汽车测评管理中心（下称“中汽测评”）发布了中国新能源汽车电安全专项测评的专项研究报告。该研究报告涉及第一批测评的五款车型，共包含6个评价板块，其中充电安全、电磁安全、功能安全和电池安全为客观测试项，高压安全和消防安全为报告审核项。这五款车型为极狐阿尔法T5 520 MAX、比亚迪汉L EV 701KM激光雷达尊享型、小鹏G7 702超长续航MAX、埃安UT 420智豪版和深蓝S09 ...

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后驱Ultra+。五款车型的综合得分率均在80%以上，其中在电磁安全方面均获得满分，在功能安全、电池安全和消防安全方面整体也表现较好。不过，在充电安全方面，整体表现欠佳，仅一款车型为满分。“随着新技术的快速普及和应用，新能源车辆系统的多样化和复杂化为电安全问题带来了新的挑战。整体来看，部分车型存在电安全相关功能指标验证不充分的问题。尤其是充电接口热安全、动力失效场景用户提醒、急加速场景整车高压纹波、电池热失控后车辆主动安全措施策略以及热失控后的有害气体浓度等指标，企业需要重点关注。”中汽测评电安全专项负责人孟庆宇对记者表示。具体来看，充电接口热安全维度上（充电过程中车辆插座直流功率端子达温限后，车辆的保护措施落实情况），大部分车型无法在端子温度达90℃时停止充电，个别车型未设置停止充电截止温度；在动力失效上（车辆电子电气系统发生动力失效时的安全保护措施及可控状态），个别车型动力失效时无车内仪表报警，且故障处理时间间隔较长；在急加速场景上（急加速场景下，器件的高速通断产生的直流侧谐波分量导致的纹波电压对电容元件等的影响），部分车型纹波电压偏高，需关注电子元器件之间的耦合问题，这意味着部分车型功能安全冗余设计范围不足，建议提升加速踏板信号冗余的安全车速范围，提高失效场景安全冗余的覆盖率；在烟气危害上（车辆热失控后产生的烟气对乘员安全的潜在威胁），部分车型热失控后车内CO和颗粒物浓度明显偏高，车企需从电池层面进行优化。孟庆宇认为，车企应在坚守电安全底线的基础上，通过材料创新、结构优化和智能监控构建纵深防护体系，并借助第三方全场景验证来确保可靠性，提升消费者的新能源用车信心。针对上述问题，建议车企完善车辆充电接口热安全预警控制机制和用户提醒功能，优化动力失效故障软件处理策略和硬件检测机制；优化高压系统回路设计，完善瞬态冲击防控处理机制；优化车窗主动开启、电池主动降温等应急处理策略，提升车辆应急救援服务水平。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"isVideo":false,"video":null,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"need_login_tip":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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