特斯拉Model Y可靠性最差！德国人说的

猎云网12-06 12:48

两极反转，全球销冠Model Y在德国又拿了个“第一”。不过这回的“第一”属实不光彩——在2026 年德国《 TÜV 报告》中被列为2-3年车龄车型中的“可靠性最差车型”。Model Y以17.3%的超高缺陷率，位列倒数第一，而且创下了TÜV 过去十年所有测试车型的最差纪录，这也是Model Y车型第一次参加这类检验测试， TÜV 协会可能也没想到，一下就捞了条大的。更有意思的是，在Model Y...

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The Germans said","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"TSLA":1.96,"TSYW.SI":0.6},"content_text":"两极反转，全球销冠Model Y在德国又拿了个“第一”。不过这回的“第一”属实不光彩——在2026 年德国《 TÜV 报告》中被列为2-3年车龄车型中的“可靠性最差车型”。Model Y以17.3%的超高缺陷率，位列倒数第一，而且创下了TÜV 过去十年所有测试车型的最差纪录，这也是Model Y车型第一次参加这类检验测试， TÜV 协会可能也没想到，一下就捞了条大的。更有意思的是，在Model Y没加入之前，垫底的车型则是Model 3....这次有了Model Y的“托举”，Model 3的名次得以上升，以13.1%的缺陷率位列倒数第二，形成“双车垫底”的尴尬局面。01、 双双垫底Model Y虽然是历史上第一款登顶全球年度销量冠军的纯电动汽车，但德国人这次给出的结果可能真有点权威。给出这份年度报告的结构，不是什么拿钱办事的野鸡机构，TÜV 协会的全称为Technischer ?berwachungsverein（德国技术监督协会）是负责德国机动车强制安全检查的机构。而且这个组织也并非单一机构，而是由TÜV 莱茵、TÜV 南德等七家权威独立机构共同组成的全球顶尖检测认证网络，总部位于德国科隆，拥有近150年发展史 ，号称全球范围内的安全质量标尺。他们的业务覆盖汽车、能源、医疗、IT等几乎所有重要领域，认证标志是全球公认的安全与质量象征，持有该标志的产品甚至能直接转换多国认证资质 ，平时常常听说的莱茵认证就是他家的。以汽车为例，每辆车都必须经过TÜV 的定期机械性能检测，以确保其具备合法上路的资格，检测也并非主观调查，而是需要提供3台样车、历经6-9个月，覆盖200余项指标的硬核技术评估，误差率控制在±1.5%以内，才能在德国上路。像这次的《TÜV 报告 2026》，就是通过950万辆车的检测数据而总结出来的。这份报告评估了车龄在2到3年之间的216款畅销车型，其中纯电车型有9款，报告显示，有17.3%的Model Y因“严重”或“危险”缺陷未能通过检验。也就是说每6辆接受检测的特斯拉Model Y里，就有一辆检测不合格，不仅不合格，这个数据直接创下了他们十年来记录的同年龄段车型的最高缺陷值，可以说是“历史最差”表现了。作为对比，该车龄段车型的平均不合格率只有6.5%，超过了一倍的水平，成绩最好的纯电车型，Mini Cooper SE缺陷率仅3.5%，排名第二的是奥迪Q4 e-tron为4.0%。而总榜单的第一名，大家可能都想不到，是马自达的小车马自达 2，缺陷率仅为2.9%。特斯拉Model 3的表现也好不哪去，以13.1%的缺陷率位列总榜单倒数第三名，而福特 Mondeo（蒙迪欧）以14.3%的故障率位列总榜单倒数第二，如果单独拉出纯电车型的分类，Model 3就是排名倒数第二。其实，在去年的TÜV 报告中，Model 3已经在可靠性方面排名倒数第一，缺陷率为14.2%，而去年也没有Model Y参与检验，万万没想到，首次检验就直接“登顶”。值得注意的是，TÜV 协会报告，所依据的检查方向，更侧重的是道路适应性，而非车辆的智能化程度，简单来说就是，只看机械素质。02、 硬件机械素质问题Model Y具体都栽在哪些地方了？TÜV  协会报告给出了三个重灾区，悬挂系统、刹车系统和灯光。首先是悬挂系统，特斯拉悬挂部件频繁出现问题，近五分之一的汽车在首次强制检查中不合格，特别是长期困扰特斯拉车主的“控制臂衬套”问题。此前，针对特斯拉原厂悬挂因频发异响问题而饱受诟病这一情况，德国汽车售后配件巨头迈勒（Meyle）还专门研发出了加固型配件，用以解决这一烦人的悬挂异响问题。TÜV 协会的负责人约阿希姆?布勒博士还表示，这一现象算是电动车总普遍存在的一些“通病”。因为电动车普遍比较重，尤其是底盘那块大电池，分量实在不轻，这无疑给悬架系统带来了持续的高负荷，天长日久，出问题的概率自然就比普通燃油车大一些，不过特斯拉Model Y的这一现象更明显。至于刹车盘方面，也是吃了电动车特性的亏，约阿希姆布勒博士直言：“动能回收系统虽然提升能效，但传统刹车盘长时间‘吃灰’，极易锈蚀与性能衰减。”Model Y的刹车盘问题也在我们的长测中暴露无遗。这也不难理解，电动车因为依赖能量回收制动，很多时候减速光靠松电门就行了，导致物理刹车使用频次低，叠加德国潮湿气候，刹车盘易生锈腐蚀，即便机械功能正常，也会因锈蚀无法通过安全检测。不过，话又说回来，同样是电动车，像Mini Cooper SE、奥迪Q4 E-Tron就能把缺陷率控制在相当低的水平，这就意味着，问题可能不尽然是“电动车”这个身份带来的，特斯拉自身在质量控制、零部件供应链或者装配工艺上，大概率还是有需要补课的地方。最后就是，车辆照明系统问题，部分Model Y的前大灯存在照射角度偏移、亮度衰减等问题，遇到紧急情况反应距离大打折扣，另外倒车灯在挂入倒挡时可能无法正常点亮，这一细节问题进一步推高了未通过率。特斯拉在电动化、智能化方面确实是行业的领头羊，这点毋庸置疑，但在“软件定义汽车”趋势下，不能光为科技功能与加速性能买单，车辆的长期可靠性、售后成本等都是影响购车的关键因素。03、欧洲市场基本沦陷这份报告，也可能点出了为什么特斯拉在德国卖得相当差的原因。今年11月份，根据德国联邦运输管理局（KBA）数据，特斯拉的市场注册量仅为1763辆，比去年同期下降五分之一多。与之对应的，11月份德国新注册的纯电动汽车（BEV）超过55740辆，比去年同期增长58.5%。纯电动汽车占所有新注册车辆的22%以上。如果将视线放的更远，截至10月份，德国新能源汽车总销量达 434627 辆，同比增长近 40%；而其中特斯拉仅售出15595 辆，同比暴跌 50%，平均月销1550辆。虽然可以将销量下滑部分归因于马斯克煽动性的政治言论，让不少欧洲消费者不舒服，但产品本身的品控问题经过用户口口相传，也是一个不容忽视的原因。此前，德国T-Online网站还做过一次调查，有超过10万的德国人参与，其中94%的德国人表示不会购买特斯拉，只有3%愿意考虑。不仅如此，特斯拉11月在欧洲多个主要市场的新车注册量都是同比大幅下滑，比如在法国下跌58%，至1593辆；在瑞典下滑59%，至1466辆；在丹麦减少49%，至534辆；在荷兰下滑44%，至1627辆；在葡萄牙下跌47%，至425辆。与此同时，在首次进军印度市场后，特斯拉交出的成绩单同样糟心——自7月开放订单以来，两个月仅卖出100多辆。这份报告也揭示了，消费者是为炫酷的创新买单，还是用脚投票转向更可靠的产品，市场最终会给出答案，对于特斯拉来说，补上机械素质这一课，或许比发布任何新功能都更紧迫。责任编辑：落木文章内容举报","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"-1","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","isDev":false,"isTTM":false,"deviceId":"web-server-community-laohu8-v3","version":"4.35.9","shortVersion":"4.35.9","platform":"web","vendor":"web","appName":"laohu8","isIOS":false,"isAndroid":false,"isTiger":false,"isTHS":false,"isWeiXin":false,"isWeiXinMini":false,"isWeiBo":false,"isQQ":false,"isBaiduSwan":false,"isBaiduBox":false,"isDingTalk":false,"isToutiao":false,"isOnePlus":false,"isHuaWei":false,"isXiaomi":false,"isXiaomiWebView":false,"isOppo":false,"isVivo":false,"isSamsung":false,"isMobile":false},"href":"/m/news/2589844286","isCrawlerRequest":true}