美联储报告：疫情期间黑人企遭受打击更大，需更多援助

新浪财经2020-08-05

北京时间8月5日消息，美联储周二发布的一份分析报告称，在新冠大流行期间，黑人企业遭受的损失尤其严重，应该成为未来经济复苏努力的重点。纽约联储研究人员进一步发现，新冠肺炎病例集中在黑人聚居的地区，对这些企业造成了进一步打击。美联储分析师Claire Kramer Mills和Jessica Battisto表示，由于缺乏足够的资金，包括通过“薪资保护计划（PPP）”提供的救援贷款，这使问题更加...

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href=http://cj.sina.cn/article/normal_detail?url=https://finance.sina.com.cn/stock/usstock/c/2020-08-05/doc-iivhuipn6860083.shtml><strong>新浪财经</strong></a>\n\n\n</h4>\n\n</header>\n<article>\n<div>\n<p>北京时间8月5日消息，美联储周二发布的一份分析报告称，在新冠大流行期间，黑人企业遭受的损失尤其严重，应该成为未来经济复苏努力的重点。\n纽约联储研究人员进一步发现，新冠肺炎病例集中在黑人聚居的地区，对这些企业造成了进一步打击。\n美联储分析师Claire Kramer Mills和Jessica Battisto表示，由于缺乏足够的资金，包括通过“薪资保护计划（PPP）”提供的救援贷款，这使问题更加...</p>\n\n<a 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Kramer Mills和Jessica Battisto表示，由于缺乏足够的资金，包括通过“薪资保护计划（PPP）”提供的救援贷款，这使问题更加复杂化。只有20%的PPP贷款流向了黑人企业最集中的地区。\n他们写道：“鉴于企业活动的地理高度集中性以及整个黑人人口，这些特定地区的业务中断可能对整个非裔美国人的福祉产生巨大影响。”\n这篇论文发表之际，白宫和国会民主党人正试图就新一轮救助方案制定细节。延长的失业救济金已于7月底到期，而失业救济金的延长幅度和规模是谈判的主要症结。\n分析人士表示，额外的救助资金也应该集中在纠正种族差异上。“为使救助方案发挥最大的作用，下一轮救助应在地理上更具针对性，以集中精力于受灾最严重的地区和缺乏关键基础设施（医院、银行）的社区，以缓解差距。”\n该问题在PPP贷款的分配中表现尤为明显。例如，纽约布朗克斯区只有7%的企业获得了贷款，皇后区的比例则为11.3%，密歇根州韦恩县的比例为11.6%，马里兰州乔治王子县为12.2%。所有这些地区都是黑人居民和企业集中度最高的。\n美联储的论文称，第一轮PPP贷款分配与各州的新冠病例数无关。相反，企业如果此前拥有银行业务关系以及社区银行市场份额，则获得贷款的可能性会更大。但问题是，黑人公司称因担心遭到拒绝而没有申请融资的数量是白人公司的三倍以上。\n报告称，“在新冠疫情之前，银行关系中的种族差异引发了有关银行的存在和有色社区获得信贷的结构性问题，这些问题在依赖银行执行由纳税人支持的联邦救济计划时变得尤为重要。PPP就是这种情况。”","kind":"news","is_publish_news":true,"is_publish_highlight":false,"is_publish_live":false,"is_publish_wemedia":null,"editions":null,"column":"","sentiment":"0","news_tag":"","news_rank":0,"symbols":[],"gpt_button":1,"need_auth":false,"code":"91000000","status":"200"},"commentList":[],"isCommentEnd":true,"newsSizeData":{"likeSize":0,"commentSize":0,"repostSize":0,"favoriteSize":0,"likeStatus":false,"favoriteStatus":false},"APP":{"userAgent":"Mozilla/5.0 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