英伟达引领AI数据中心革命：800V高压直流架构重塑半导体产业生态

爱集微2025-07-13

在人工智能浪潮的推动下，英伟达（Nvidia）作为一家市值达4万亿美元的科技巨头，尽管本身不设计或制造电力电子设备，却正在定义未来电力电子的特性和功能。英伟达正在为下一代人工智能数据中心设计动力系统架构，其影响力已经深入到数据中心的电力基础设施建设中。英伟达的技术引领作用得到了一些行业专家的高度评价。例如，英飞凌科技系统创新部门负责人杰拉尔德·德博伊（Gerald Deboy）将英伟达比作一位...

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Deboy）将英伟达比作一位大师级指挥家，带领整个行业朝着新的数据中心建设和运营模式转型。此外，英伟达还与多家宽带隙（WBG）半导体及硅材料供应商合作，共同推动数据中心向800V高压直流（HVDC）架构的转变。英伟达在数据中心领域的技术创新，正在为氮化镓（GaN）技术的发展带来新的契机。Yole电力电子市场与技术分析师哈桑·切伊托（Hassan Cheaito）认为，英伟达对人工智能数据中心的推动，正在为氮化镓技术创造类似“特斯拉推动碳化硅（SiC）”时刻的市场机遇。英伟达的这些变化源于其即将推出的Rubin Ultra GPU和Vera CPU，这些产品将在2027年上市，并且会尽可能多地在机架内进行集群部署，以满足人工智能发展的需求。英伟达放弃了传统的54伏机架内电源分配技术，因为这种技术无法满足新GPU对机架功率的高要求。为了适应人工智能数据中心的发展，英伟达正在推动数据中心的电力基础设施进行全新设计。这种新的800伏高压直流系统架构，需要大量新型的电力设备和半导体技术。英飞凌等公司正在开发800伏至12伏和800伏至50伏的转换器，以满足英伟达在功率密度、效率、外形尺寸和高度等方面的要求。在数据中心电力基础设施中，对于高压高功率解决方案，碳化硅（SiC）技术处于领先地位。但对于从800V转换到50V的应用场景，由于空间限制，高开关频率的氮化镓（GaN）技术更为适用。而对于从54V转换到6V的低电压中间总线转换器（IBC），氮化镓和传统硅技术都可以发挥作用。英飞凌在这一领域展现了强大的竞争力。Yole首席技术和市场分析师Poshun Chiu认为英飞凌是电力电子领域的领导者，尤其在混合动力电子解决方案方面，英飞凌在碳化硅、氮化镓和半导体领域都具有优势。英飞凌并非唯一一家参与英伟达人工智能数据中心项目的公司。Navitas半导体公司也在利用其在氮化镓领域的优势，开发满足人工智能数据中心需求的电力电子解决方案。Navitas首席执行官吉恩·谢里登（Gene Sheridan）表示，随着电压接近处理器，英伟达在设计、组件选择和供应商选择方面的参与度越来越高。Navitas与英伟达每周都在进行评估、基准测试和原型设计等工作，以帮助英伟达确定最终的解决方案。Navitas在2022年收购了GeneSiC半导体公司，这为其宽禁带IC产品组合提供了支持。除了传统的交流到直流转换器或800伏直流到直流转换器，Navitas还在探索48伏直接为处理器供电的解决方案。谢里登还发现了一种新的氮化镓应用机会，这是由其公司通过GeneSiC收购获得的超高电压碳化硅技术所驱动的。这种技术对于开发与电网相连的固态转换器至关重要，并且可以应用于数据中心以外的领域，如固态变压器、城市和家庭供电以及可再生能源连接。英伟达的这一举措，还可能影响谷歌和Meta等其他科技巨头的数据中心战略。英伟达的积极行动可能使开放计算项目（OCP）变得过时，因为OCP在标准化数据中心的形式因素和机架级别方面的进展相对缓慢。英飞凌的德博伊表示，不同的架构可能会导致数据中心再次陷入“丛林”状态，即各种解决方案互不兼容。Yole预测，在人工智能数据中心市场，氮化镓的增长速度将超过碳化硅。虽然碳化硅在交流到直流转换中有一定的市场前景，但氮化镓在直流到直流转换中的应用潜力更大，因为它可以实现更高的电压。","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"2","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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