谷歌AI掉队背后：布林坦言低估Transformer，复盘与OpenAI的得失

ITBEAR科技资讯2025-12-15

谷歌联合创始人谢尔盖·布林近日重返母校斯坦福大学，在公开演讲中系统回顾了谷歌从创立到成为全球科技巨头，再到AI领域竞争起伏的完整历程。他坦言，谷歌在人工智能关键技术突破期错失先机，但凭借长期积累的技术优势正通过Gemini项目实现逆袭。布林与拉里·佩奇的创业故事始于1995年的斯坦福校园。当时作为博士生的布林负责接待来访的佩奇，两个技术极客很快发现共同兴趣。他们最初尝试开发数字图书馆项目时，曾试图...

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OpenAI","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"GOOGL":1.5,"GOOG":0.9},"content_text":"谷歌联合创始人谢尔盖·布林近日重返母校斯坦福大学，在公开演讲中系统回顾了谷歌从创立到成为全球科技巨头，再到AI领域竞争起伏的完整历程。他坦言，谷歌在人工智能关键技术突破期错失先机，但凭借长期积累的技术优势正通过Gemini项目实现逆袭。布林与拉里·佩奇的创业故事始于1995年的斯坦福校园。当时作为博士生的布林负责接待来访的佩奇，两个技术极客很快发现共同兴趣。他们最初尝试开发数字图书馆项目时，曾试图将自主研发的BackRub搜索算法授权给其他互联网公司，却屡遭拒绝。这段经历促使他们决定自主创业，这个决定最终改变了全球信息获取方式。早期谷歌以突破常规的创新文化著称。公司用乐高积木搭建服务器机箱，在搜索引擎界面嵌入火人节彩蛋，甚至为第一条员工犬Yoshka建立观察日志。这种充满实验精神的文化吸引了大批顶尖人才，包括深度学习先驱杰弗里·辛顿、吴恩达等学者，构建起AI领域的\"梦之队\"。在AI发展历程中，谷歌曾占据多个制高点。2012年通过\"猫脸识别\"论文验证无监督学习可行性，率先实现深度学习工程化应用，并自主研发TPU专用芯片。但布林承认，2017年Transformer架构论文发布后，公司因担忧聊天机器人产生不当内容，未能及时加大资源投入，导致OpenAI抓住机遇实现超越。这段战略失误直接导致多位核心研究人员流失，包括关键人物伊尔亚·苏茨克维。对于当前AI竞争格局，布林强调谷歌仍具备独特优势。公司完整的技术栈涵盖大规模数据中心、自研半导体和深度学习算法，这些积累使谷歌在AI军备竞赛中保持领先。他透露自己深度参与Gemini项目开发，不仅参与技术路线讨论，更直接审查代码细节，这种亲力亲为的作风被视为谷歌AI战略调整的重要信号。在谈到创业经验时，布林特别提及谷歌眼镜的教训。这款2012年推出的智能眼镜因过度追求技术前瞻性，忽视成本控制和用户体验，最终成为商业失败案例。他警示年轻创业者：\"当外界期待与开发成本同步攀升时，必须确保有充足时间完善产品，避免陷入被期望绑架的恶性循环。\"关于个人职业选择，布林坦言此前\"退休\"尝试研究物理学是错误决定。他发现脱离技术一线导致思维钝化，因此重返谷歌领导AI研发。现在他习惯在驾车时与AI系统探讨技术问题，例如数据中心建设成本等复杂计算，这种实时互动成为保持思维敏捷的特殊训练方式。对于教育领域变革，布林建议高校重新定位自身价值。随着在线教育和AI技术普及，传统校园模式面临挑战。他预言未来百年教育形态将发生根本性转变，跨地域远程协作将成为主流学习方式，这要求教育机构突破物理空间限制构建新型知识传播体系。在专业选择方面，布林建议学生优先发展计算机科学能力。尽管AI在编码领域表现优异，但人类程序员在开发更先进AI系统方面仍不可替代。相比之下，他认为比较文学等专业更易被AI替代，而量子计算与材料科学的交叉领域可能孕育颠覆性创新，值得重点投入。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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