谷歌深陷41亿欧罚款，美科技巨头为何频遭重击？

中国新闻网2025-06-25

文/刘亮美国互联网巨头谷歌近日在欧洲遭遇挫折。欧盟最高司法机构欧洲法院一名法律总顾问日前发表不利表态，建议维持对谷歌安卓移动操作系统(Android)“非法设限”处以41.24亿欧元罚款的裁决。被控滥用市场主导地位欧洲法院日前公布了法律总顾问朱丽安·库考特(Juliane Kokott)发表的意见书。尽管这份意见书不具法律约束力，但根据以往经验，大多数此类意见会被法院采纳。外媒预计欧洲法院将在未来...

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Why are US technology giants hit hard frequently?","themeId":null,"isJumpTheme":false,"ttsUrl":null,"symbols_score_info":{"GOOGL":1,"USJW.SI":0.6,"XMAG":1,"GOOG":1},"content_text":"文/刘亮美国互联网巨头谷歌近日在欧洲遭遇挫折。欧盟最高司法机构欧洲法院一名法律总顾问日前发表不利表态，建议维持对谷歌安卓移动操作系统(Android)“非法设限”处以41.24亿欧元罚款的裁决。被控滥用市场主导地位欧洲法院日前公布了法律总顾问朱丽安·库考特(Juliane Kokott)发表的意见书。尽管这份意见书不具法律约束力，但根据以往经验，大多数此类意见会被法院采纳。外媒预计欧洲法院将在未来几个月内作出最终裁决。根据意见书，谷歌利用安卓系统在欧盟市场的主导地位，对手机生产商和移动网络运营商“非法设限”，如通过提供补贴要求手机生产商和移动网络运营商只预装谷歌搜索应用程序，手机生产商只有预装谷歌搜索及浏览器应用程序才能使用谷歌应用程序商店等。鉴于此，应向谷歌处以41.24亿欧元罚款。事实上，谷歌早已被欧洲监管机构盯上。2018年，欧盟委员会曾对谷歌的上述不正当市场竞争行为开出43.43亿欧元的巨额罚单。之后，尽管谷歌提出上诉，但收效甚微。2022年，欧盟委员会决定仅将谷歌的罚款金额降至现在的41.24亿欧元。欧洲严格数字经济监管近年来，欧洲加强科技巨头市场监管是一大趋势。2020年，欧盟启动了两部重要数字法律草案的制定工作，分别是数字市场法案和数字服务法案。这两部法案是欧盟自2000年以来在数字领域上的首次重大立法，旨在规范欧盟数字市场秩序。前者确保企业间能展开公平竞争，后者侧重于加强网络平台信息内容治理。目前，两部法案已生效实施。有分析指出，此次谷歌反垄断案件反映出欧洲对其数字经济治理的重视提升。一方面，从全球数字经济发展格局看，欧洲数字经济发展相对滞后于北美和亚洲地区。谷歌等科技巨头发展带来的一些不正当竞争行为侵蚀了市场公平，驱使欧洲采取监管措施，加强对其本土科技企业的合法保护。另一方面，据全球统计数据平台StatCounter统计，当前欧洲移动操作系统市场份额中，安卓系统占比超六成。这一明显的市场主导地位，无疑也加深了欧洲监管机构的担忧。深陷反垄断调查风波事实上，不光是谷歌，多家美国科技巨头也被欧洲监管机构列为重点关注对象。欧盟今年4月宣布美国苹果公司和脸书母公司(Meta)因违反欧盟数字市场法案，分别被处以5亿欧元和2亿欧元罚款。此外，亚马逊、微软等企业也同样被置于欧洲严格的监管视线之下。值得一提的是，在美国本土，谷歌、苹果等科技巨头近些年也同样深陷反垄断调查风波。2020年，由美国司法部和52个州及司法辖区的检察长联合起诉谷歌，认定谷歌的搜索业务违反了美国反垄断法。近期，美国司法部进一步敦促谷歌就反垄断案件采取补救措施，包括出售Chrome浏览器等。去年，美国司法部也对苹果公司发起反垄断诉讼，指控其涉嫌存在垄断行为，对消费者、开发者和竞争对手企业利益造成损害。在中国现代国际关系研究院研究员陈凤英看来，数字经济发展需要健康引导，倘若放任其野蛮生长，不利于公平市场竞争。她强调，这几年欧洲和美国等地区开展反垄断调查，一定程度上给全球科技巨头敲响了警钟，这督促其在扩大市场版图的同时，也要注重守住公平竞争的合规边界，更好地平衡企业利益与公共利益。参考来源：中国新闻网等\n\n\n海量资讯、精准解读，尽在新浪财经APP","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"-2","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":0,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko; compatible; ClaudeBot/1.0; +claudebot@anthropic.com)","isDev":false,"isTTM":false,"tenantId":"TBCN","deviceId":"web-server-community-laohu8-v3","version":"4.36.2","shortVersion":"4.36.2","platform":"web","vendor":"web","appName":"laohu8","isIOS":false,"isAndroid":false,"isTiger":false,"isTHS":false,"isWeiXin":false,"isWeiXinMini":false,"isWeiBo":false,"isQQ":false,"isBaiduSwan":false,"isBaiduBox":false,"isDingTalk":false,"isToutiao":false,"isOnePlus":false,"isHuaWei":false,"isXiaomi":false,"isXiaomiWebView":false,"isOppo":false,"isVivo":false,"isSamsung":false,"isMobile":false},"href":"/m/news/2546298770","isCrawlerRequest":true}